PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE + PAST SIMPLE

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

STRUCTURE

USE

TIME WORDS

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE VS PAST SIMPLE

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

STRUCTURE

Subject + have/has + past participle form of the main verb *Regular verbs -ed *Irregular verbs (3rd column of the list)

Subject + haven't/hasn't + past participle form of the main verb *Regular verbs -ed *Irregular verbs (3rd column of the list)

Have/Has + subject + past participle form of the main verb (...)? *Regular verbs -ed *Irregular verbs (3rd column of the list)

USE

Relating past and present

Unspecified time

New information

The first time

TIME WORDS

01

Today, tonight, this morning/afternoon/ month, etcwhen these periods haven't finished at the time of speaking

HAVE GONE VS HAVE BEEN

He has been to the shops. (He went to the shops but he is back now) He has gone to the shops. (He is still at the shops. - He is not here now) They have never been to Greece They have never gone to Greece

02

For vs since

03

Already, ever, just, never and yet

08

04

Lorem Ipsum

Lorem Ipsum

PRESENT PERFECT VS PAST SIMPLE

Past Simple

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

- EVENTS THAT TOOK PLACE AT AN UNSPECIFIED TIME - EVENTS THAT STARTED IN THE PAST AND CONTINUE NOW

- Completed events that took place in a specific moment in time- ACTIONS THAT TOOK PLACE DURING A COMPLETED PERIOD OF TIME

STRUCTURE

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Subject + have/has + BEEN + -ING form of the main verb

Subject + have/hasn't + BEEN + -ING form of the main verb

Have/has + subject + BEEN + -ING form of the main verb

USE

Recent activities

She has been doing her homework in her room

• There is a connection with the present or now

Present perfect simple vs continuous

- You look tired- Yes, I have been working all day!

• When we are interested in the activity itself we use the present perfect continuous.

• When we are interested in the result of an activity we use the present perfect simple.

Silvia's hands are covered in paint. - She has been painting a mural. Silvia has painted a mural. - It's full of bright colours. (She has finished painting it)

Situations that started in the past and continue in the present

They have been living in Madrid since 2018He has been waiting for his friends for three hours.

Examples Lauren's gone out (She isn't at home now) Matt has lost his glasses (He hasn't got them now)

New info or to talk about a recent event Examples Ouch! A mosquito has beaten me. My sister has had a baby.

When we talk about the first, the second, etc time something has hapened.Examples It's the first /fifth time Ana has texted me today!

-To say how long something has been happeningFor: Periods of time (an hour, two weeks, three months, ten years, etc) Since: A specific moment in time or to indicate the start of a period (two o'clock, yesterday morning, Thursday, 1996, Christmas, etc) Examples: Dylan has been at the library since two o'clock today. My mother and my stepfather have been husband and wife for five years

Ever, already, never and just

They can be used both with Present Perfect and Past Perfect. They go before the verb.Olive has just had a baby girl (She had her daughter a few minutes ago) Have you ever been on holiday without your family? (In your whole life) Dani has already posted the news on his social media accounts. (He has updated his social media accounts sooner than expected) He has never held a baby before.

Yet (ONLY IN QUESTIONS AND NEGATIVE SENTENCES)

-We are expecting something to happen. It is used at the end of the sentence. Has your sister moved house yet?

Events that took place at an specified time in the past. Examples: Have you ever changed a nappy? My father has moved house four times