The evolution of
CORAL REEFS
Constança Serra nº6 and Luísa Coimbra nº16 - 11ºH
INDEX
1. What are coral reefs?
6. Curiosity
2. The Great Barrier Reef
7. Conclusion
3. National Sea Simulator
8. Video
4. Marine World Pontoon
9. Webgraphy
5. The Mangroves
What are coral reefs?
and some history...
1. Coral reefs are...
living massive structures made of limestone deposited by coral polyps, that provide a ecosystem so vast that they are considered the tropical forest of the sea.
Our planet surface is covered by water at 70%.
Coral reefs are around 2% of our oceans floor and home to around 25% of the sea life.
Coral reefs give us protection for our shorelines from storms and erosion and provide us reveneu through food and tourism.
The Great Barrier Reef
The world's largest coral reef, located along the north coast of Australia.
GREAT BARRIER REEF
Is a system of 3 000 individual coral reefs spanning 1 400 miles, in Australia. It makes up 10% of the Earth's coral reef system.
THE GREAT BARRIER REEF HISTORY
Origin...
Where now is the Great Barrier Reef there was two mountains and a big river between them. About 10 000 years ago, the last ice age ended and with that the sea level rose covering a big part of the land, including the two mountains. This was caused by the melting of the ice. About 6 000 years ago it reached its present level. With that the corals started to grow on top of the submerged mountains.
CORAL REEFS ARE DYING...
After a long and healthy life of 25 million years, the coral reefs in this area are dying. Since 1995 half of it is already gone.
National Sea Simulator
NATIONAL SEA SIMULATOR
In Queensland, Australia, is the world's most technologically advanced research aquarium created by scientists and researchers. It's run by the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) which aims to study the environment under water.
AN ONGOING SEARCH
Possible simulated futures
Increased temperatures
Global warming
- The main cause of this increase is the global warming wich is caused by humans actions.
- The humans actions have directly consequences to the coral reefs.
- Just like we were able to destroy it, maybe we can help save it.
- When they are two degrees above the summer temperatures, the coral become stressed and can no longer feed the algae.
- The algae dies leaving behind a barren exoskeleton of bleached coral.
- The organisms and fish that depend on the corals dissaper and soon the entire ecosystem too.
At the research aquarium the scientists simulate and imagine different projections of possible futures with small coral reefs so they can understand it and then maybe be able to find solutions.
CORAL SEEDING METHOD
· Last year with this method they achived a 25% survival rate.
· This method is runned by the National Sea Simulator scientists.
· Scientists and researchers appeal to the people that are going on holidays to places with coral reefs to find there a citizen science project, where they can make observations and then report the things that they saw while they were snorkeling.
· Coral seeding is a toll kit that helps the corals recover.
· It's just like if we would sow seeds into a forest that needs recovering, we sow corals onto the reefs.
Marine World Pontoon
MARINE WORLD PONTOON
How it works?
Technique
Location
They use pieces of steel bar covered in sand our limestone, on them pieces of corals are attached. Finally they put them down into the water to restore damaged areas.
Reef stars is the name of the technique developed by Mars the chocolate bars company, 10 years ago.
In Cairns, Australia, about 17 miles out to the sea.
The Mangroves
MANGROVES FOREST
Still in Cairns, where the water meets the land is the Mangroves forest . The Great Barrier Reef relay on this forest to function properly, but unfortunately this trees are also threatened.
THE CURRENT HEALTH SITUATION OF THE MANGROVES
The pollution that affects directly the forest it also affects directly the Great Barrier Reef.
With this ability the Mangroves play an important role in maintaining the ecosystem balanced.
Man-made effects are the main cause of this forest destruction.
Such as, replace this areas for car parks.
This trees absorb more than 20% of CO2 then the normal trees.
HOW CAN HUMANS HELP?
Two basic tipes of help:
PROTECTIVE
RESTORATIVE
More targeted to scientists and researchers:
More targeted to citizens:
1. Replant corals
1. Not polluting
2. Repopulate more resiliante corals
2. Being aware of where your sea food is coming from
3. Help heal areas so they can be healthy again
3. Reducing our CO2 foot print
Curiosity
Reefworld - Cruise Whitsundays
REEFWORLD -CRUISE WHITSUNDAYS
REEFSLEEP
REEFSUITES
- Bedrooms about 4 metres down the water level.
- The most beautiful view to the reef.
- A different type of accomodation.
- Tents on the pontoon's deck.
CONCLUSION
Precautions and actions are being made to secure the health of the Great Barrier Reef, but like all the Earth's oceans and coral reefs, it remains under constant threat of climate changes, pollution and over fishing. We have the ability to define their future. "WE CAN REPAIR WHAT NOW SEEMS INEVITABLE."
VIDEO
WEBOGRAPHY
Fonts used:
- "Down to Earth with Zac Efron" - Season 2, episode "Great barrier of corals" - Netflix (main source);
- https://www.aims.gov.au/research-topics/monitoring-and-discovery/monitoring-great-barrier-reef - Australian Institute of Marine Science;
- https://www.cruisewhitsundays.com - Reefworld Cruise Whitsundays.
