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Water cycle and artificial water cycle

David Gomez

Created on November 21, 2023

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Transcript

Collection

The atazar dam collects the water of the Atazar River, mouthpieces, filtering galleries, parallel or perpendicular are used, always having as a reference the course of the water.

Uses

Domestic use
Industrial use
Agricultural use
Some information about the WWTP of canal Isabel II(el plantío)

It has been in service since 1988, the autorized volume of water is 15.000 m3/day, it serves Las Rozas and Majadahonda. This is all the things the line of water of el plantío has: • Coarse pit • Roughing channel with manual share • Sieve with 3 mm passage light (2 units) • Sanding-degreasing (4 units) • Primary decantation (3 units) • Biological treatment (3 biological reactors aerobic and 3 anaerobic biological) • Chemical treatment for phosphorus removal • Secondary decantation (3 units)

Disinfection

Treatment by which a disinfectant is used to ensure that the harmful bacteria gets killed. The chemical that is used is chlorine, but you can use other processes like ultra violet radiation or using ozone.

Precipitation

Due to gravity the droplets that formed in the clouds and are heavy enough precipitate as rain,snow, sleet or hail.

Transpiration

Some of the water vapor in the atmosphere comes from transpiration, mainly plants. This water comes from the water in the soil that the roots of the plants absorb and release in the atmosphere as vapor.

Biological treatment

The biological treatment process consists of controlling the environment of the microorganisms, so that they achieve optimal growth conditions.

Sludge thickening

process by which the volume of the sludge is reduced, eliminating water and increasing the concentration of solids

Agricultural use

Includes water used for irrigating crops and water for livestock mainly for drinking

Flow

Due to gravity,precipitation that falls over land goes back to the oceans, both as underground aquifers flows too.

Domestic use

This uses relate to potable water for our houses (example: water for cleaning, drinking, cooking, personal hygiene and watering the plants) and also it is water for community and recreational uses (example: maintenance of water for parks, gardens, villages, cities...

Evaporation

Due to the Sun the water in river, lakes, oceans and seas is evaporated as water vapor into the atmosphere.

Sedimentation(physical treatment)

Treatment by which water flows slowly through a big tank, and sludge settles out of the water as sediments.

Flocculation(chemical treatment)

Treatment by which the water reaches a series of tanks in which small particles are treated to coagulate into larger particles.

Decantation

Treatment by which the water reaches settling tanks and is left to stand. The flocculated particles settle out as sludge.

Secondary decantation

Secondary settling: separation between the treated water and the sludge generated in the biological process.

Filtration

Treatment by which the water is passed two filters one of them is a sand filter and the other one is a activated carbon filter. The sand one traps the particles and the activated carbon one makes the bad taste and the bad odors go away.

Main decantation

The separation of suspended materials is obtained by reducing the speed of the water, until the suspended particles are deposited in a retention time..

Infiltration

Due to gravity water infiltrates through permeable gaps in the rocks until touching a water proof rock floor, and aquifer is formed.

Control room

Operates and maintains water treatment and chemical feed equipment including but not limited to, filtration, chlorination, sodium chlorite, purification, water softening, fluoridation, sludge dewatering and carbonation equipment and it monitors the main four methods that are followed: physical, biological, chemical and sludge treatment

Sludge digestion

is a sludge stabilization system that is used to eliminate an important part of the volatile fraction of the sludge generated in a waste water treatment plant

Condensation

Rising air currents carry the Vapor up into the atmosphere and then cooler temperatures cause the Vapor to condensate into tiny droplets

Pretreatment

Water pretreatment removes suspended impurities, solids, colloids and living organisms from raw water

Industrial use

Water used in industry as raw material for manufacturing of specific products and for refrigerating and clean in industrial machines. But it's main use is for the production of electrical energy in hydroelectric power stations.

Roughing(physical process)

Treatment by which all the solid or large objects suspended in the water like wood, dead animals, metal pipes... get stuck in metal bars.