Women mathematicians throughout history

WOMEN MATHEMATICIANS THROUGHOUT HISTORY

Sofia Kovalévskay

SOPHIE GERMAIN

HYPATHIA OF ALEXANDRIA

MARYAM MIRZAKHANI

MARIA GAETANA AGNESI

10

Gabrielle Émilie de Breteuil

ADA LOVELACE

GRACE MURRAY HOPPER

Teáno

CAROLINA HERSCHEL

ADA LOVELACE

- Born on December 10, 1815- She died on November 27, 1852 - Augusta Ada King, Countess of Lovelace, registered at birth as Augusta Ada Byron and commonly known as Ada Lovelace, was a British mathematician and writer, best known for her work on Charles Babbage's general-purpose mechanical computer, the so-called machine. analytics. Ada wrote the algorithm for calculating the values ​​of Bernoulli numbers using two loops, detailed how to do trigonometric operations using variables in Babbage's analytical engine, and defined the use of punched cards to program the machine.

MARYAM MIRZAKHANI

- Born on May 12, 1977.- She died on July 14, 2017. - She associated dynamic systems with geometry and specialized in understanding the symmetry of surfaces. He analyzed Riemann surfaces that include donut-like objects. He discovered a way to calculate the volume of hyperbolic spaces. He addressed the mathematical problem of billiards that studies the movement of a ball on the billiard table.

CAROLINA HERSCHEL

- She born on March 16, 1750- She died on January 9, 1848 - Caroline Lucrecia Herschel​ was a German astronomer who also lived in England. She worked with his brother Sir William Herschel in the development of his telescopes and in his observations. She discovered two open clusters in 1783 and observed that many more existed in the Universe. On August 1, 1786, she found her first comet, described as “the first female comet.” It earned her the recognition of the scientific community and the allocation of a salary of 50 pounds per year.

ADA LOVELACE

- She born on December 10, 1815- She died on November 27, 1852 -Augusta Ada King, Countess of Lovelace, registered at birth as Augusta Ada Byron and commonly known as Ada Lovelace, was a British mathematician and writer, best known for her work on Charles Babbage's general-purpose mechanical computer, the so-called machine. analytics. Ada wrote the algorithm for calculating the values ​​of Bernoulli numbers using two loops, detailed how to do trigonometric operations using variables in Babbage's analytical engine, and defined the use of punched cards to program the machine.

GRACE MURRAY HOPPER

Born on December 9, 1906. She died on January 1, 1992. She was the creator of the first computer compiler in 1952. This revolutionary software allowed the first automatic programming of a computer language

Téano

Teanus born in the 6th century BC in CroatiaShe was a mathematician, Greek philosopher, wife of Pythagoras1 2 3 4 and member of the Pythagorean school.

In the influential Pythagorean school, Mathematics was studied with passion. It was stated that "everything is number," since it was believed that in nature everything could be explained by numbers. They gave a lot of importance to the education of both men and women, who were not limited to the useful arts, but also dealt with the language and rigor of reasoning. They considered it important for a woman to be intelligent and cultured.

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MARIA GAETANA AGNESI

- She was born on May 16, 1718.- She died on January 9, 1799. - María Gaetana Agnesi is an Italian mathematician whose most important work, Analytical Institutions, was translated into several languages ​​and used to learn mathematics for more than fifty years in many countries in Europe. In it he dealt with topics, so novel at the time, such as differential and integral calculus, with simplicity and clarity.

HYPATHIA OF ALEXANDRIA

His date of birth is not known exactly, the year 355 or 370 AD is considered probable. in Alexandria, Egypt. He died in 415 or 416 in Alexandria, Egypt. He improved and built astronomical instruments such as the astrolabe or the planisphere. In addition, she was a charismatic teacher who left a deep mark on her disciples, some of them also important scientists of the time. She built a celestial planisphere and designed a hydroscope; instrument used to weigh liquids. Hypatia was one of the last representatives of the philosophical tradition in ancient Alexandria, she worked on algebraic equations and conic sections, it is known that Hypatia was one of the first women to study and teach mathematics. In the year 415 AD, a mob of Christian fanatics attacked the philosopher Hypatia in her city, Alexandria, and killed her in a gruesome manner.

Gabrielle Émilie de Breteuil

Gabrielle Émilie de Breteuil born on December 17, 1706 She died on September 10, 1749 in France Marquise de Châtelet was a French lady who translated Newton's Principia and disseminated the concepts of differential and integral calculus in her book The Institutions of Physics.

She lived in Saint-Jean-en-Greve, in France, during the reign of Louis XIV

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• She born on January 15, 1850

• - She died on February 10, 1891
• -Sofía Kovalévskaya or Sofía Vasílievna Kovalévskaya or, as Sofía Casanova translates her, Zofja Kowalewska was a Russian mathematician and writer, of Romani ethnicity who made significant contributions in the fields of analysis, partial differential equations and mechanics and the Cauchy-Kovalevskaya theorem on differential equations. She had to overcome barriers of discrimination against women in both the academic and scientific worlds

SOPHIE GERMAIN

Born: April 1, 1776, Rue Saint-Denis, Paris, France Died: June 27, 1831, Paris, France. Marie-Sophie Germain was a self-taught French mathematician and physicist. She made important contributions to number theory and the theory of elasticity. One of the most important was the study of what are called Germain prime numbers. Germain managed to prove for a particular type of equations that when 'n' is a prime number like twice that prime number plus 1 it is also prime.Sophie Germain , a woman who had to impersonate a man in order to study. On June 27, 1831, she died in Paris as a result of breast cancer at the age of 55. Germain did not marry or have children. She devoted herself to mathematics like the Archimedes who marked her in her childhood.