THANK YOU!
English - 2023/2024
REEFWORLD -CRUISE WHITSUNDAYS
It's a floating three-story pontoon located in Harley Reef, where as accomodation for tourists - two reefsuites and reefsleep - and snorkeling as the main activity.
Reefsleep Prices
Seasim room - National Sea Simulator
Erosion, storms and shorelines
Food
Tourism
Reefsuites Prices
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Transcript
The evolution of
CORAL REEFS
Constança Serra nº6 and Luísa Coimbra nº16 - 11ºH
INDEX
1. What are coral reefs?
6. Curiosity
2. The Great Barrier Reef
7. Conclusion
3. National Sea Simulator
8. Video
4. Marine World Pontoon
9. Webgraphy
5. The Mangroves
What are coral reefs?
and some history...
1. Coral reefs are...
living massive structures made of limestone deposited by coral polyps, that provide a ecosystem so vast that they are considered the tropical forest of the sea.
Our planet surface is covered by water at 70%.
Coral reefs are around 2% of our oceans floor and home to around 25% of the sea life.
Coral reefs give us protection for our shorelines from storms and erosion and provide us reveneu through food and tourism.
The Great Barrier Reef
The world's largest coral reef, located along the north coast of Australia.
GREAT BARRIER REEF
Is a system of 3 000 individual coral reefs spanning 1 400 miles, in Australia. It makes up 10% of the Earth's coral reef system.
THE GREAT BARRIER REEF HISTORY
Origin...
Where now is the Great Barrier Reef there was two mountains and a big river between them. About 10 000 years ago, the last ice age ended and with that the sea level rose covering a big part of the land, including the two mountains. This was caused by the melting of the ice. About 6 000 years ago it reached its present level. With that the corals started to grow on top of the submerged mountains.
CORAL REEFS ARE DYING...
After a long and healthy life of 25 million years, the coral reefs in this area are dying. Since 1995 half of it is already gone.
National Sea Simulator
NATIONAL SEA SIMULATOR
In Queensland, Australia, is the world's most technologically advanced research aquarium created by scientists and researchers. It's run by the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) which aims to study the environment under water.
AN ONGOING SEARCH
Possible simulated futures
Increased temperatures
Global warming
At the research aquarium the scientists simulate and imagine different projections of possible futures with small coral reefs so they can understand it and then maybe be able to find solutions.
CORAL SEEDING METHOD
· Last year with this method they achived a 25% survival rate.
· This method is runned by the National Sea Simulator scientists.
· Scientists and researchers appeal to the people that are going on holidays to places with coral reefs to find there a citizen science project, where they can make observations and then report the things that they saw while they were snorkeling.
· Coral seeding is a toll kit that helps the corals recover.
· It's just like if we would sow seeds into a forest that needs recovering, we sow corals onto the reefs.
Marine World Pontoon
MARINE WORLD PONTOON
How it works?
Technique
Location
They use pieces of steel bar covered in sand our limestone, on them pieces of corals are attached. Finally they put them down into the water to restore damaged areas.
Reef stars is the name of the technique developed by Mars the chocolate bars company, 10 years ago.
In Cairns, Australia, about 17 miles out to the sea.
The Mangroves
MANGROVES FOREST
Still in Cairns, where the water meets the land is the Mangroves forest . The Great Barrier Reef relay on this forest to function properly, but unfortunately this trees are also threatened.
THE CURRENT HEALTH SITUATION OF THE MANGROVES
The pollution that affects directly the forest it also affects directly the Great Barrier Reef.
With this ability the Mangroves play an important role in maintaining the ecosystem balanced.
Man-made effects are the main cause of this forest destruction.
Such as, replace this areas for car parks.
This trees absorb more than 20% of CO2 then the normal trees.
HOW CAN HUMANS HELP?
Two basic tipes of help:
PROTECTIVE
RESTORATIVE
More targeted to scientists and researchers:
More targeted to citizens:
1. Replant corals
1. Not polluting
2. Repopulate more resiliante corals
2. Being aware of where your sea food is coming from
3. Help heal areas so they can be healthy again
3. Reducing our CO2 foot print
Curiosity
Reefworld - Cruise Whitsundays
REEFWORLD -CRUISE WHITSUNDAYS
REEFSLEEP
REEFSUITES
CONCLUSION
Precautions and actions are being made to secure the health of the Great Barrier Reef, but like all the Earth's oceans and coral reefs, it remains under constant threat of climate changes, pollution and over fishing. We have the ability to define their future. "WE CAN REPAIR WHAT NOW SEEMS INEVITABLE."
VIDEO
WEBOGRAPHY
Fonts used:
THANK YOU!
English - 2023/2024
REEFWORLD -CRUISE WHITSUNDAYS
It's a floating three-story pontoon located in Harley Reef, where as accomodation for tourists - two reefsuites and reefsleep - and snorkeling as the main activity.
Reefsleep Prices
Seasim room - National Sea Simulator
Erosion, storms and shorelines
Food
Tourism
Reefsuites Prices