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Early African Societies: Ancient Egypt

Jacque Harris

Created on January 19, 2024

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Transcript

Archaic Period & Old Kingdom

The New Kingdom

Middle Kingdom

2660-2160 BCE

1550-1070 BCE

2040-1640 BCE

The Great Pyramids

During the Old Kingdom (2,660- 2,160 BCE), the construction of massive pyramids as symbols of authority and divine status (while also serving as royal tombs) dominated the landscape. Another important development during the Old Kingdom period was the increasing complexity of relations with Nubia and the Kingdom of Kush to the south. Despite military clashes between Egypt and Nubia/Kush, the two states developed close trading and cultural links.

  • Construction of Great Pyramids
  • Complex trade relationships with Nubia/Kush
The Middle Kingdom

This period was marked by a general stability that was rapidly destroyed by the arrival of outside invaders, known as the Hyksos, in the 1670’s BCE.

Hyksos

  • Military Superiority
  • Technological Superiority
  • Bronze Weapons
  • Bronze Arrows
The New Kingdom

the pharaohs sought to extend their power through imperialism (military conquest). A driving force behind Egyptian imperialism was the acquisition of new lands to serve as a buffer zone from potential invaders. Tuthmosis III, for example, led Egyptian armies into Palestine and Syria.

  • Prosperous Agricultural Power
  • Strong Army
  • Efficient Bureaucracy