Great Britain, United Kingdom, English Isles

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Daffodil & leaks

The official flower of Wales is the daffodil, widely recognized as a national symbol, especially during Saint David's Day. The leek is also a historic symbol, originating from a battle in 633 AD. There's a popular story explaining the shift from the leek to the daffodil. According to legend, during a battle, a group of Welsh soldiers mistakenly identified each other as enemies. To avoid such confusion in the future, Saint David recommended that they wear a leek on their helmets. However, over time, the daffodil gained popularity as a national emblem, perhaps due to its vibrant appearance and association with spring.

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Shamrock

The shamrock is a three-leaved clover and is a symbol of Ireland that is associated with Saint Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland. According to legend, Saint Patrick used the shamrock to explain the concept of the Holy Trinity (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit) to the Irish people during his mission to convert them to Christianity. As a result, the shamrock has become an iconic symbol of Irish culture and is often worn on Saint Patrick's Day, celebrated on March 17th.

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The Cotton Thistle (Onopordum acanthium)

The Cotton Thistle (Onopordum acanthium) is not specifically the representative flower of Scotland; rather, it is the thistle in general that holds this distinction. The thistle has been a symbol of Scotland for centuries, and while there are various legends explaining its adoption, the most popular one involves a surprise nighttime invasion by Norse warriors. According to the legend, the Norse attackers tried to infiltrate Scottish soldiers' camp, but one of them stepped on a thistle, causing a commotion that alerted the Scots to the threat. The element of surprise was lost, and the Scots successfully defended themselves. In gratitude for this unexpected defense, the thistle became a symbol of Scotland, representing resilience, alertness, and the ability to overcome adversity. The thistle's association with Scotland is deeply rooted in its history and has persisted over time. While the Cotton Thistle may not be the only thistle associated with Scotland, it is a representative species that is commonly recognized in this context.

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Tudor Rose

The Tudor Rose is associated with England due to its historical significance during the Tudor dynasty (1485-1603). The rose is not a specific flower but a heraldic emblem symbolizing the union of the rival houses of Lancaster and York, marking the end of the Wars of the Roses. This conflict, fought in the 15th century, pitted the red rose of Lancaster against the white rose of York. The Tudor Rose, with its white outer petals and red center, was created to represent the reconciliation of these houses through the marriage of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. Over time, the Tudor Rose has become a symbol of England, reflecting unity and the end of a turbulent period in English history.

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Scotland

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The cross saltire of St Andrew, patron saint of Scotland, is a diagonal white cross on a blue ground.

Republic of Ireland

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Isle of Wight

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The Isle of Wight (/waɪt/ WYTE) is an island, English county and unitary authority in the English Channel, 2 to 5 miles (3.2 to 8.0 kilometres) off the coast of Hampshire, across the Solent. It is the largest and second-most populous island in England. Referred to as "The Island" by residents,[5] the Isle of Wight has resorts that have been popular holiday destinations since Victorian times. It is known for its mild climate, coastal scenery, and verdant landscape of fields, downland, and chines. The island is historically part of Hampshire.[6] The island is designated a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.

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Belfast

Belfast está ubicada en la costa este de Irlanda del Norte. La ciudad está flanqueada al noroeste por una serie de colinas, incluyendo la colina de Cavehill

Shetland Islands

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Shetland, also called the Shetland Islands and formerly Zetland, is an archipelago in Scotland lying between Orkney, the Faroe Islands, and Norway. It is the northernmost region of the United Kingdom.

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Hebrides

are an archipelago off the west coast of the Scottish mainland. The islands fall into two main groups, based on their proximity to the mainland: the Inner and Outer Hebrides.

Cardiff

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is the capital and largest city of Wales. Cardiff had a population of 362,310 in 2021 and forms a principal area officially known as the City and County of Cardiff (Welsh: Dinas a Sir Caerdydd). The city is the eleventh largest in the United Kingdom. Located in the southeast of Wales and in the Cardiff Capital Region, Cardiff is the county town of the historic county of Glamorgan and in 1974–1996 of South Glamorgan.

Orkney Islands

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Orkney (/ˈɔːrkni/; Scots: Orkney; Old Norse: Orkneyjar; Norn: Orknøjar), also known as the Orkney Islands or The Orkneys, is an archipelago in the Northern Isles of Scotland, situated off the north coast of the island of Great Britain. Orkney is 10 miles (16 km) north of the coast of Caithness and has about 70 islands, of which 20 are inhabited.

Northern Ireland

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Isle of Man

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also known as Mann (/mæn/ man),[11] is a self-governing British Crown Dependency in the Irish Sea between Great Britain and Ireland. As head of state, Charles III holds the title Lord of Mann and is represented by a Lieutenant Governor. The government of the United Kingdom is responsible for the isle's military defence and represents it abroad.

England

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The cross of St George, patron saint of England since the 1270's, is a red cross on a white ground. After James I succeeded to the throne, it was combined with the cross of St Andrew in 1606.

Edinburgh

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Edinburgh (/ˈɛdɪnbərə/ ⓘ[9][10][11] Scots: [ˈɛdɪnbʌrə]; Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Èideann [ˌt̪un ˈeːtʲən̪ˠ]) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 council areas. The city is located in south-east Scotland, and is bounded to the north by the Firth of Forth estuary and to the south by the Pentland Hills. Edinburgh had a population of 506,520 in mid-2020,[5] making it the second-most populous city in Scotland and the seventh-most populous in the United Kingdom.

Dublin

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On a bay at the mouth of the River Liffey, it is in the province of Leinster, bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of the Wicklow Mountains range.

London

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London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of around 8.8 million.[1][note 1] It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a 50-mile (80 km) estuary down to the North Sea and has been a major settlement for nearly two millennia.[9] The City of London, its ancient core and financial centre, was founded by the Romans as Londinium and retains its medieval boundaries.

Wales

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The colours of green and white are the colours of the Tudor family; a green and white standard featuring the red dragon was used by Henry VII at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485, after which it was carried in state to St Paul's Cathedral, and a dragon added as a supporter of the Tudor royal arms.