Presentation Can, Must, Have to

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Presentation

modals verbs

Can/Can't Must Have to

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Can/Can't

We use can to:

• Express ability: Can you read? Yes, I Can/ No, I Can't
• Express requests: Can you walk with me?
• Express permission: Can I go to the bathroom?
• Express possibility: We Can go to the mall or to the cinema

Can is a modal verb, so it doesen't change in the third person, and its forms, it doesn't use an auxiliary verb for the negatives and interrogatives, it is followed by thr base for of the verb without to.

CAN, COULD, MAY, MIGHT

With the same meaning as can we find various modal verbs such as: could, may, might. Which changes based on the context.

* +Formal

+Certain

CAN

MIGHT

COULD

MAY

MAY

COULD

MIGHT

- - Formal

CAN

-Certain

POSSIBILITY

PERMISSION

1. Translate the sentences

2. Turn the sentences into the negative (-) or interrogative (?)

Can you pass me the oil please?

• Puoi passarmi l'olio per favore?
• Posso prendere un bicchiere d'acqua?
• Possiamo andare al parco, è più tranquillo
• Non so nuotare, puoi insegnarmelo?
• Non riesco a sentirti, puoi parlare piu forte?
• Questa casa è fantastica, possiamo vedere il mare!

Can I get a glass of water?

We can go to the park, it's quieter.

I can't swim, can you teach me?

I can't hear you, can you speak louder?

This house is amazing, we can see the sea!

• Can I carry it for you?(-)
• Susie can uderstand that.(?)
• His sister can drive well.(?)
• In kindergarten you can count to 100(-)
• We can have a picnic in the garder, it is reaing(-)
• You can't send me a photo of your notes(?)

MUST/MUSTN'T

LIke can must is a modal verb so, it deosen't change, and it is followed by the verb in the base for without to, and it doesen't need an auxialiary for the negatives, for the interrogative we use Have to instead.

MUST (use)

Must is used in different cases:

• Must is an obbligation we put to ourselves.
• Must can be used to give an order
• Must is also used as a strong recomandation
• Must is the negatives is used as rules

HAVE TO/DON'T HAVE TO

Have to is conjugated like the verb to have, so this also changes in the third person of the simple present

HAVE TO (use)

We use Have to when there is an obligation from an external source: I Have to tidy up my room (my mom told me to do that) We can use it to ask about obligation too: Do I have to dress up like that? To talk about a ban we use mustn't instead

1. Complete with must/mustn't/have to/don't have to, then translate them

Presentation

definite and indefinite articles

A/AN and THE

We use a/an to indicate a singular generic thing. We use a with nouns starting with a consonant, when the h is aspirated, and with the sounds j and w: a car a desk a house a holiday a euro (j) a year (j) a wall (w) a woman (w)... We use an with words that begin with vowels and before the silent h: an apple an hour... We use a/an only with contable singular nouns, some times we dont translate it in italian: Has she got a driving licence? Lei possiede la patente?

We use the with all genders nouns singular or plural, based on the names followed, the is pronounced differently: the sun the house the wall... the end the undergroung... We use the only when the nouns( + any attributes) means somethig specific, or something that the interlocutor knows. We don't use the when we want to say something generic.

Thank you all for your !!attention!!