SCHOOL NOTEBOOK

PORTFOLIO

BY: Mabelin Zuñiga

index

Notes of the week

Week #1

Week #2

Week #3

Week #4

Week #5

Week #6

Week #7

Week #8

Week #9

Please press the button of the respective week

Stages

The initiation stage has to do with the origin and the direction of the airstream used to produce sounds. In the majority of languages, the airstream mechanism involved in the production of sounds is pulmonic.

INTIATION

The organs responsible for the production of sound (or phonation) are the vocal folds, which can adopt different positions and thus generate different phonation types or voice qualities

Phonation

The majority of speech sounds are produced with an egressive, pulmonic airstream and with voicing of the vocal folds (except for a few voiceless sounds). The sound produced at the vocal folds is now filtered through the vocal cavity where the different articulators adopt different positions in order to produce the sounds of a language.

ARTICULATION

Week #1

19/01/2024

Phonetics and phonology

They are two disciplines that study speech sounds from different perspectives. One of the main roles of Phonology is to analyze the entire range of sounds in a language and decide which of them are linguistically relevant and which of them are not, namely, which of them are phonemes and which of them are allophones.

Info

IMPORTANT

Tongue / Tongue height

Duration

Lip posture

Vowels

The position of the tongue and its degree of openness is usually reflected in a chart known as the vowel quadrilateral which describes vowels according to their tongue position (front/central/back) and the degree of tongue rising (close/half- close/half-open/open).

Vowels are produced with an open approximation of the articulators and they are always voiced. The soft palate is raised so that the air coming from the lungs escapes through the oral cavity.

We use terms "rounded vs unrounded" regardless of whether the lips are neutral or spread

Long duration: /i:/, /a://, /u:/ Short duration: /a/, /e/, /I/

+info

Stress and Accent

• Stress has to do with the degree of prominence with which a syllable is produced.
• A stressed syllable is more prominent than an unstressed syllable.
• Stressed syllables are produced with more energy and muscular effort than unstressed syllables.
• Stressed syllables are usually longer and are perceived as being louder than the equivalent unstressed syllable.

ViDEO

Experto en pronunciación enseña la tabla fonética. Aprende todos los sonidos de la lengua inglesa.

Week #2

26/01/2024

Sentence stress

Sentence stress can help you to understand spoken English, even rapid spoken English, "stress" is what gives English its rhythm or "beat". You remember that word stress is accent on one syllable within a word. Sentence stress is accent on certain words within a sentence. Example: She bought a new car.

TYPES OF WORDS:

Content words

Content words are the keywords of a sentence. They are the important words that carry the meaning or sense the real content. Example: Nouns, main verbs, adjectives and adverbs) Write 5 examples.

Structure words

Structure words are not very important words. They are small, simple words that make the sentence correct grammatically. They give the sentence its correct form—its structure. Example: Prepositions, Conjuctions: but- because- and, until, how, that, so, or, Auxiliaries.

Week #3

02/02/2024

TEDTalk

I wanted to add this video first because it was the first thing we saw in class, and because it really caught my heart since I watched. It stays in my mind "what I would like my teacher to have in consideration when I was in high/school?". But now I'm thinking, what would my students want me to know in the future?

Activity

"Plan and present 2 activities of the topic."

Articles

https://es.educaplay.com/juego/17711610-sabiduria_animal.html#Educaplay

Froggy jumps

https://es.educaplay.com/recursos-educativos/17711713-articles_word_search.html

Word Search

press the "check" to access the link

INTONATION

• It deals with the pitch changes associated with utterances.
• For example, an utterance such as Melanie can be produced with different pitch trajectories depending on the meaning the speaker wants to convey.
• See the two examples presented below: the first utterance is produced with a falling pitch movement typical of a declarative intonation. The second pattern, on the other hand, shows a rising pitch trajectory more common in questions.

TYPES OF INTONATION

Rising intonation

It occurs when the voice rises in pitch at the end of a sentence, indicating a question or uncertainty.

Fall-Rise intonation

It occurs when the voice down in pitch and then rises again, indicating surprise or disbelief.

Falling intonation

It occurs when the voice fall in pitch at the end of a sentence, indicating a statement or command.

Week #4

09/02/2024

Activity

"Plan and present 2 activities of the topic."

Articles

https://es.educaplay.com/juego/17711610-sabiduria_animal.html#Educaplay

Froggy jumps

https://es.educaplay.com/recursos-educativos/17711713-articles_word_search.html

Word Search

press the "check" to access the link

TEDTalk

A medical student could be the smartest one, with the highest notes and be so amazing, that person might be able to relate the medical book from memory, but if in the real life an emergency happens, this student won’t be able to act, because they spent more time memorizing than do in. That’s what I think determination means. To know the theory but also, how to apply it.

Week #5

16/02/2024

Activity

"Plan and present 2 activities of the topic."

FALLING INTONATION

https://es.educaplay.com/recursos-educativos/17798074-sabiduria_animal.html

Froggy jumps

BAMBOOZLE

https://www.baamboozle.com/classic/2099567

press the "check" to access the link

TEDTalk

Now that I can see my nieces be happy going to school, it reminds myself, why I hated so much going to class. At the time my teachers were rude and they locked me out of motivation. But now I see my niece be so happy about school and learning. She is in everything: sports, photography, foreign languages, and she also has great notes. I'm happy for her, I'm happy she's happy. But I'm happy the most, because she's not living a hell as I did.

Week #6

23/02/2024

INTONATION

• It deals with the pitch changes associated with utterances.
• For example, an utterance such as Melanie can be produced with different pitch trajectories depending on the meaning the speaker wants to convey.
• See the two examples presented below: the first utterance is produced with a falling pitch movement typical of a declarative intonation. The second pattern, on the other hand, shows a rising pitch trajectory more common in questions.

TYPES OF INTONATION

Rising intonation

It occurs when the voice rises in pitch at the end of a sentence, indicating a question or uncertainty.

Fall-Rise intonation

It occurs when the voice down in pitch and then rises again, indicating surprise or disbelief.

Falling intonation

It occurs when the voice fall in pitch at the end of a sentence, indicating a statement or command.

Week #7

01/03/2024

Non-final intonation

• Non-final intonation is a pattern within a sentence that includes rising intonation followed by falling intonation in the same sentence.
• We use non-final intonation for unfinished thoughts, introductory words and phrases, with a series of words, and when expressing choices.

Week #8

08/03/2024

TYPES OF INTONATION

Non-final intonation

Rising intonation

Rising intonation

TYPES OF TONE

Down Tone

Up Tone

Giving information, most WH-questions

Yes/No questions, "uptalk"

Down-Down Tone

Down-Up Tone

Across Tone

Emotion, add emphasis

Reservation, more to say

Lists, short phrases

Activity

"Plan and present 2 activities of the topic."

Stressed and unstressed

https://es.educaplay.com/recursos-educativos/17798074-sabiduria_animal.html

Froggy jumps

https://kahoot.it/challenge/0688955?challenge-id=4f610d34-7b18-4405-befa-c76c9ec41be7_1709345234512

KAHOOT!

press the "check" to access the link

Week #9

15/03/2024

Week #10

22/03/2024

-front: the front of the tongue rises towards the front of the palate -back: the back of the tongue rises towards the back of the palate -central: the centre of the tongue rises towards the middle of the palate.