Reflection on how students learn

Types of learning

includes movement, more hands-on expereince and role-plays. There is a lot of Reading/Writing plays a very important role since in this kind of learning, there is a lot of note-taking, reading , comprehending and summarizing. (Academic Success Center - Using Learning Modalities, 2023) Virtual Learning- This kind of learning has become very popular since the Pandemic. This involves the educator and the student in an online learning environment. Synchronous and Asynchronous Learning are a part of Virtual Learning. Synchronous Learning occurs in a real-time setting where the educator connects with students using virtual classroom or webinar. Asynchronous Learning occus when the learning is self-paced with Pre-recorded webinars or lectures. (Asynchronous and Synchronous Modalities: Part 1, 2020) Here, the students use Visual Learning where the students use the coursework in an online setting. Auditory Learning modality can be seen here as

the students go through the learning process by listening to recorded lectures,taking part in group discussions and collaborative activities. Students who are comfortable with Kinesthetic Learning can also benefit from virtual learning. Simulations with 3-D graphics act as a replica for physical demonstrations. This is particularly beneficial for students who learn best with a physical or hands-on activities (Learning Styles and the Online Environment | University of Illinois Springfield, 2018). Hybrid Learning- This kind of learning is a combination of both In-Person and Virtual learning. This is sometimes also referred to as Blended Learning (Hybrid Learning, n.d.). Visual, Auditor, Kinesthetic modalities of learning are all satisfied in this model of learning since this promotes emotional, behavioural and cognitive development (Hapke et al., 2020).

4 Modalities of Learning-

• Visual
• Auditor
• Kinesthetic
• Reading/Writing

(Drew & PhD, 2023)

In-Person Learning- This kind of learning involves the educator and students being Face to face in a learning environment. This kind of learning is more hands on and is typically done with a group also called as peers.Here, students use Visual Learning where there is coursework provided the form of textbooks or sometimes as videos too. Auditory Learning is also used in this kind of learning since the students take part in study groups,participating in group discussions. Kinesthetic Learning is also showcased in this kind of learning. This

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Development and knowledge acquisition Theories-

6.Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory- This learning theory suggests that Children learn better through Hands-on Experiences. He also believed that better learning is established when there is more interaction with people around (Cherry, 2023). 7.Kohlberg's theory of moral development- This theory suggest that a child's development is directly linked to the moral development or awareness. There are 3 levels of moral understanding that an individual would typically go through which are preconventional, conventional, and postconventional (Saracho & Evans, 2021). 8.Urie Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory- This theory suggests that the deveopment of children could be impacted by a combination of the child's inborn qualities and their surroundings/environment (Saracho & Evans, 2021). 9.Burrhus Frederic Skinner behaviorism theory- This behaviour theory suggests that there were changes observed in children's behaviour if there were any modifications done to the environment around them Saracho & Evans, 2021).

child's or adult's life acts as a turning point in their development (Cherry, 2023).

3.Piaget's Cognitive Developmental Theory- This theory explains the development of thought process and their mental states. He developed his theory in 4 stages which were the Sensorimotor , Pre-Operational , Concrete Operational and Formal Operational Stage(Cherry, 2023).4. Bowlby's Attachment Theory- One of the earliest theories of social development was developed by Bowlby. He proposed that early relationships with care givers played a very important role in the child development and was responsible for their social behaviour as well during their entire life span (Cherry, 2023). 5.Bandura's Social Learning Theory- This developmental theory suggests that observation plays a very important role in development. This can be in the form of a live model, listening to verbal instructions, reading a book or online (Cherry, 2023).

Studying of child development is very essential since that helps us to understand the cognitive,emotional ,physical development in an individual. These theories were developed for such an understanding.

1. Freud's Psychosexual Developmental Theory- He worked with children with mental illness and he believed that early childhood experiences played a very important role in the child's development especially until the age of 5 (Cherry, 2023).
2. Erikson's Psychosocial Developmental Theory- He had an eight stage developmental theory. He believed that the development occured across the entire lifespan and not just in the early years. Every milestone in a

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Technology tools to support collaboration

Student Collaboration

2.Peer Assessment for collaborative learning- Peer review helps the students to develop a deeper sense of learning and understanding in this method of student collaboration. Here, the students review each others coursework or assignments for self-reflection. This method encourages critical thinking, reflective analysis (Increase Student Engagement with Collaborative Learning, 2021). 3.Jigsaw Method- This is a great learning collaborative method where they can study, learn and absorb information in a different way. Here, the classroom is divided into equal groups and each group is handed over the same amount of coursework with the same level of difficulty. The students research within their group and teach it to their peers. Later, the group teaches or shares their learning with the entire class. This method is also called Student Teaches Student (Collaborative Learning Strategies for Students, n.d.)

Collaboration can be defined as the strategy that is used to get together as a group to find or improve methods that would benefit everybody present in the learning process. Some of the strategies that are used for student collaboration are listed below:

Technology is a great way to support student collaboration. One such technology tool that is helpful is Flipgrid. It is a social media style discussion platform that lets the student put up videos. This is great for class discussions around the coursework. Peer review, feedback and grading can also be done on this platform.This is also an example for differentiated instruction since some individuals are able to perform better stepping away from the traditional instructional method (Mason, 2021).

1. Directed Group Work- Group work is proven to be very effective in terms of student productivity, better communication. It also ensures that critical thinking is enhanced and when the students work ina group setting exchange of ideas is done and there is a positive relation maintained in the learning environment (Honigsfeld & Cohan, 2014).

