MICROPARTICLES PRESENTATION

TITANIUM

START

INDEX

1. characteristics

2. where is it?

3. cosmetic field

4. anodization

5. moon and titanium

6. medical field

7. food industry

8. organic compounds

characteristics

Titanium is the chemical element of the periodic table of elements which has atomic number 22 and symbol Ti.

With atomic weight 47.867, it is light and robust: its properties combine high strength, toughness, rigidity, low density and good corrosion resistance.

As regards electrical conductivity, titanium is not a good conductor of electricity, and offers high electrical resistance.

On the market it is found as an alloy or as pure titanium and is classified into four grades, based on resistance and usability.

WHERE IS IT?

In nature, titanium is the ninth most abundant element in the Earth's crust; it is found only with oxygen as an oxide and is available only at low concentrations. It is present in many magmatic rocks and derived sediments and in many minerals, the most important and expensive being: - Ilmenite - Leukoxen - Rutile Deposits of these titanium minerals are found in Australia, Scandinavia, North America, Malaysia, and the Beigua Regional Nature Park in Liguria.

Why isn't titanium extracted from the Ligurian deposit?

COSMETIC FIELD

In cosmetics it is usually used in the form of nanoparticles (nano-titanium dioxide), which are much smaller than those used for food use.

It is used to make cosmetics, including creams, makeup and is in the composition of some sunscreen products because of its ability to shield the ultraviolet component of the sun's rays.

Titanium dioxide is widely used in cosmetics, especially in make-up, to give the product a white color and increase its opacity.

anodization

What is the anodizing process? How does the process happen?

how is the color obtained?

The coloring is obtained by subtraction: for every thickness greater than a certain value, some wavelengths are missing from the white light which interfere in a more destructive way than others; the resulting color is the sum of the remaining wavelengths.

12%

MOON AND TITANIUM

After analysis of lunar samples brought to earth, it was seen that the satellite contains a very high percentage of titanium, about 12 percent. Thanks to this discovery in the future we could exploit lunar deposits.

MEDICAL FIELD

There are a number of characteristics that make titanium the perfect choice for surgical instrumentation: • It is harder than some csteel, but lighter. • These are resistant bacteria. • Can be used in combination with instruments that emit radiation. • Titanium is incredibly durable, giving tools greater longevity.

WHY is it used in this field?

Thanks to its particular strength and resistance to corrosion, titanium has long been widely used in the dental and orthopedic fields, especially because, in patients undergoing implants made of this material, there isn't the immune response that naormally occurs when a foreign material is inserted inside the body.

medical field

surgical instruments

prosthesis

Due to these great properties, it is used to create a number of titanium surgical devices:• Surgical forceps • Retractors • surgical tweezers • Suture tools • Scissors • Micro needle and needle holder • dental scaler • dental lifts • dental drills • Lasik eye surgery equipment • Laser electrodes

Some of the most common uses for titanium are in hip and knee replacement surgeries. It is also used to replace shoulder and elbow and to protect vertebrae after complicated and invasive back surgery.

FOOD INDUSTRY

E171

Titanium dioxide - TiO2 - it’s used as a coloring agent in the food industry (E171) and is present in many foods, including desserts and fish and cheese products. In this regard, the European Food Safety Authority said that the data available so far do not allow for harmful effects to be associated with its ingestion, but further investigations are needed to determine what is an acceptable daily dose without endangering health, and investigations must also be made in case the substance is present in nanoparticles, given the possibility of penetrating the skin and entering the bloodstream. Therefore, France has decided to ban the marketing of products containing titanium from 2020.

titan and organic compounds

Titanium dioxide is also a well-known catalyst capable of degrading numerous organic compounds by oxidation. By exploiting this property it is possible to obtain materials which, through activation by sunlight, are capable of destroying the organic compounds deposited on them. This property could potentially lead to the development of a new class of materials with self-cleaning and depolluting properties.

surfaces treated with photocatalytic coatings are able to perform three main actions: - anti-pollution: reduction of toxic air pollutants produced by cars, factories, home heating, ... - self-cleaning: elimination of dirt that degrades internal and external surfaces. - antibacterial: inhibition of the proliferation of mould, fungi and bacteria.

SITOGRAPHY

https://www.efsa.europa.eu/it/news/titanium-dioxide-e171-no-longer-considered-safe-when-used-food-additive https://www.repubblica.it/salute/2022/07/02/news/biossido_titanio_bandito_cibi_creme_i_rischi-354753427/ https://royalfangpiercing.it/anodizzazione-come-coloriamo-la-gioielleria/#:~:text=L'anodizzazione%20della%20superficie%20del,l'uso%20di%20energia%20elettrica. https://www.salvatigioielli.com/orecchini-titanio-chirurgico-leggerissimi-ed-anallergici/ https://www.wineandfoodtour.it/e-in-italia-il-piu-grande-giacimento-al-mondo-di-titanio-non-viene-estratto-perche/ https://www.tipure.it/products/plastics https://magazine.x115.it/x115/biossido-di-titanio/ https://www.mecolpress.com/il-titanio-e-le-sue-proprieta/#:~:text=Con%20peso%20atomico%2047%2C867%2C%20%C3%A8,leganti%20e%20processi%20di%20deformazione. https://www.meccanicanews.com/2020/02/18/titanio-tutto-cio-che-si-deve-sapere/ https://bama-technologies.com/anodizzazione-titanio/#:~:text=L'anodizzazione%20titanio%20%C3%A8%20quindi,elementi%20come%20aria%20e%20acqua. https://it.cxmetti.com/info/anodizing-process-of-titanium-and-its-alloys-54909753.html

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