CalWorks Income Trainer 08.2023 360

CalWORKs Income

Introduction

In CalWORKs, as with CalFresh and Medi-Cal, income is assessed to determine its applicability. We will cover...

• The income used to calculate benefits.
• The income that can be reasonably anticipated for the SAR Period or the ARCO period.

Reminders

SSI/SSP

SSI/SSP Title XVI:

SSI - Offers a minimum subsistence payment to permanently disabled, blind, or aged individuals who are not expected to be self-sufficient due to their disability or age. The payment is based on financial need and the condition is considered unlikely to improve.

SSP - Provides a supplemental cash payment to eligible California SSI recipients for food expenses. This program assists individuals who are not eligible for benefits from SSA Retirement, Survivors, or Disability due to a lack of qualifying work history.

SSI/SSP Title XVI:

SSP - Provides a supplemental cash payment to eligible California SSI recipients for food expenses. This program assists individuals who are not eligible for benefits from SSA Retirement, Survivors, or Disability due to a lack of qualifying work history.

SSI - Offers a minimum subsistence payment to permanently disabled, blind, or aged individuals who are not expected to be self-sufficient due to their disability or age. The payment is based on financial need and the condition is considered unlikely to improve.

SSP - Provides a supplemental cash payment to eligible California SSI recipients for food expenses. This program assists individuals who are not eligible for benefits from SSA Retirement, Survivors, or Disability due to a lack of qualifying work history.

State Disability (SDI/DIB)

State Disability Insurance

Also known as SDI or DIB (Disability Insurance Benefit)

Benefit provided by the State

Unemployment Insurance Codes for those temporarily out of work due to a temporary disability.

Also known as SDI or DIB (Disability Insurance Benefit)

Benefit provided by the State

State Disability Insurance

Unemployment Insurance Codes for those temporarily out of work due to a temporary disability.

Potentially Available Income (PAI)

• In CalWORKs, like Medi-Cal, a client must take all necessary steps to obtain any income they are potentially entitled to receive.

• In CalFresh, this is not required.

PAI may be:

• Unemployment Benefits
• Social Security Benefits (except SSI/SSP)
• State Disability Benefits
• Military Benefits
• Workers Compensation Benefits
• Insurance Benefits
• Retirement Benefits
• Debts owed to the client

UIB Referral / MEDS

• If your client is potentially eligible for or receiving UIB, you can access this information on the MEDS system.

• An EW How-To is in your CalWORKs Handbook.

Unemployment Benefits Penalties

If at Application

If at Application

Mandatory AU Member (WTW registered) Fails to apply for UIB or Fails to accept UIB

Optional AU Member (WTW Registered) Fails to apply for UIB or Fails to accept UIB

THEN

THEN

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Budgeting Methods

In CalWORKs we have 2 budgeting methods. 1. SAR -Semi-Annual Reporting/Prospective Budgeting 2. AR/CO -Annual Reporting/Child Only, also Prospective Budgeting.

RAI

• Only income that can be reasonably anticipated will be used to prospectively determine income eligibility and benefit level.

• SAR Reporting: What income can be reasonably expected during the upcoming SAR Payment Period.

• AR/CO: What income can be reasonably expected during the upcoming annual period

Types of Income

There are 3 different types of income in CalWORKs

Earned Income(including self employment income)

Disability Based Income

Unearned Income

It is important to know that they are Budgeted Differently

•Earned Income(including self employment income) •Unearned Income •Disability Based Income

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Earned Income

Received from Employment

• Salaries/Wages

• Self Employment (review handbook)

• Tips

• Commissions

• Jury Duty

• Workforce Investment Act (WIA) earnings of an adult

Unearned Income

Income that is not earned income or disability-based income

• Unemployment benefits
• SSA Retirement or SSA Survivor benefits
• Permanent Workers Compensation
• Veteran’s benefits
• Out of State Public Assistance
• Child support/alimony
• Retirement pension
• Interest/dividends
• Winnings from gambling
• Rental Income (minus allowable deductions)

Worker’s Compensation – Permanent

Permanent Worker’s Compensation generally pays on a semi-monthly basis.

