HUMAN BODY PRESENTATION

Digestive system

SEE YOUR BODY FROM THE INSIDE

Rikza Nur

Learning Objectives

• Students can name the different types of digestive organs
• Students can explain the function of digestive organs
• Through group work, students are expected to be able to make products as media learning for the human digestive system

Teaching Materials

ICE BREAKING

clap hands in multiples of 3

example of digestive system props

understanding the digestive system

The digestive system is a series of organ tissues that have the function of digesting food, both chemically and mechanically. The main function of the digestive system is to convert and absorb food into the nutrients the body needs. The organs involved in the human digestive system include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus.

organs in the digestive system

Mouth

Tooth

Salivary gland

Tongue

The process of digestion of food in the mouth involves two types of digestion, namely mechanical digestion and chemical digestion

Esophagus

The esophagus is a tube-like channel 20 cm long that connects the oral cavity to the stomach. In the esophagus, peristaltic movements occur.

Esophagus

Stomach

The stomach is the most elastic part of the human digestive organ. The stomach is shaped like a pouch and is located in the upper left abdominal cavity. In the stomach, food undergoes mechanical and chemical digestion.

Stomach

Small intestine

The small intestine is a long tube-shaped organ that absorbs nutrients from food and carries out a number of other functions in the digestive process. The small intestine consists of several parts with their respective uses. The enzymes in the small intestine help in breaking down large molecules into smaller molecules so that they are more easily absorbed by the body

Small intestine

large intestine

Large Intestine

Its function is to absorb fluids, vitamins and minerals from food waste that has been absorbed by the small intestine. In the large intestine, only water absorption occurs and the decay of food waste is aided by bacteria.

Rectum and Anus

The rectum functions as a temporary storage place for feces. When the rectum is completely filled with feces, the nerves will send a response to the brain which causes a feeling of wanting to defecate. The anus is the place where feces comes out of the body.

Rectum and Anus

Additional digestive organs

1. LiverThe largest glandular organ in the human body. Its main function is to filter harmful substances in the blood. Meanwhile, for digestion, the liver produces bile which functions to absorb fats, proteins and carbohydrates2. PancreasPancreas: The pancreas is a glandular organ located behind the stomach. The pancreas produces digestive enzymes that help in the breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins and fats in the small intestine

Liver

Pancreas

QUIZ TIME!!

Lorem Ipsum

We all eat, and it would be a sad waste of opportunity to eat badly."

- Anna Thomas

thanks

The small intestine is the part of the digestive tract that lies between the stomach and the large intestine. The small intestine consists of three parts, namely the duodenum (12-finger intestine), jejunum (empty intestine), and ileum (absorptive intestine). The process of food digestion in the small intestine involves chemical digestion aided by enzymes from the pancreas, bile and liver such as trypsin, amylase, maltase, sucrase, lactase and lipase. These enzymes help in the breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules that are more easily absorbed by the body.

• Amylase enzyme, functions to convert starch/amylum into sugar/glucose.
• Trypsin enzyme, serves to convert peptone into amino acids.
• Lipase enzyme, functions to convert fat into fatty acids and glycerol.

The tongue is an organ located in the mouth and has several parts, each of which has its own function.

• Tip: The tip is the most sensitive part as it has many taste papillae. Its main function is to taste the flavour of food.
• Edge: The edge of the tongue includes the very front of the tongue, close to the back of the incisors and the right and left edges. In the anatomy of the tongue, this part can move freely to the front, back, right, and left areas of the mouth. Not only that, the tip and edge are the parts of the tongue that are sensitive to the flavour of the food or drink that comes in.

• Base: The base is located at the back of the mouth, close to the throat. Its function is to help swallow food and direct it to the oesophagus.
• Body: produces sounds and speech, and regulates the movement of food during the swallowing process.

Salivary glands produce saliva which helps in the process of digestion of food. Saliva contains enzymes that help in the breakdown of carbohydrates. The enzyme in question is the Ptyalin enzyme which plays a role in converting starch into glucose.

E. coli (Escherichia coli) bacteria have an important role in the human digestive system, helping to decompose food and break down compounds to release inaccessible nutrients. E. coli bacteria also help in the production of vitamin K through food spoilage.

Gastric juice consists of 3 enzymes including: pepsin enzyme, which breaks down protein into peptone. Renin enzyme, serves to precipitate milk protein into casein. Hydrochloric acid/HCl, serves to acidify food and kill germs that enter along with food.

Teeth play a role in mechanical digestion, namely the process of processing food that involves physical movement. Where the teeth will cut the incoming food into smaller pieces.

Peristalsis is the squeezing motion performed by the walls of the oesophagus to push food into the stomach.