O3
biology
scientific method folled by edward jenner
(To develop vaccines) By Celia Espino Izquierdo
start
introduction
Scientific method folled by Edward Jenner
start
what is the scientific method?
PROCESS: CHARACTERISTICS:
We identify a problem and we have a question about something we want to know.
It´s a process or method of research.
It helps finding an answer to a question .
information about the problem is gathered.
The question you have can be about anything around you in the physical world.
a hypothesis is made, wich is what you think answers your question from what you have observed before.
It´s about studying and learning things around you.
We see if the hypothesis is true by doing an experiment.
At the end we can prove or disprove if what we thought was true.
video
to have an idea: what was.... smallpox: cowpox:
Show info.
Show info.
Disease. Caused by the variola virus. The last known natural case of smallpox was reported in Somalia in 1977, It was an acute disease, contagious and dangerous. It caused death in 10% of the population. It caused fever, vomiting and fluid-filled lesions on the body. This lesions or spots develop into blisters that dry out and turno into scabs.
Disease.Similar to smallpox (it´s related to the virus that causes this disease wich is variola virus).Transmitted to humans from animals. Much more milder than smallpox (less serious and more light) Less symptoms. The vaccine of smallpox is made from cowpox wich means cowpox provides immunity to smallpox(what we are going to see later)
click on the image
edward jenner
click here, and then the box for info.
The technique of introducing material under the skin to produce protection against disease became universally known as vaccination, a word derived from the Latin name for the cow (vacca), in Jenner's honour.
introduction
process followed
James becomes infected by cowpox.
A milkmaid is infected from cowpox.
James Phipps is inyected cowpox pus from the girl.
James is inyected with particles from smallpox.
Particles of smallpox are collected from a patient with it.
James gets smallpox with hardly no symptoms and gets antibodies to not get it next time.
ask a question
test hypothesis (experiment)
observe
draw a conclusion
form a hypothesis
scientific method
observe
start
what you see:
obsevation
smallpox in milmaids:
- First, Edward Jenner observed milkmaids that where infected with cowpox (when they had milked cows that suffered cowpox)
- These milkmaids didn´t get smallpox. They were resistant to the disease.
ask a question
test hypothesis (experiment)
observe
draw a conclusion
form a hypothesis
scientific method
ask a question
After what you have observed, what question do you have?
continue
WHY...
why do milkmaids who have cowpox don´t get smallpox?
Play to learn what is immunity
Because of what he had observed before, he made himself this question
Why wouldn´t they die because of smallpox? Why where they immune to it after having cowpox?
ask a question
form a hypothesis
test hypothesis (experiment)
observe
draw a conclusion
scientific method
Construct hypothesis
Make a guess based on the information you already know.
continue
make a guess
hypothesis
Based on what he had seen and researched Edward Jenner´s hypothesis was: if a person gets intentionally infected with cowpox, they may become immune to smallpox
You don´t know if the hypothesis is true, it´s just a prediction.
You will have to test it with an experiment to see if it´s right.
more info
ask a question
form a hypothesis
test hypothesis (experiment)
observe
draw a conclusion
scientific method
experiment/ test
You have to test your hypothesis to see if it´s right. For this you do an experiment associated with the guess you made in yout hypothesis.
continue
is the hypothesis true?
edward jenner´s experiment
Previous Knowledge Trigger
Lorem ipsum est ei erat mucius quaeque. Ei his quas phaedrum, efficiantur mediocritatem ne sed, hinc oratio blandit. Brute noluisse per et, verear disputando neglegentur at quo.
Continue learning about the experiment
ask a question
form a hypothesis
test hypothesis (experiment)
observe
draw a conclusion
scientific method
draw a conclusion
What can you assump after all your experiment? Was the hypothesis true?
continue
finally...
conclusion
Edward jenner´s hypothesis was correct.
- Based on his experiment, Jenner concluded that injecting cowpox into individuals could protect them from smallpox.
- This marked the successful development of the first vaccine.
- The infectious disease of smallpox could be controlled and it was no more very dangerous.
- Not so much people died beacause with the vaccine they were immune to the virus.