A one-time payment of Permanent Worker’s Compensation is considered a lump sum and used as a resource in the month received.

Somone injured on the job/suffers from a job-related illness that is classified as “permanent and stationary” is paid Permanent Worker’s Compensation.

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Strengths

Permanent Worker’s Compensation generally pays on a semi-monthly basis.

A one-time payment of Permanent Worker’s Compensation is considered a lump sum and used as a resource in the month received.

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Somone injured on the job/suffers from a job-related illness that is classified as “permanent and stationary” is paid Permanent Worker’s Compensation.

Veterans Benefits

• Types of benefits:
• Pensions
• Medical care
• Educational benefits
• Death benefits

*Exception: Disability Compensation - Disability Based Income

Disability Based Income

Based on a disability

• SSA Disability
• State Disability (SDI/DIB)
• Private disability insurance
• Temporary Workers Compensation (TWC)
• Temporary Disability Indemnity (TDI) benefits
• Paid Family Leave through EDD
• Veteran’s Disability Compensation (VDC)

Temporary Worker’s Compensation

The TWC recipient’s injury is considered temporary while the treating physician believes his/her condition may improve.

Temporary Worker’s Compensation is paid for temporary partial or total disability arising from a work-related injury.

Persons who have applied for Worker’s Comp may be eligible to SDI while their claim is pending.

Ongoing TWC payments are paid semi-monthly.

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Temporary Worker’s Compensation is paid for temporary partial or total disability arising from a work-related injury.

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Ongoing TWC payments are paid semi-monthly.

The TWC recipient’s injury is considered temporary while the treating physician believes his/her condition may improve.

Persons who have applied for Worker’s Comp may be eligible to SDI while their claim is pending.

Pay attention to the type; may be Unearned or Disability Based:

Social Security Retirement and Survivors benefits are treated as “unearned income.”

Social Security Disability is treated as “disability-based income.”

Exempt Income

SSI

SSI are individuals who are:

•Permanently disabled •Blind •65 or older

Do not use any income of an SSI person in CalWORKs.

Do not use any income of an SSI person in CalWORKs.

•Permanently disabled •Blind •65 or older

SSI are individuals who are:

Do not use any income of an SSI person in CalWORKs.

SSI/SSP

A person who begins receiving SSI/SSP is discontinued at the end of the current payment period.

Receipt of SSI/SSP must be reported on the SAR 7.

A person who begins receiving SSI/SSP is discontinued at the end of the current payment period.

Receipt of SSI/SSP must be reported on the SAR 7.

Gift and Irregular Income

Income which is received too infrequently to be reasonably anticipated for the payment period is exempt.

Reasonably anticipated means the amount of the income and the month it is expected is known.

If the income can be reasonably anticipated to be received by the AU, the income is unearned income.

If the income can be reasonably anticipated to be received by the AU, the income is unearned income.

Reasonably anticipated means the amount of the income and the month it is expected is known.

Income which is received too infrequently to be reasonably anticipated for the payment period is exempt.

Example:

Gift and Irregular IncomeUnearned Income

An AU calls to report that she received a $50.00 gift in June. The payment period is June through November.

She calls again and reports in July that she received $25 in July as a birthday gift. She does not expect to continue to receive any gifts in the next payment period and understands to report the receipt of the money on her SAR 7 due in November.

When the SAR 7 is received, the EW determines that this income cannot be reasonably anticipated to be received in the next payment period based on client’s statement, and none of the income is used.

College Work StudyExempt Income

• Earned income from any college work study program is exempt.
• San Joaquin Delta College codes all work study income on the student’s paycheck as “CWS”.
• The CWS code is located under the Earnings field.
• Check stubs from Delta College for regular earnings are not coded.

Educational IncomeExcluded or Unearned

Student loans or grants made under Federal Title IV of the Higher Education Act or the Bureau of Indian Affairs are excluded as income.

