Unit 3 Vocabulary

Vocabulary

Chemical Bonding

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Chemical Bonds

binary compound

Covalent Bonds

Ionic Bonds

nonmetal + Nonmetal

metal + Nonmetal

pure substance

diatomic element

VSPER

ion

Lone Pair

cation

anion

chemical formula

monoatomic Ion

Nonpolar Bond

Triple Bond

Polar Bond

polyatomic ion

Resonance Structure

Molecular Compound

Molecular Formula

crystal lattice

formula unit

oxidation state

Coordinate Covalent Bond

ionization energy

Lewis Structure

electrostatic force

Bond Energy

lattice energy

Ligands

Single Bond

Dipole Moment

brittle

dissociate

Empirical Formula

Double Bond

Molecule

Metallic Bonds

metal + metal

delocalized

ductile

alloy

malleable

chemical bond

an electrical force between 2 atoms that keeps them together and allows them to form a stable chemical compound

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covalent bond

a type of chemical bond between 2 nonmetal atoms where both atoms share valence electrons to achieve a full octet in their outer shell

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ionic bond

a type of chemical bond where electrons are transfered from the metal to the nonmetal atom creating opposite electric forces that keep the atoms together

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metallic bond

a type of chemical bond resulting from the electrostatic attraction between metal cations to the free-flowing electrons shared among all atoms

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Covalent Bonds

Lone pair

non-bonding or unshared pair of electrons in a compound

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Covalent Bonds

Polar bond

a type of covalent bond where the electrons are unequally shared leaving both atoms with partial opposite charges

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Covalent Bonds

molecular formula

a formula giving the exact number and types of atoms present in a molecule of a substance

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Covalent Bonds

Coordinate

covalent bond

type of bond where the pair of shared electrons come from only one of the atoms

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Covalent Bonds

dipole moment

a way to represent the direction and size of the 2 opposite charged ends of a polar molecule

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Covalent Bonds

Empirical

formula

a formula that shows the simplest whole number ratios of atoms present in a compound

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Covalent Bonds

Diatomic element

elements that in their elemental form exist as 2 atoms bonded together

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Covalent Bonds

triple bond

a type of covalent bond in which 2 atoms share 3 pairs of electrons

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Covalent Bonds

Molecular

compound

a pure substance composed of individual molecules

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Covalent Bonds

bond energy

the energy needed to form or break a bond

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Covalent Bonds

molecule

a group of 2 or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

CH3COOH

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Covalent Bonds

single bond

a type of covalent bond in which 2 atoms share one pair of electrons

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Covalent Bonds

VSPER

model used to predict 3D shapes of molecules based on concept that electron pairs repel each other

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Covalent Bonds

nonpolar bond

a type of covalent bond in which elestrons are shared equally

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Covalent Bonds

resonance

structure

a set of 2 or more Lewis structures that collectively describe the electron bonding of a molecule

3 positions for the double bond

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Covalent Bonds

double bond

type of covalent bond where 2 atoms share 2 pairs of electrons

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Covalent Bonds

lewis structure

a simple representation of valence electrons in an atom or molecule using dots

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Ionic Bonds

Ion

an atom or molecule with a charge due to the loss or gain of electrons

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Ionic Bonds

Cation

an atom or molecule that has lost electrons leaving it with a positive charge

Na+

Mg2+

NH4+

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Ionic Bonds

Anion

an atom or molecule that has gained electrons leaving with a negative charge

OH-

O2-

SO42-

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Ionic Bonds

monoatomic ion

an ion consisting of only one atom

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Ionic Bonds

polyatomic ion

an ion consisting of more than one atom

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Ionic Bonds

binary compound

a chemical compound consisting of two different elements

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Ionic Bonds

Crystal llatice

a symmetrical 3D arrangement of atoms in a crystal

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Ionic Bonds

formula unit

the smallest representative unit of an ionic compound written as a chemical formula

NaCl

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Ionic Bonds

oxidation state

the charge of an atom or molecule resulting from a loss or gain of electrons

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Ionic Bonds

ionization energy

the energy needed to remove a valence electron from an atom

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Ionic Bonds

lattice energy

the amount of energy required to seperate 1 mole of an ionic compound into its individual ions

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Ionic Bonds

electrostatic

force

type of covalent bond where 2 atoms share 3 pairs of electrons

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Ionic Bonds

brittle

a pure substance composed of individual molecules

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Ionic Bonds

ionization energy

the energy needed to form or break a bond

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Ionic Bonds

lattice energy

elements that in their elemental form exist as 2 atoms bonded together

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Ionic Bonds

electrostatic

force

type of covalent bond where 2 atoms share 3 pairs of electrons

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Ionic Bonds

brittle

a pure substance composed of individual molecules

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Ionic Bonds

ionization energy

the energy needed to form or break a bond

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Ionic Bonds

lattice energy

elements that in their elemental form exist as 2 atoms bonded together

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Ionic Bonds

electrostatic

force

type of covalent bond where 2 atoms share 3 pairs of electrons

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