How Do Medications Work?
Start
How Do Medications Work?
Pharmacokinetics = What the BODY does to the medication.
Click here 1st!
Click here 2nd!
#1. Absorption
#2. Distribution
- How the medication passes into the blood stream
- Ways in which medications are transported
Drugs do NOT create new responses, but alter existing physiologic activity.
3. Metabolism
4. Excretion
- How the body breaks down the medication
- How the body gets rid of the medication
Click here 3rd!
Click here 4th!
Watch this video to learn more about drug absorption!
How Do Medications Work?
Pharmacokinetics = What the BODY does to the medication.
Click here 1st!
Click here 2nd!
#1. Absorption
#2. Distribution
- How the medication passes into the blood stream
- Ways in which medications are transported
Drugs do NOT create new responses, but alter existing physiologic activity.
3. Metabolism
4. Excretion
- How the body breaks down the medication
- How the body gets rid of the medication
Click here 3rd!
Click here 4th!
Pharmacodynamics:
What the medication does to the body.
Receptors
Enzymes
Hormones
Drug Interactions
Click on each picture for more information!
Allergic Reaction
- Patient has to be sensitized first.
- Mild to severe reactions.
- Occurs within seconds to day.
Watch
Drug Effects
01
02
Drug idosyncrasy
Drug Tolerance
+ info
+ info
03
04
Cumulative Effects
Toxic reactions
+ info
+ info
Pregnancy Categories
Eureka!
Keep going!
Medications can combine with enzymes to increase their effect...or decrease their effect. Watch the above video to learn about enzymes!
Excretion
- Kidneys are the primary organ of excretion
- Monitor the BUN and creatinine for renal function!
- What are some other sites you can think of?
- Half-life:
- Time for 50% of the medication to be eliminated from the body
Listen up!
Excretion
- Kidneys are the primary organ of excretion
- Monitor the BUN and creatinine for renal function!
- What are some other sites you can think of?
- Half-life:
- Time for 50% of the medication to be eliminated from the body
Listen up!
https://www.osmosis.org/learn/Hypersensitivity_reactions_-_Type_I:_Nursing
Watch the above video about allergic reactions!
Absorption
Factors that affect the rate of absorption: **Click on each factor to learn more!
1. Route
2. Blood flow
3. Solubility
4. Full vs. empty stomach
5. Pill coating
Watch
Cumulative Effect
- Increased risk with liver or kidney disease
- Body is unable to metabolize and excrete the dose before the next dose is given.
Watch the above video to learn how insulin is utilized in the body!
Metabolism
- Also known as biotransformation
- Process by which the body INACTIVATES the medication
- Primary site of metabolism = LIVER!
Listen
Drug Idosyncrasy
- Unusual, abnormal reaction to a medication
- Genetic links do exist
- Unpredictable
- Not dose related
Listen
Drug Interactions:
Action of one medication is altered by the action of another medication.
1. Additive effect: 1+1 = 2 2. Synergistic Effect: 1+1 > 2 3. Antagositic effect: One drug interferes with the action of another Pysical incompatibility: a. One drug is chemically incompatible with another drug. b. Haziness, precipitate, or change in color of the medication solution.
Play
Drug Tolerance
- Decreased response to the dose of a medication.
- Usually requires an increased dose of the medication to get the desired effect.
Distribution
- 2nd step in Pharmacokinetic system
- Distribution is the ability of the body to get the medication to its active site or site of action.
Metabolism
- Also known as biotransformation
- Process by which the body INACTIVATES the medication
- Primary site of metabolism = LIVER!
Listen
Toxic Reactions
- Most medications are capable of producing toxic or poisonous reactions if administered in LARGE doses.
- Cumulative effects of medications increase the risk for toxicity!
- Your drug guide will always provide you with symptoms related to drug toxicity!
Absorption
Factors that affect the rate of absorption: **Click on each factor to learn more!
1. Route
2. Blood flow
3. Solubility
4. Full vs. empty stomach
5. Pill coating
Watch
Medication Receptors
- Medications fit the cellular receptors as a key fits a lock.
- Affinity = medication with the best "fit" equals the greatest response.
- Decreased number of receptors = Increased free drug = NO INCREASED EFFECT!!
Listen Here!
Distribution
- 2nd step in Pharmacokinetic system
- Distribution is the ability of the body to get the medication to its active site or site of action.
How Do Medications Work
LISA JACKS
Created on January 29, 2024
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Transcript
How Do Medications Work?
Start
How Do Medications Work?
Pharmacokinetics = What the BODY does to the medication.
Click here 1st!
Click here 2nd!
#1. Absorption
#2. Distribution
Drugs do NOT create new responses, but alter existing physiologic activity.
3. Metabolism
4. Excretion
Click here 3rd!
Click here 4th!
Watch this video to learn more about drug absorption!
How Do Medications Work?
Pharmacokinetics = What the BODY does to the medication.
Click here 1st!
Click here 2nd!
#1. Absorption
#2. Distribution
Drugs do NOT create new responses, but alter existing physiologic activity.
3. Metabolism
4. Excretion
Click here 3rd!
Click here 4th!
Pharmacodynamics:
What the medication does to the body.
Receptors
Enzymes
Hormones
Drug Interactions
Click on each picture for more information!
Allergic Reaction
Watch
Drug Effects
01
02
Drug idosyncrasy
Drug Tolerance
+ info
+ info
03
04
Cumulative Effects
Toxic reactions
+ info
+ info
Pregnancy Categories
Eureka!
Keep going!
Medications can combine with enzymes to increase their effect...or decrease their effect. Watch the above video to learn about enzymes!
Excretion
Listen up!
Excretion
Listen up!
https://www.osmosis.org/learn/Hypersensitivity_reactions_-_Type_I:_Nursing
Watch the above video about allergic reactions!
Absorption
Factors that affect the rate of absorption: **Click on each factor to learn more!
1. Route
2. Blood flow
3. Solubility
4. Full vs. empty stomach
5. Pill coating
Watch
Cumulative Effect
Watch the above video to learn how insulin is utilized in the body!
Metabolism
Listen
Drug Idosyncrasy
Listen
Drug Interactions:
Action of one medication is altered by the action of another medication.
1. Additive effect: 1+1 = 2 2. Synergistic Effect: 1+1 > 2 3. Antagositic effect: One drug interferes with the action of another Pysical incompatibility: a. One drug is chemically incompatible with another drug. b. Haziness, precipitate, or change in color of the medication solution.
Play
Drug Tolerance
Distribution
Metabolism
Listen
Toxic Reactions
Absorption
Factors that affect the rate of absorption: **Click on each factor to learn more!
1. Route
2. Blood flow
3. Solubility
4. Full vs. empty stomach
5. Pill coating
Watch
Medication Receptors
Listen Here!
Distribution