•For a complete listing of exempt Title IV/BIA grants/loans, see K-19 in the CW HDBK.

Grants insured by any program administered by the Federal Secretary of Education are excluded as income.

Educational grants awarded on the basis of the student’s need are excluded as income. (verification required from the Financial Aid Office).

Even though they may be exempt, clients must provide verification of educational income and report it on their SAR 7.

Educational Income

Other educational grants are excluded as income only to the extent that the money is used to meet educational expenses.This rule applies to loans and grants made under the Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology Act.Exclude the portion of the grant used for the following:

• Fees
• Tuitions
• Books/supplies
• Special clothing
• Child care necessary for school attendance
• Transportation to and from school
• Verification is required

A bona fide loan is exempt as income regardless of the source or purpose of the loan. To qualify as a bona fide loan the following criteria must be met:

• There is a written agreement signed and dated by the applicant/recipient and the lender with a clearly defined obligation to repay the funds

and

• There is a repayment plan providing an installment plan to continue on a regular basis until the loan is fully repaid.

Loans

Loans

Loans

Client must submit loan contract papers or a written agreement which:

• Sets forth the amount of the loan and its repayment plan

and

• Is signed by the lender and the client.

Loans that do not meet this criteria are exempt as income, but are treated as property in the month received

Death Benefits Unearned or Property

One time/nonrecurring death benefits received by the deceased’s beneficiary, either life insurance or burial payments, are considered lump sum property in the month received.

Deduct any verified funeral, cremation or burial expense to determine the lump sum value.

If the benefit is recurring, the income is used as unearned income after deducting the cost of the funeral, cremation, or burial. Verification is required.

General AssistanceExcluded

• If the applicant receives General Assistance during the same month they receive CalWORKs (the first month of cash aid, they also received their last GA payment), the GA payment is excluded.

• General Assistance is a loan and the recipient signs an agreement to repay.

Student Earnings

Deductions

Self Employment Deduction

Self employed individuals have the choice of using:

•The standard deduction of 40% of their gross income, or •A reasonable amount of verified self-employment expenses. •Once the client chooses which method of deduction, it cannot be changed until the next renewal, or every six months, whichever comes first.

Self Employment Expenses that are not allowed:

• Lunches
• Entertainment
• Transportation to and from work
• Depreciation
• Purchase of capital equipment, tools and durable goods
• Principal payments on a loan for purchase of capital assets/equipment or durable goods
• Income tax payments

State Disability

We do not allow deductions for:

• Child/spousal support payments that are garnished from the SDI/DIB check
• Reduction due to personal debts or garnishments.

Veterans Benefits Deductions

Remember

Treat

Use

•Use the net income if a required expense is being deducted from the veteran’s benefit, i.e. mandatory income taxes, other required expenses.

•Remember: Treat Veterans Disability Compensation Benefits (VDC) as Disability – based unearned income.

UIB Deductions

EDD may deduct money from an individuals check for required expenses. In that instance, use the net income amount when determining benefits. Examples are;

• Required income tax payments deducted directly from benefit, regardless of whether the individual has the option to have the taxes deducted.
• Overpayment adjustments due to overpayment of UIB.
• Mandatory Medicare deductions.
• Attorney fee deductions required in order to receive the income benefit.

UIB Deductions

If EDD is deducting child/spousal support payments from an individual’s benefit amount (intercepted by DCSS), use the gross amount when determining benefits.

Use the gross amount if the individual has their UIB benefit being reduced due to personal debts or garnishments.

Social Security Benefits Deductions

Social Security may deduct money from an individual’s check for required expenses. If that happens, use the net benefit amount. Examples are:

• Overpayment adjustment deduction
• Mandatory Medicare deduction
• Attorney fees required in order to receive the benefit

Social Security Benefits Deductions

If Social Security is deducting child/spousal support payments from the benefit, you will use the gross amount of the benefit.

Use the gross amount of the benefit if there is a reduction due to personal debts or garnishments.

Same as UIB

Use the gross amount of the benefit if there is a reduction due to personal debts or garnishments.

