MYTHOLOGY PRESENTATION

MYTHOLOGy presentation

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the M orrigan

Cailleach

Aengus Óg

Dagda

Brigid

Cú Chulainn

Danu

Lugh

Dian Cécht

Loki

Iðunn

Skadi

Heimdallr

Odin

Thor

Tyr

Frigg

Hel

Iktomi

Nesaru

Allanque

Sedna

Inyan

Apistotoke

Gluskap

Ioskeha

Gitchi Manitou

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Skadi emerges as a goddess whose dominion encompasses (regroupe) winter, the act of skiing, and the pursuit of hunting (chasse). Often illustrated as a fierce (féroce) and self-reliant (autonome) deity, she personifies the untamed and wild (sauvages) forces of nature. Skadi is a member of the jötunn race, a term used to describe the titanic entities of the Nordic pantheon, but she also holds (tenir) an association with the Aesir gods through her marriage to the divine entity, Njord.

Heimdall is the divine sentinel, tasked with the lofty role of watchman (gardien) of the gods and the vigilant guardian of Asgard, the celestial realm where deities (dieux) reside. Frequently presented as the "white god" or the "shining one," Heimdall is celebrated for his radiant and luminous aura, an embodiment of the purity of his divine essence. Heimdall's supernatural faculties are manifested in his extraordinary perception, particularly his sense of hearing (ouïe).

Odin has a crucial and central role in Norse mythology, securing a dominant stance (position) among the hierarchy of the Norse deities (dieux). As the paramount god, Odin reigns over Asgard, the divine home of the gods. He is frequently portrayed as a figure of profound wisdom (sagesse) and formidable power, associated with domains of knowledge (savoir), warfare (stratégie/guerre), poetry, and sorcery. Odin possesses numerous nicknames, most notably "the Allfather", as he is regarded as the progenitor of the gods. An integral characteristic of Odin is his relentless (sans relâche) pursuit for enlightenment (éveil spirituel) and wisdom.

The goddess Brigid and her two sisters, were the goddesses of healing and of poetry. She was complex, combining both creative and destructive traits. She was both the goddess of healing and motherhood (maternité), while simultaneously being the goddess of fire and passion.

The Dagda was the most important and powerful of the Celtic gods. Also known as the “good god,” he was the god of the earth, agriculture, time, weather, and seasons. He is also said to be the ruler of life and death and wields a club that can restore or destroy lives with a single blow.

Loki is one of the most recognized gods of the Norse Mythology. Renowned for his shape-shifting (transformation) abilities and identified as a master trickster (farceur), Loki holds his place among the Aesir, the primary assembly of gods in the Norse pantheon. With a reputation for craftiness (ruse), mischief (espièglerie), and a penchant for unpredictability, Loki's actions spawn (créer) a spectrum of outcomes (résultats) ranging from beneficial to destructive, influencing both the divine entities and the broader world of Norse mythology.

Idun, alternatively spelled Iðunn or Idunn, is a revered goddess affiliated with youth (jeunesse), vigor, and the maintenance of youthfulness. She is counted among the Vanir, a group of divinities in Norse mythology famous for their connection to fertility, wealth (richesse), and the natural world. Idun's prominent role as the gardian of the golden apples of immortality, reputed to confer perpetual youthfulness to the deities, is widely celebrated.

The god Lugh, or Lug, in addition to being an impressive warrior, he was also celebrated for his superior craftsmanship (savoir-faire) and “his skills as a poet, judge, and ruler.” Lugh was the sun god and master of all skills and was often associated with the Roman God Mercury.

The goddess Morrigan was primarily known as the goddess of war but had strong associations with both sovereignty and fertility. She’s known by many different names, including the Phantom Queen. The Morrigan was a shapeshifter (changeur de formes) and often appeared over a battlefield in the form of a crow. As she flew, it was believed she could inspire great courage in her warriors while instilling fear in the hearts of their enemies.

Tyr, who has nicknames like Týr or Tiwaz, is a revered figure in Norse mythology, with his spheres of influence rregarding war, judicial law (loi), equity, and the glory that comes with acts of heroism. He is iconically represented as a one-handed deity due to the selfless (désintéressé) act of offering his right hand as a collateral to restrain the monstrous wolf, Fenrir. Tyr's courage is great and his acts of selflessness are legendary, given his willingness (volonté/enthousiasme) to confront significant peril for the communal good.

Hel is a profoundly significant entity associated with the dominion of the deceased (défunts), referred to as Helheim. Helheim is seen as a special realm designated for individuals who succumb to natural causes or sickness. The environment of Helheim is somber and frigid, frequently described as being enshrouded (enveloppé) by a mist (brouillard) and immersed in darkness (obscurité). It is believed that souls (âmes) who do not experience death on the battlefield (champ de bataille) or achieve a stature of heroism during their lifetime are fated (condamné) to spend their afterlife in Helheim.

Danu is one of the “oldest mythical beings in Ireland.” She was the Celtic mother goddess of all gods and Celtic people. Danu was associated with fertility, wisdom (sagesse), waters, and Earth. She is said to have breastfed all the gods, including the Dagda, bestowing (conférant) on them her knowledge and wisdom.

