7.5 - Civil Rights Organizations

Civil Rights Organizations

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Index

Vocab to Remember

Learning Intention Evaluate the methos used by non-violent and militant groups, as well as the Black Power Movement, to achieve equality for African Americans.

Litigation (Lawsuits)

Non-violent Actions

Amend the Consitution

Success Criteria 1. Identify methods used to expand the rights of minorities 2. Identify various organizations developed to promote civil rights 3. Summarize the methods used by various civil rights organizations 4. Compare and contrast the approaches used by MLK Jr. and Malcolm X to achieve equality for African Americans.

Militancy

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Non-violent Groups

Why wasn't this working?

Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)

Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People - NAACP

Founded: 1909 Founder: W.E.B. DuBois Method Used to achieve equality: Litigation – Used the Courts Key Events: Sweatt v. Painter (1950) Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

CORE The Congress of Racial Equality

CORE, The Congress of Racial Equaliy, is a national organization with affiliated local groups, committed to the goal of erasing the color line Founded: 1942 Key Events:

• Greensboro Sit-Ins
• Freedom Rides (1961)
• Freedom Summer (1964)
• Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party

Method: nonviolent action.

Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)

Founded: 1960 Key Events:

• Freedom Rides (1961)
• March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom (1963)
• Freedom Summer (1964)
• Selma, AL Voting Rights Protest (1965)

Method used to acheieve equality - Non-violet

Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)

Founded: 1957 Leader: Martin Luther King, Jr. Key Events:

• Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955-56)
• Birmingham (1963)
• March on Washington (1963)
• Selma, AL Voting Rights Protest (1965)

Methods Used:

• Non-violent protests - such as boycotts and marches
• Civil Disobedience – if government has created an unjust law, the people should oppose it and sometimes break it

March on Washington

March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom

I have a Dream Speech Analysis

Assasination of MLK Jr

I have a Dream Speech Analysis

A call for equality

It brought the movement to the national stage and made the US Gov take action

Martin Luther King Jr.

Assasination of Martin Luther King Jr.

April 4th, 1968

• Civil Rights Movement lost an important leader
• James Earl Ray shot MLK at Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee.
• Ray was captured in UK
• MLK Day established in 1983
• Assassination attempt a decade earlier failed.

Why did African Americans become frustrated with the Civil Rights Movement in the late 1960s? What happened as a result?

• Many believed that non-violence was not enough
• Black Power & started using their votes to create change
• winning concessions from the government, control their own communities, patronize their own businesses, and free themselves from the economic, cultural, and political domination

Militant Organizations

Closure

Black Panthers

The Nation of Islam

Nation of Islam/Black Muslims

Malcolm Little - former convict who is introduced to the teachings of Elijah Muhammad, the leader of a religious group known as the Nation of Islam, or Black Muslims, and changes his name to Malcolm X Promoted Black Nationalism – complete separation from white society Wanted independence from whites by establishing their own businesses, schools, and communities Rejected nonviolence and goals of the early civil rights movement Assassinated in 1965 after splitting with the Nation of Islam

Black Panthers

• Bobby Seale and Huey Newton form the Black Panther Party in 1966
• setting out its goals including self determination, jobs, decent housing, “education that teaches true history,” and an end to police brutality

• Focused on protecting African American communities
• Advocated the use of armed resistance
• Provided many services for African Americans
• Free breakfast programs for children, medical clinics, etc
• Worked to end police brutality
• Viewed as dangerous radicals because they carried weapons and were willing to stand up to law enforcement
• Homes and offices often raided by FBI and police

Closure

Based on the quotes, how did Malcom X differ from Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in his approach to achieving equality for African Americans?

Malcolm X= Used violence MLK= non-violent

Militancy

Combative and aggressive in support of a political or social cause, and typically favoring extreme, violent, or confrontational methods.

Amend the Constitution

The Framers constructed the U.S Constitution in a way that allows the government to protect and expand the democratic process. The Constitution can be amended, or changed, to meet the needs of American society as it changes.

Excerpt from Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech

Non-violent Actions

Protesting is an event where people gather together to show strong disapproval about something. Protesting has been a method that many groups and organizations have used to gain attention for political causes. Examples: civil disobedience, protest, sit-ins

Litigation (Lawsuits)

The act, process, or practice of settling a dispute in a court of law through a legal action or proceeding (such as a lawsuit).

Excerpt from Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech

A semgment of Martin Luther King Jr.'s I have a Dream speech