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Learning Theories

Behaviorism

Major Characteristics

• Learning is dependent on interactons with environment
• Behavior are acquired through conditioning
• Observable -stimulus-response, conditioning process through reward/punishment
• The role of memory in Behaviorism theory it is stored in memory bank through repetative routines.
• Learning occurs through consequences of their actions
• Conditioning through rewards /reinforcements, reflected by change in behavior.
• Learning also happens by model behaviors.

Types of learning

1. Classical conditioning-
2. operant conditioning
3. Observational learning

Cognitivism

Major Characteristics

• Learning relies on both external factor and internal thought process
• It requires rational thought and active participation
• The role of memory in Cognitivism theory is absorving and stores information. in organize manner. It processing, recall and use information.
• Learning occurs through the acquisition of knowledge
• Make knowledge meaningful focus on developing memoery, thinking, problem solving.

Types of Learning

1. Require recall information from memory
2. Retrieval practice
3. Problem based learning

Constructivism

Major Characteristics

• Learner centered
• Centers on learner's experiences and engagement
• Comprehend and construct a new understanding
• The role of memory according to constructivism memories are only made if theirnmeaningful only then they're built.
• Learning occurs by actively participating
• Understanding must be internilize and reshape information
• Learner connects new learning with already existing knowledge

Types of Learning

1. Active learning through collaborstion/teamwork
2. Reviews, reflects on problem solving such as experiments

Learning Theories

Theorists Associated with Theories

Behaviorism

Cognitivism

Constructivism

• B F Skinner
• John B Watson
• Hull
• Thorndike

• Piaget
• Lewin
• Kohler
• Koffka

• Lev Vygotsky
• Jerome Brunen
• Jean Piaget