If Social Security is deducting child/spousal support payments from the benefit, you will use the gross amount of the benefit.

Social Security BenefitsDeductions

Social Security Retirement and Social Security Survivors benefits are unearned income.

There is no deduction allowed against this income. It is used $ for $ against the grant.

Social Security Disability is “disability-based income,” and we apply the $600 income disregard per family.

Social Security Retirement and Social Security Survivors benefits are unearned income.

Subtitle

There is no deduction allowed against this income. It is used $ for $ against the grant.

Social Security Disability is “disability-based income,” and we apply the $600 income disregard per family.

Exercises

Exercise #1

Exercise #2

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Exercise #3

Exercise #4

Child Support

Child support payments may be:

• Made directly to the State Disbursement Unit (SDU) by the absent parent

• Made Directly to the SDU by the absent parent’s employer

• Received Directly by the parent/caretaker and turned over to DCSS or SDU

Note: Failure to turn over direct support payments, without good cause, results in a penalty of a 25% reduction in the AU’s grant.

Child Support Income

Considerations At Application

Use child support as unearned income, less the disregard. Give/mail the SJ 275 advising the AU to turn over the child support to DCSS.

If client turns over support to DCSS or SDU then:

• Verify support recieved
• Supplement the month(s) of aid i.e., delete the prospectively budgeted income.

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Not Turned Over

If the next payment is not turned over to DCSS:

• Follow the good cause procedure on HB pg. I-11 through I-14 if good cause is claimed.
• If good cause not claimed, then impose the penalty of a 25% reduction in the AU’s computed grant.
• Direct child support payment are countable unearned income. Allow the disregard and use the remaining amount.

Disregard

The current child support pass-through and disregard amount:

2) $200 for a family with two or more children living in the home.

1) $100 for a family with one child living in the home, and

This amount will be disregarded as income when determining CW eligibility with remainder counted dollar-for-dollar against the cash grant.

The current child support pass-through and disregard amount:

1) $100 for a family with one child living in the home, and

2) $200 for a family with two or more children living in the home.

This amount will be disregarded as income when determining CW eligibility with remainder counted dollar-for-dollar against the cash grant.

Disregard Aid Codes

The new disregard amounts also apply to Safety Net cases with a K1 or 3F aid code.

•Note: K1/3F cases remain exempt from being required to assign child support rights, and cooperation with Local Child Support Agencies (LCSAs).

The child support disregard payment verification is found in CalSAWS on the child support collections screen for some aid codes.

Child Support Exempt Aid Codes K1/3F

Child-Only Safety Net aid codes K1 and 3F were established for cases which the adult(s) in the home are unaided for the following reasons:

• Fleeing Felon
• Timed Out

• Child-Only

CW Cases that fall under the safety net aid codes are all Annual Reporting/Child Only (AR/CO cases).

Child Support Exempt Aid Codes K1/3F

K1/3F cases that already have an existing, open case with DCSS/LCSA will continue to receive child support collection services.

Any child support collected will be passed through directly to the CW family and not retained to reimburse time on aid.

Time on aid will no longer “untick” with each month of aid reimbursed by child support.

• New applicants being place into the K1/3F aid codes and families who have not yet opened a child support case will not receive services from the LCSAs unless they go to the LCSA and voluntarily request child support services.

• A $25 fee may be charged for child support administration services for families who have never received public assistance.

Exempt Aid Codes K1/3F

• Applicants and Recipients will have the option to exclude the half/step siblings from consideration in the MAP for the AU in order to keep the full child support payments made on behalf of that child if ALL apply:

• The half/step sibling lives with at least one eligible child included in the AU Map
• They are the child for whom child support payments are received
• The amount of child support received for that child each month is greater than the case aid amount for that child
• The parent/caretaker relative requests in writing that the child be excluded

Excluding Half/Step-Siblings SB 380

K1/3F families are also eligible to opt out half-siblings & stepsiblings

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Excluding Half/Step-Siblings

SB 380 excluded child's needs (not income and resources) are considered for the MBSAC but removed from consideration in determining the AU’s MAP amount.