The Cailleach, or hag (vieille sorcière), is a strange choice for an Irish goddess. The goddess of winter, the Cailleach is depicted as a bow-legged (jambe arquées) old hag with pale skin and only one eye. She can “control the weather and the winds as well as the length and harshness of winter.”

Aengus was known for his beauty and youth and was often depicted (dépeint) surrounded by a flock (nuée) of birds, which were “said to be physical manifestations of the love god’s kisses.”

Dian Cécht, or Diancecht, is widely regarded as the main Celtic healing god and god of medicine. He was also a master craftsman and fashioned a silver arm for King Nuada.

Cú Chulainn was a demi-god and ferocious warrior. In the epic text, Táin Bó Cúailnge, Cú Chulainn is described as having the power to turn himself into “a terrible, many-shaped, wonderful, unheard of thing.” His fury in battle was such that it caused his hair to stand on end “like branches of a red thorn.”

Thor,is one of the most widely (communément) recognized deities (dieux) within the pantheon. The product of the union between Odin and Fjörgyn, he is often portrayed as a formidable and mighty combatant. With domains including thunder, lightning, brute strength, and guardianship, Thor is an embodiment (incarnation) of raw (brut) power and vigilant protection. His primary weapon is Mjolnir, a formidable hammer (marteau)that gives him command over tempestuous weather and allows him to deliver devastating strikes upon his adversaries.

Frigg is a principal goddess often related to wisdom (sagesse), maternal affection, and marital bonds (liens). She stands as a central figure among the Aesir, the chief assembly of gods that form the heart of the Norse cosmological beliefs (croyances). Being the consort of Odin, the principal deity, Frigg has an influential position in the divine hierarchy. Frigg's persona is characterized by her profound wisdom and prescience. She is has the capacity to foresee future events, a knowledge (savoir) she generally chooses to guard closely.

Apistotoke is a very important deity (divinité) in the traditional religion of the Blackfoot tribe (tribue). The name of the deity roughly translates into ‘Our Creator’. The god also has another name in the Blackfoot tradition which means (signifie) ‘Source of Life’. Apistotoke was traditionally cited as the ‘Great Spirit’ which the Blackfoot hold as the supreme deity responsible for the creation of the earth and the heavens (paradis/cieux) above

Gitchi Manitou is the creator god in the mythology and legends of Algonquian tribes (tribues). The name roughly translates into Great Spirit. Like the Blackfoot tradition, the Algonquian tradition does not elaborate much on the Great Spirit. Gitchi Manitou is the supreme deity and was responsible for creating the earth. Originally, the Algonquian tradition did not assign any gender to the deity although a masculine gender was assigned with the introduction of the English language.

Inyan is a deity (divinité) in the religious pantheon of the Lakota and Dakota tribes (tribues). The name of the deity roughly translates as ‘Rock’ as the deity is considered the stone spirit that has existed since primordial times. Inyan is typically associated with the ancient ways, the earth itself as well as justice. Some alternate names for the deity in Lakota culture translate into ‘Grandfather’.

Many Native American tribes have the figure of a trickster (farceur) god or deity (divinité). Iktomi is the variant of this god in the Lakota, Nakota and Dakota traditions. His name roughly translates into ‘Spider’ although this only signifies his character or qualities, and he is known as a man in the Native American tradition. According to the Lakota mythologies, Iktomi was a trickster who performed socially unsuitable acts in order to lure (attirer) people into wrong ways. A number of legends and stories related to Iktomi exist in the Sioux mythologies.

Gluskap is the name of a creator deity (divinité) in the Algonquin tradition. He was the one who created many things from Mother Earth. He created the race of mankind (humanité) as well as the plains where mankind shall dwell (habiter) and food plants to sustain mankind. Gluskap had an evil brother called Malsum. Where Gluskap sought to create, sustain and help humans, Malsum did the opposite. He created evil things like poisonous animals which may harm the humans.

Nesaru is the name of a primordial deity (divinité) in the Arikara tradition. In the beginning, Nesaru was in charge of the sky, the earth and the underworld (les enfers). At the time, the underworld was inhabited by a race of giants. The giants disobeyed Nesaru which angered the deity. To punish them, Nesaru created a new race of men. These were also sent to the underworld. At the same time, the god created a flood (inondation)which killed the giants, although the new race didn’t come to any harm. Then Nesaru released the new race of men from the underworld and this race then populated the earth.

In the Intuit tradition, Sedna is the goddess of the sea and all the creatures that live in it. Legend has it that Sedna was once very young and beautiful. Then her father, another deity (divinité), decided to threw her into the sea as a sacrifice. Sedna survived and became the mistress of the entire sea. However, she became a one-eyed and ugly-looking giantess, losing her beauty in the process. Sorcerers in the Inuit tradition believed that they could visit Sedna by crossing a vast abyss covered with ice.

Ioskeha is a deity (divinité) in the Iroquois tradition. According to the Iroquois legends, Ioskeha is a deity who helped mankind (l'humanité) and stood for good things such as life, light, summer and creation. He also created the humans and taught (= to teach) them civilization. Ioskeha also has an evil brother in the Iroquois tradition. Named Tawiscara, his brother stands for destruction, darkness and winter.

The Leni Lenape personification of Star. The reference is to any star, but specifically the North Star. Star sees the world at night and offers her meek (doux) light to those in darkness.