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CONDITIONALS/WISHES

Patricia S

Created on December 9, 2023

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Transcript

Conditionals: Types 0/1/2/3

PATRICIA SÁENZ ORTIZ

Conditionals

Conditional Clauses consist of two parts:

main clause (result)
If Clause (hypothesis)

Conditionals

Conditional Clauses consist of two parts:

If Clause (hypothesis)
main clause (result)

If I donate money to charity, I will help poor people.

main clause (result)
If Clause (hypothesis)

I will help poor people if I donate money to charity.

Conditional Type 0

General Truth or scientific fact

If Clause (hypothesis)
main clause (result)
present simple
If /when + present simple

If you give money to shelters, you help many homeless people.

Conditional Type 1

likely to happen in the present/future

If Clause (hypothesis)
main clause (result)
simple future, imperative, can/must/may, etc + bare infinitive
If + present simple

if it rains, we will stay home.

Conditional Type 2

Unreal imaginary situation in the present/future advice

If Clause (hypothesis)
main clause (result)
would/could/might +bare infinitive
If + past simple

if I had the money and time, I would go backpacking around the world. BUT I dont have the money and time (untrue in the present).

Conditional Type 3

Imaginary situation in the past/regrets/criticism

If Clause (hypothesis)
main clause (result)
would/could/might have + past participle
If + past perfect

if you had saved money, you would have gone to Spain. (but you didn't)

Notes:

We can use were instead of was for all persons in the if clause of Type 2 conditionals. If he weren't/wasn't so stressed all the time, he would enjoy life more.
With type 1 conditionals we can use unless +affirmative verb or if + negative verb. They will not hire you unless you have great experience.

WISHES

WISHES

We can use wish/if only to express a wish.

WISHES

1. + past simple/past continous use = to say that we would like something to be different about a present situation.

Karla wishes she was/were on vacation now, (but she isn't). If only Karla was/were on vacation now.

WISHES

2. + past perfect use = to express regret about something which happened or didn't happened in the past.

I wish I had studied more for the exam. (but I didn't) If only I had studied more for the exam

WISHES

3. + subject +would/bare infinitive use = to express a polite imperative / a desire for a situation or person's behaviour to change.

I wish you would stop interrupting me all the time. If only you you would stop interrupting me all the time.

THANK YOU!

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