BATTERIES PRESENTATION

Primary Battery

unit 8: batteries

VIVIANA PIA MAURIELLO 5G

START

PRIMARY CELLS

DRY-CELL BATTERY

1.

3.

FUEL CELL

2.

BUTTON CELL

TYPES OF BATTERY

Batteries transform chemical energy into electricity. A battery consists of two or more cells connected together in a common container. All cells consist of a liquid paste, or solid electrolyte, a positive and a negative electrode

PRIMARY CELLS

Is a battery in which the chemicals cannot be reconstituted into their original form once it has been discharged. These are also called disposable batteries. DRY-CELL BATTERY The standard carbon-zinc dry cell is use today and is very similar to the original invention by French chemist Georges Leclanché in the 1860. The negative electrode are of zinc, while the positive electrode is a carbon rod. BUTTON CELL The original button cells were manufactured using mercuric oxide as a positive electrode. They are widely used in hearing aids, cameras and electric watches. FUEL CELL Unlike a battery which stores electrical energy chemically, fuel cells consume reactants which are supplied from outside. Fuel cell technology is being used in experiments by many car manufacturers who see it as an alternative to traditional systems.

SECONDARY CELLS

NICKEL-CADMIUM and LITHIUM-ION BATTERY CELLS

LEAD-ACID BATTERY

NICKEL-IRON BATTERY

2.

1.

3.

TYPES OF BATTERY

SECONDARY CELLS

SECONDARY CELLS (RECHARGEABLE CELLS) Are Batteries that can be recharged. The chemicals are restored to their original condition by passing an electric current through them in the opposite direction. LEAD-ACID BATTERY The lead-acid battery was invented in 1859 by the French physicist Gaston Planté and is the oldest type of rechargeable battery. It is used in vehicles. NICKEL-IRON BATTERY Was developed by Thomas Edison in the 1900s. This battery is principally used in heavy industries. Nowadays, most nickel-iron batteries are produced in China. NICKEL-CADMIUM and LITHIUM-ION BATTERY CELLS Nickel-cadmium batteries use cadmium for the anode. and produce about 1.15 V. Both applications are similar: cordless tools, camera phones, camcorders, laptops and other portable electronic devices.

FUEL CELLS: THE CLEAN OPTION

The first fuel cell was developed by William Grove in 1843. Fuel cells have been used in remote locations but there is every possibility that they will become much more common in the near future. The electrochemical reaction that generates electricity is a combination of oxygen and a fuel such as Hydrogen. There are many different types of fuel cell but the basic design of an anode and a cathode is the same for all of them. Each type requires particular materials. As fuel cells get smaller it is hoped that they will also be used in portable electronic devices such as laptops. However, no technology is perfect and fuel cells are no exception. The production, transportation, distribution and storage of hydrogen is difficult. They are also very expensive to produce and use expensive materials. Many people believe that these problems can be solved and that fuel cells offer a cleaner energy source than traditional methods.