The child will be considered CW eligible for the purposes of all other programs and services (i.e., CalFresh, Medi-Cal, Child Care, Special Needs, etc.), as long as all other eligibility conditions are met.

Child Support Income Excluding Half/Step-Siblings

Effect on Cal Fresh:

Opting a child out of the CW MAP due to receipt of child support does not change eligibility standards for the CalFresh (CF) program.

Child support payments received on behalf of an eligible household member(s) will be treated as unearned income when determining CF eligibility and benefit amounts.

CalFresh benefits may decrease if a child is opted out of the CW AU under SB 380 and full child support benefits are received by the household.

Income In Kind

This amount will be disregarded as income when determining CW eligibility with remainder counted dollar-for-dollar against the cash grant.

Income-In-Kind

An item of need that is provided to the assistance unit for free or in exchange for work is called income-in-kind (IIK) and is assigned a monetary value.

• Housing
• Utilities
• Food
• Clothing

A need item is one of the following:

Example: Sanctioned Mom, Dad, and child. Use the IIK level for two.

For families which include a penalized or sanctioned person, compute the IIK amount based on the number of persons whose needs are included in the AU MAP.

Not considered as IIK

• Partial items of need.
• Need items provided on a temporary basis by a private, non-profit organization.
• Free room & board that is not anticipated to last more than one month.
• Need items exchanged between the AU and a UAM.
• Need items provided by a recipient of CalWORKs, RCA, SSI/SSP or IHSS.

Use the income-in-kind amount that is the lesser of:

• The chart value from the SJ 116, or

• The actual value as verified by the AU.

• When the actual value cannot be verified, use the chart value.

Earned Income-In-Kind

• When an AU member works in exchange for a full item of need, use the lesser of the verified actual value or the chart amount.

• Earned partial items of need are not counted.

Shared Items

If a need item is shared with someone outside the AU, use:

• The prorated share of the value of the item for persons whose needs are considered in the AU,

or

• The IIK chart value for the number of persons whose needs are included in the AU.

A family of three whose needs are included in the AU shares free rent with another person, making a household of four. The value of the rent is $120.

• The value of the IIK for the AU members is $90 ($120 ÷ 4 = $30 X 3 = $90).

Example

Exercises

Determine the Income-In-Kind amount that would be used as income

Income-In-Kind Exercises

Income-In-Kind Exercises

Other Types of Income

Lump Sum Payments

• Lump sum payments are treated as property in the month of receipt and any subsequent months.

• “Lump sum,” is a payment received by the family that is not recurring regular income and is usually non-recurring in regard to amount and/or source.

• Property is evaluated once per semi-annual period as reported on the SAR7.

Senior Parent Income

Minor parent = father, mother, or pregnant woman who is married or unmarried and is less than 18 years old.

Senior parent = natural or adoptive parent of a minor parent when the minor parent receives aid for his/her child, or the parent of a minor pregnant woman.

We use the reasonably anticipated income of the senior parent living in the same home to determine eligibility and benefit level for the minor parent’s AU.

Unrelated Adults

• An unrelated adult who lives with a cash aid applicant/recipient must help pay each month for living expenses.

• The amount of money they pay must be at least as much as it would cost them to live by themself. The state has rules for deciding how much this should be.

• The overall intent of the unrelated adult regulations is that others living with a CalWORKs family must not be supported by the cash grant.

• The UA Minimum Contribution can be found at the bottom of the SJ 116, Cash Aid Budgeting Guide.

• If there is evidence that the unrelated adults are being supported by the cash grant, follow the misuse of CalWORKs funds process.

CW 71

Unrelated Adult Male Example

If Connie’s male friend, Richard, moves in with her and her children, he is a UAM.

Because Richard is a UAM, Connie is required to complete and sign the CW 71.

Failure to due so will result in denial or discontinuance of the entire AU.

Richard is also required to sign the CW71.

If he fails to sign or his contribution is insufficient to meet his needs, follow the misuse of CalWORKs funds on J-5 of the CalWORKs handbook.

