infographic (Tenses)

INFOGRAPHIC ABOUT VERB TENSES

Past Simple

Used to

Past Perfect Simple

Past Continuous

Present Perfect Simple

Present Perfect Continuous

Present Continuous

Present Simple

Be going to

Future Perfect

Future Continuous

Future Simple

LAURA EZEASOR DIAZ

• USE:
• For intentions and plans we have made.
• For predictions based on evidence.

• STRUCTURE:
• AFFIRMATIVE: subject + to be + going to + infinitive + complements
• NEGATIVE: subject + to be not + going to + infinitive + complements
• INTERROGATIVE: to be + subject + going to + infinitive + complements

• EXAMPLES:
• AFFIRMATIVE: i´m going to buy a second-hand device.
• NEGATIVE: Iris is not going to meet her host.
• INTERROGATIVE: Are you going to unfollow Sara on Instagram?

• USE: for permanent situations, routines, states or facts and timetables.

• STRUCTURE:
• AFFIRMATIVE:subject+ infinitive verb (except in the 3ª person singular, when we add -s) + complements.
• NEGATIVE: subject + don´t/doesn´t (3º ps) + infinitive verb + complements.
• INTERROGATIVE: Do/Does (3º PS)+subject + infinitive verb + complements?

• EXAMPLES:
• AFFIRMATIVE: Affects me to be close to you.
• NEGATIVE: He doesn´t criticize anyone in class.
• INTERROGATIVE: Do you consider the note is enough?

• USE: for an action in progress before another action or before a point of time in the past.

• STRUCTURE:
• AFFIRMATIVE: subject + had + past participle + complements
• NEGATIVE: subject + had not + past participle + complements
• INTERROGATIVE: had + subject + past participle + complements?

• EXAMPLES:
• AFFIRMATIVE: By the time we uploaded the file, the deadline had already passed.
• NEGATIVE: They hadn´t responded with their work.
• INTERROGATIVE: Had he hung up the call when Ana came to answer?

• USE: for temporary actions happening at or around the moment of speaking.

• STRUCTURE:
• AFFIRMATIVE: subject + be + verb -ing + complements
• NEGATIVE: subject + be not + verb -ing + complements
• INTERROGATIVE: be + subject + verb -ing + complements?

• EXAMPLES:
• AFFIRMATIVE: I´m making huge striding at work
• NEGATIVE: I´m not making a healthy purchase
• INTERROGATIVE: are you talking to your virtual assistant?

• USE: for an action that started in the past and has a result in the present, either because its effect is still continuing or because the period of time in which it took place has not finished.

• STRUCTURE:
• AFFIRMATIVE: subject + have/has + past participle
• NEGATIVE: Subject + haven´t / hasn´t + past participle + complements
• INTERROGATIVE: Have/has + subject + past participle + complements?

• EXAMPLES:
• AFFIRMATIVE: He has already identified the problem.
• NEGATIVE: Elena hasn´t created anything.
• INTERROGATIVE: What have you intuited?

• USE:
• For an action that started in the past and still continues into the present.
• For an action which has just stopped and has present results.

• STRUCTURE:
• AFFIRMATIVE: subject + have/has + been + verb -ing + complements
• NEGATIVE: subject + haven´t / hastn´t+ been + verb -ing + complements
• INTERROGATIVE: have/has + subject + been + verb -ing + complements?

• EXAMPLES:
• AFFIRMATIVE: He has been trying to solve this problem since 2015
• NEGATIVE: Joel hasn´t been uploading the files.
• INTERROGATIVE: How many years have you been predicting the weather?

• USE: for actions that will be in progress at or around a particular moment in the future.

• STRUCTURE:
• AFFIRMATIVE: subject + will be + verb -ing + complements
• NEGATIVE: subject + won´t be + verb -ing + complements
• INTERROGATIVE: Will + subject + be + verb -ing + complements?

• EXAMPLES:
• AFFIRMATIVE: They will be considering your proposal
• NEGATIVE: they won´t be salving any thing
• INTERROGATIVE: Will she be convincing Nico?

• USE: ford predictions based on opinions, hopes and expectations, and for decisions made at the moment of speaking.

• STRUCTURE:
• AFFIRMATIVE: subject + will + infinitive verb + complements
• NEGATIVE: subject + won´t + infinitive verb + complements
• INTERROGATIVE:Will + subject + infinitive verb + complements?

• EXAMPLES:
• AFFIRMATIVE: John will sell driverless cars for an African company.
• NEGATIVE: You won´t act as a villain in the movie.
• INTERROGATIVE: Will cars be user friendly in the future?

• USE: to talk about habits, situations or states in the past that don't exist now.

• STRUCTURE:
• AFFIRMATIVE: Subject + used to + infinitive verb + complements
• NEGATIVE: Subject + didn´t + use to + infinitive verb + complements
• INTERROGATIVE: Did + subject + use to + infinitive verb + complements?

• EXAMPLES:
• AFFIRMATIVE: I used to use my wireless headphones in class.
• NEGATIVE: He didn´t use to mute his cell phone in class.
• INTERROGATIVE: Did you use to carry your mobile device in the car?

• USE: for a completed action that started and finished in the past, even if it's a recent event.

• STRUCTURE:
• AFFIRMATIVE: subject + past simple + complements.
• NEGATIVE: subject + did not + infinitive verb+ complemets.
• INTERROGATIVE: did + subject + infinitive verb + complements?

• EXAMPLES:
• AFFIRMATIVE: I implanted an antivirus microchip in your cell phone.
• NEGATIVE: He didn´t sell the camera because it was flawed.
• INTERROGATIVE: When did Nicolás convince you to go shopping?

• USE: to say that something will (or won´t) have been done or completed by a certain time in the future.

• STRUCTURE:
• AFFIRMATIVE: subject + will have + past participle + complements
• NEGATIVE: subject + won´t have + past participle + complements
• INTERROGATIVE: will + subject + have + past participle + complements?

• EXAMPLES:
• AFFIRMATIVE: you will have made great progress for the future
• NEGATIVE: i won´t consider the offer.
• INTERROGATIVE: will he have intuited what we wanted to tell him?

• USE: for a continuous action in the past.

• STRUCTURE:
• AFFIRMATIVE: subject + was/were + verb -ing + complements
• NEGATIVE: subject + wasn´t / weren´t + verb -ing + complements
• INGTERROGATIVE: Was/were + subject + verb -ing + complements?

• EXAMPLES:
• AFFIRMATIVE: He was embedding the diamonds into the ring when it fell off
• NEGATIVE: Ana wasn´t turning off the device when i arrived.
• INTERROGATIVE: Were they playing when Carlos showed up?