ATOMIC MODELS

ATOMIC MODELS:

LETS TALK ABOUT NEUTRONS!

SAMARA ROSALES ROJAS 3ºB

RUTHERFORDS THEORY

Rutherford's atomic model was proposed in 1911, created to better explain the internal structure of the atom, he discovered the protons and structured the model in this way, putting around the nucleus and at great distances from it the electrons, of negative electric charge, which orbit it in circular trajectories, his experiment was performed with a gold foil, the experiment consisted of "bombarding" a thin gold foil with a beam of alpha particles and observing how the different metal foils affected the trajectory of these rays, so we are left with this model of the atom with the nucleus in the center, and the protons and electrons of different charge orbiting around the nucleus.

LI ON THE PERIODIC TABLE:

Lithium (Li) is the atomic number 3, in its atomic structure there are 3 positively charged protons, 4 neutrons and 3 negative electrons.

MORE ABOUT THE NEUTRONS...

Neutrons are particles of the atom, they are located in the nucleus of the atom, they were discovered by James Chadwick in 1932, since they were not in the other atomic models, they did not appear because they do not have an electric charge, so it was very difficult to discover them, after this discovery, a discovery led directly to nuclear fission and the atomic bomb.

THOMSON'S THEORY

Thomson's atomic model was proposed in 1904, before he discovered the existence of the electron, thus denying Dalton's theory that the atom was the smallest particle, Thomson's experiment was performed with cathode ray tubes, they discovered that if they constructed a glass tube with wires inserted at both ends and pumped out as much air as possible, an electric charge passing through the tube from the wires would create a fluorescent glow. This cathode ray was also given the name "electron gun", thus setting up the raisin pudding model, saying that the electtrons are embedded in the atom.

DALTON'S THEORY

Dalton's Atomic Theory or Dalton's Atomic Model was the first scientifically based model of the fundamental structure of matter. It was postulated between 1803 and 1807 by the British naturalist, chemist and mathematician John Dalton (1766-1844), under the name of "Atomic Theory" or "Atomic Postulates", Dalton's theory says that the atom is the smallest particle that exists, at this time they still did not know about protons and electrons.