UA/UAM Misuse of CalWORKs Funds

If the UA/UAM will not sign the CW 71, or their income is insufficient to meet their own needs, follow these steps.

1. Explain to the client the UA/UAM requirements and possible referral to the District Attorney.
2. If there is still no cooperation: Send caretaker SJ 922 regarding misuse of CalWORKS funds. Scan copy to case.
3. Establish a task setting deadline for 30 days.
4. If the situation is resolved, complete the UA/UAM process. Document case journal. STOP.
5. If the situation is not resolved in 30 days, complete a referral to the Impact Unit for, "UA/UAM situation-possible misuse of CalWORKS funds."

If the UA/UAM will not sign the CW 71, or their income is insufficient to meet their own needs, follow these steps.

A stepparent is a person who is married to the parent of a child and is not that child’s natural parent.This includes same sex spouses who were married:

• between 6-16-2008 and 11-4-2008
• On or after 6-13-2013
• In another state if valid in that state at the time of the marriage.
• The stepparent is considered a Non-AU family member and their income is used to determine the net nonexempt income to the AU.
• If a stepparent adopts their spouses' child, then they are treated as a parent.

Stepparent Income

Stepparent Income

A stepparent may be included in the AU as an Optional Person if:

• They are the stepparent of an eligible child, or
• They are the stepparent to a child receiving SSI/SSP or is sanctioned by WTW, but would have otherwise been an eligible child.

Stepparent Income

A stepparent must be included in the AU if they are:

• The second natural parent of an eligible child, or
• The Stepparents are caretakers of their separate children and both are requesting aid for their separate children.

Registered Domestic Partners

Registered Domestic Partners (RDPs) are treated as stepparents, including after the relationship is terminated by death of the parent or dissolution of the domestic partnership.

As a stepparent the RDP may choose to be included in the AU as an optional person or they may choose to be excluded.

Registered Domestic Partners Budgeting

If the RDP chooses not to receive CalWORKs;

•Needs are included in the MBSAC/Family Map if they have countable income. •Needs are not included in the MBSAC/Family Map if they do not have countable income.

If the RDP chooses to receive CalWORKs:

•Needs are included in the MBSAC/Family Map whether or not they have countable income. •Their income is counted.

Verification of RDP

A notarized Declaration of Domestic Partnership signed by both partners and filed with the Secretary of State is required for proof of RDP.

Aided RDP individuals are subject to the same WTW requirements and exemptions as other CalWORKs recipients.

Aid code 3S is used to identify individuals who qualify for CalWORKs but do not qualify for cash linked Medi-Cal.

SAR/PB Computing Income

FACTOR IF:

• Income will be received weekly or bi-weekly.

• Number of payments is consistent with frequency selected.

• Client is expecting to have the same fluctuation in the amount of each payment in the next payment period, income is considered RAI.

SAR/PB Computing Income

DO NOT FACTOR IF:

• Income will not be received in the same frequency throughout the upcoming payment period.

• Income received monthly or semi-monthly is not factored.

• When income is not factored the actual amount of income is used for each month in the payment period.

EXERCISES: Include or Exclude

• For the following exercises on Semi-Annual Reporting (SAR) and Prospective Budgeting (PB), refer to your handout for a listing of countable or exempt income.

SAR/PB Computing IncomeExercise

SAR/PB Computing IncomeExercise

SAR/PB Computing IncomeExercise

SAR/PB Computing IncomeExercise

SAR/PB Computing IncomeExercise

SAR/PB Computing IncomeExercise

SAR/PB Computing IncomeExercise

Thank You

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Threats

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Deny entire AU

Opportunities

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Weaknesses

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Deny or Discontinue the Optional Member Only

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Strengths

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Weaknesses

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Opportunities

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Gross vs Net

Gross income is before deductions, net income is after deductions. We usually use the Gross income in our budgets.

Social Security

• Survivors
• Retirement
• Disability

Threats

Contextualize your topic

• Plan the structure of your communication.
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