Thanks to him, vaccination was invented.
see
scientific method by edward jenner
Practice what you have learned!
put the steps of what edward jenner did in the correct order:
A. Do an experiment to see if cowpox did give immunity to smallpox.
B. Observe that milkmaids with cowpox were protected to smallpox.
C. Ask himself why what he had observed happened.
D. Think a possible reason for why it happened (hypothesis).
E. Make a conlcusion after the ruslt of his experiment.
check
F. Spend the rest of his life promoting his method.
Bibliography
Citations of the soruces used.
see
bibliography
CITATION OF THE SOURCES
Riedel, S. (2005, January). Edward Jenner and the history of smallpox and vaccination. Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1200696/ .
The scientific method in vaccine history. History of Vaccines RSS. (n.d.). https://historyofvaccines.org/vaccines-101/how-are-vaccines-made/scientific-method-vaccine-history
Smallpox and the story of vaccination. Science Museum. (n.d.). https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/medicine/smallpox-and-story-vaccination
Infection and immunity. Open Learning. (n.d.). https://www.open.edu/openlearn/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=28151&section=2.7
Khan Academy. (n.d.). The scientific method (article). Khan Academy. https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/intro-to-biology/science-of-biology/a/the-science-of-biology
https://historyofvaccines.org/vaccines-101/how-are-vaccines-made/scientific-method-vaccine-history
I hope you liked it! thanks for watching
NOTE: If you are not able to distinguish the steps that Edward Jenner infolled to develop vaccines, go back to the begining of the presentacion.
home
You milk cows infected with the disease of cowpox= you get protected for when you get the disease of smallpox.
Infect a person with cowpox and then with smallpox
James Phipps
Jenner tried his experiment with this boy. What he did was:
- 1. First, he took pus from cowpox pustules (spots) from the hand of a milkmaid that was infected.
- 2. After, Jenner scratched James Phipps arm and rubbed the pus of cowpox in it.
- 3. James got cowpox and recovered.
- 4. Then, Jenner scratched his arm again and introduced pus from pustules (spots) of smallpox from a patient.
- 5. At the end, the experiment was succesfull and James didn´t develop smallpox.
THE WORD VACCINATION
- The technique of introducing material under the skin to produce protection against disease became universally known as vaccination.
- Vaccination is a word derived from the Latin name for the cow (vacca), in Jenner's honour.
- Vaccination reflects it´s origin in Jenner´s experiment.
Jenner's work represented the first scientific attempt to control an infectious disease by the use of vaccination.
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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod.
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Edward Jenner and the scientific method
Celia Espino
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Transcript
O3
biology
scientific method folled by edward jenner
(To develop vaccines) By Celia Espino Izquierdo
start
introduction
Scientific method folled by Edward Jenner
start
what is the scientific method?
PROCESS: CHARACTERISTICS:
We identify a problem and we have a question about something we want to know.
It´s a process or method of research.
It helps finding an answer to a question .
information about the problem is gathered.
The question you have can be about anything around you in the physical world.
a hypothesis is made, wich is what you think answers your question from what you have observed before.
It´s about studying and learning things around you.
We see if the hypothesis is true by doing an experiment.
At the end we can prove or disprove if what we thought was true.
video
to have an idea: what was.... smallpox: cowpox:
Show info.
Show info.
Disease. Caused by the variola virus. The last known natural case of smallpox was reported in Somalia in 1977, It was an acute disease, contagious and dangerous. It caused death in 10% of the population. It caused fever, vomiting and fluid-filled lesions on the body. This lesions or spots develop into blisters that dry out and turno into scabs.
Disease.Similar to smallpox (it´s related to the virus that causes this disease wich is variola virus).Transmitted to humans from animals. Much more milder than smallpox (less serious and more light) Less symptoms. The vaccine of smallpox is made from cowpox wich means cowpox provides immunity to smallpox(what we are going to see later)
click on the image
edward jenner
click here, and then the box for info.
The technique of introducing material under the skin to produce protection against disease became universally known as vaccination, a word derived from the Latin name for the cow (vacca), in Jenner's honour.
introduction
process followed
James becomes infected by cowpox.