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Self-Reflection Techniques for students

2. Guided Small groups- This is another very popular method of self-reflection in students. When the students work in groups, they self reflect on their strengths. Students tend to open up and are more confident with smaller groups. This technique encourages effective communication and group work where ideas and thoughts are shared (Reflection Strategies, n.d.)

1. Set Goals- Once Students are done with the self-assessment stage and are aware of their strengths and areas of improvement, for them to increase their motivation and to be able to perform better goals can be set. This is important because they will know what they are working towards, how to work towards it and the time that they have or need to accomplish it. This technique encourages problem solving skills (Driscoll, 2022).

Self-Reflection is very important for students since it ensures that the individual is aware of their progress. It also ensures that the student identifies their areas of strength and the areas of improvement. Self-reflection also increases the motivation to do better. Various strategies are used in learning environments by students for self-reflection. Some of them are -

3.Journalling- Journalling is another method that is used for self-reflection. This is a mean to record ideas, thoughts about self-reflection that an individual would go through during the learning process.

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Teaching styles

There are 5 different teaching styles which include the following.

5.Hybrid Style- This teaching style is also called as blended style. Here, the teachers adapt themselves to the students needs and modify or alter the curiculum as required (Gill, 2020).

1. Authority Style- This teaching style showcases the teacher in an authoritative position. In this style, the teacher sets him/herself seperately from the students. The teacher delivers the instruction and the students are expected to absorb this knowledge. This is typically found in college or university setting (Gill, 2020).
2. Demonstrator Style- In this kind of teaching style, the teacher is still in authority but here, lectures are not delivered. Instructions are delivered through presentations, multimedia which mostly is suitable for math or music (Gill, 2020).

3.Facilitator Style- This kind of teaching style promotes self-learning and self-development. This style encourages students to explore, research and ask more questions and get answers through self-research. This is more suitable for subjects like Science (Gill, 2020). 4.Delegator Style- This kind of teaching style encourages group work more. Here, the teacher mostly plays the observer role where the students learn through guided groups and they are encouraged to work towards common goals together as a group. This is best suitable towards Lab activities, chemistry, Biology (Gill, 2020).

Diverse Learning

There are many methods that a teacher adapts to meet the diverse learning needs in the classroom. Some of them include Differentiated Instruction where the educator modifies or alters the instruction to meet the diverse learning needs in the classroom. Communication should be maintained on a constant basis with the students to know more about their socio-economic situation, their academic progress and if there are any areas that need improvement (Kampen, 2020).

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References

Drew, C., & PhD. (2023, June 8). The 4 Learning Modalities | Modality in Education (2020). Helpful Professor. https://helpfulprofessor.com/learning-modalities/ Academic Success Center - Using Learning Modalities. (2023). Tamu.edu. https://asc.tamu.edu/study-learning-handouts/using-learning-modalities Asynchronous And Synchronous Modalities: Part 1. (2020, April 3). ELearning Industry. https://elearningindustry.com/asynchronous-and-synchronous-modalities-deliver-digital-learning Mason, J. (2021, March 19). The 9 Best Teach Tools For Collaboration. We Are Teachers. https://www.weareteachers.com/student-collaboration-tech-tools/

Saracho, O. N., & Evans, R. (2021). Theorists and their developmental theories. Early Child Development and Care, 191(7-8), 993–1001. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2021.1917266 Honigsfeld, A., & Cohan, A. (2014). Breaking the mold of classroom management : what educators should know and do to enable student success. Rowman & Littlefield Education. Increase Student Engagement with Collaborative Learning. (2021, December 8). Mersive Solstice. https://www.mersive.com/blog/thought-leadership/collaborative-learning-guide-increase-student-engagement-with-collaborative-learning/ Collaborative Learning Strategies for Students. (n.d.). Web.stratxsimulations.com. https://web.stratxsimulations.com/recent-posts/collaborative-learning-strategies-for-students

Learning Styles and the Online Environment | University of Illinois Springfield. (2018, September 5). Www.uis.edu. https://www.uis.edu/ion/resources/tutorials/instructional-design/learning-style Hybrid Learning. (n.d.). https://www.codlearningtech.org/PDF/snart_hybridlearning.pdf Hapke, H., Lee-Post, A., & Dean, T. (2020). 3-IN-1 HYBRID LEARNING ENVIRONMENT. Marketing Education Review, 31(2), 154–161. https://doi.org/10.1080/10528008.2020.1855989 Cherry, K. (2023, March 13). Child development theories and examples. Verywell

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References

Driscoll, L. (2022, May 8). Student Self Reflection and Self Assessment: A SEL Teaching Practice. Social Emotional Workshop. https://www.socialemotionalworkshop.com/student-self-reflection-self-assessment/ Reflection Strategies. (n.d.). https://hps.unt.edu/sites/default/files/PACE/docs/reflection-strategies.pdf Gill, E. (2020, September 1). Teaching Styles: Different Teaching Methods & Strategies | Resilient Educator. ResilientEducator.com. https://resilienteducator.com/classroom-resources/5-types-of-classroom-teaching-styles/

Kampen, M. (2020, November 6). 7 Ways to Support Diversity in the Classroom. Www.prodigygame.com. https://www.prodigygame.com/main-en/blog/diversity-in-the-classroom/

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