A milkmaid is infected from cowpox.
James Phipps is inyected cowpox pus from the girl.
James is inyected with particles from smallpox.
Particles of smallpox are collected from a patient with it.
James gets smallpox with hardly no symptoms and gets antibodies to not get it next time.
ask a question
test hypothesis (experiment)
observe
draw a conclusion
form a hypothesis
scientific method
observe
start
what you see:
obsevation
smallpox in milmaids:
ask a question
test hypothesis (experiment)
observe
draw a conclusion
form a hypothesis
scientific method
ask a question
After what you have observed, what question do you have?
continue
WHY...
why do milkmaids who have cowpox don´t get smallpox?
Play to learn what is immunity
Because of what he had observed before, he made himself this question
Why wouldn´t they die because of smallpox? Why where they immune to it after having cowpox?
ask a question
form a hypothesis
test hypothesis (experiment)
observe
draw a conclusion
scientific method
Construct hypothesis
Make a guess based on the information you already know.
continue
make a guess
hypothesis
Based on what he had seen and researched Edward Jenner´s hypothesis was: if a person gets intentionally infected with cowpox, they may become immune to smallpox
You don´t know if the hypothesis is true, it´s just a prediction.
You will have to test it with an experiment to see if it´s right.
more info
ask a question
form a hypothesis
test hypothesis (experiment)
observe
draw a conclusion
scientific method
experiment/ test
You have to test your hypothesis to see if it´s right. For this you do an experiment associated with the guess you made in yout hypothesis.
continue
is the hypothesis true?
edward jenner´s experiment
Previous Knowledge Trigger
Lorem ipsum est ei erat mucius quaeque. Ei his quas phaedrum, efficiantur mediocritatem ne sed, hinc oratio blandit. Brute noluisse per et, verear disputando neglegentur at quo.
Continue learning about the experiment
ask a question
form a hypothesis
test hypothesis (experiment)
observe
draw a conclusion
scientific method
draw a conclusion
What can you assump after all your experiment? Was the hypothesis true?
continue
finally...
conclusion
Edward jenner´s hypothesis was correct.
Thanks to him, vaccination was invented.
see
scientific method by edward jenner
Practice what you have learned!
put the steps of what edward jenner did in the correct order:
A. Do an experiment to see if cowpox did give immunity to smallpox.
B. Observe that milkmaids with cowpox were protected to smallpox.
C. Ask himself why what he had observed happened.
D. Think a possible reason for why it happened (hypothesis).
E. Make a conlcusion after the ruslt of his experiment.
check
F. Spend the rest of his life promoting his method.
Bibliography
Citations of the soruces used.
see
bibliography
CITATION OF THE SOURCES
Riedel, S. (2005, January). Edward Jenner and the history of smallpox and vaccination. Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1200696/ .
The scientific method in vaccine history. History of Vaccines RSS. (n.d.). https://historyofvaccines.org/vaccines-101/how-are-vaccines-made/scientific-method-vaccine-history
Smallpox and the story of vaccination. Science Museum. (n.d.). https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/medicine/smallpox-and-story-vaccination
Infection and immunity. Open Learning. (n.d.). https://www.open.edu/openlearn/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=28151&section=2.7
Khan Academy. (n.d.). The scientific method (article). Khan Academy. https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/intro-to-biology/science-of-biology/a/the-science-of-biology
https://historyofvaccines.org/vaccines-101/how-are-vaccines-made/scientific-method-vaccine-history
I hope you liked it! thanks for watching
NOTE: If you are not able to distinguish the steps that Edward Jenner infolled to develop vaccines, go back to the begining of the presentacion.
home
You milk cows infected with the disease of cowpox= you get protected for when you get the disease of smallpox.
Infect a person with cowpox and then with smallpox
James Phipps
Jenner tried his experiment with this boy. What he did was:
THE WORD VACCINATION
Jenner's work represented the first scientific attempt to control an infectious disease by the use of vaccination.
Lorem ipsum dolor
Consectetur adipiscing elit
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit