FORMAL AND DYNAMIC EQUIVALENCE
October 23rd, 2023
FORMAL EQUIVALENCE
fORMAL EQUIVALENCE
- Proposed by Nida- Focuses more in the original source- Consists in translating the text in its pure morphlogical and syntactic structure - Word for Word translation - Literal translation - Semantic structure - This was first implemented in the study of the translation of the Bible - This can be applied to any translation
formal equivalence
Example
Instrucciones de almacenamiento1. Asegúrese de que la Freidora de Aire esté desconectada y todas las piezas estén limpias y secas antes de guardar. 2. Nunca guardar la Freidora de Aire mientras esté caliente o húmeda. 3. Guardar la Freidora de Aire en su caja o en un lugar limpio y seco.
Storing Instructions
1. Make sure the Air Fryer is unplugged and all parts are clean and dry before storing.
2. Never store the Air Fryer while it is hot or wet.
3. Store Air Fryer in its box or in a clean, dry place
formal equivalence
Example
¡Vamos! Esta es la última cosa que yo quería hacer. Bueno, no tengo otra opción. Así que, vamos a comenzar... ¿Sabes qué? Yo tendré esto terminado mañana, porque tengo otra cosa por hacer. ¿Qué pasa si se enojan conmigo? Quieren soluciones, pero tienen que esperar.
C'mon! This is the last thing that I wanted to do. Well, I have no choice. So, let's begin... You know what? I'll get this done tomorrow, because I have other stuff to do. What if they get mad at me? They want solutions, but they have to wait.
formal equivalence
Example
¡Dame un descanso! Yo le di la luz verde, ¡pero no atrapó eso! ¿Puedes creer eso? Él es el partido, pero es increíble que no vio las señales, ¡y estaban debajo de su nariz! ¿Si voy a seguir intentando? Yo significo, él es algo caliente, pero su intelecto está apartado del radar.
Gimme a break! I gave him the green light, but he didn't catch that! Can you believe that? He's quite the catch, but it's incredible that he didn't see the signs, and they were right under his nose! If I'm gonna keep tryin'? I mean, he's kinda hot, but his intellect is far off the radar.
fORMAL EQUIVALENCE
Pros: - Gives us a general idea of the text - It's not an issue in technical, medical, pharmaceutical texts. - We work based on the meaning of the words in the dictionary - Not exactly an automatic translation (human translation can also perform this kind of translations)
fORMAL EQUIVALENCE
Cons: - Since we only give a general idea of the text, we can omit a lot of aspects within the text. - It's an issue if we are translating text that use everyday language. - We work based on the meaning of the words in the dictionary; we don't take into account idioms, expressions, slang, etc. - Literal and word for word translation aren't effective
DYNAMIC EQUIVALENCE
dynamic EQUIVALENCE
- Proposed by Nida- Focuses more in the target audience- Consists in translating the text taking into account the language used by people - Adaptation - Communicative translation - Idiomatic translation - This was later implemented in translation studies - This can be applied to any translation
dynamic equivalence
Cómo guardar tu Freidora de Aire1. Verifica que tu Freidora de Aire [insertar marca] no esté conectada y que hayas lmpiado y secado todas sus piezas antes de guardarla. 2. Nunca guardes tu Freidora de Aire si sigue caliente o húmeda después de que la hayas usado. 3. Guarda tu Freidora de Aire en la caja donde vino o en un lugar limpio y seco.
Example
Storing Instructions
1. Make sure the Air Fryer is unplugged and all parts are clean and dry before storing.
2. Never store the Air Fryer while it is hot or wet.
3. Store Air Fryer in its box or in a clean, dry place
dynamic equivalence
Example
¡Ay, por favor! Eso es lo último de lo que me quería encargar. Ya qué, no me queda de otra. Pero bueno, empezemos con esto... ¿Sabes? Ya mañana lo terminaré, porque tengo otros pendientes. ¿Y qué si se enojan? ¿Quieren soluciones? Pues que se esperen.
C'mon! This is the last thing that I wanted to do. Well, I have no choice. So, let's begin... You know what? I'll get this done tomorrow, because I have other stuff to do. What if they get mad at me? They want solutions, but they have to wait.
dynamic equivalence
Example
¡Por todos los cielos! Yo le di señales de dar el siguiente paso, ¡pero ni le cachó a mi indirecta! ¿Acaso puedes creerlo? Es un galán y lo que quieras, pero no puedo creer que ni se diera cuenta. ¡Y era así de obvio! ¿Que siga intentando? O sea, es muy apuesto, pero su cabecita no da ni una.
Gimme a break! I gave him the green light, but he didn't catch that hint! Can you believe that? He's quite the catch, but it's incredible that he didn't see the signs, and they were right under his nose! If I'm gonna keep tryin'? I mean, he's kinda hot, but his intellect is far off the radar.
dynamic EQUIVALENCE
Pros: - We can explain much better the ideas with different words. - We can use everyday language in order to connect with the target audience - We work based on the meaning of the words outside the dictionary - Human translation is necessary to perform this kind of translations - We can avoid the issues with Word for Word and Literal translation
fORMAL EQUIVALENCE
Issues: - We must take into account a lot of elements within the text in order to translate accordingly - It can be used in certain academic or formal texts, but remember that most of them use a determined writing - Since we take into account idioms, expressions, slang, etc., you must understand very well their uses and their possible translations; a lot of mistakes tend to happen - Cultural equivalences and their adaptation
versus
formal
DYNAMIC
LiteralGeneral ideas Can be used carefully Better used in formal texts Text doesn't flow naturally Mechanical flow
Idiomatic Expressive Ideas with different words Better used in media with everyday language Text flows naturally Issues in adaptation
VS
Formal and Dynamic Equivalence
Adrián Ruíz
Created on October 20, 2023
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Transcript
FORMAL AND DYNAMIC EQUIVALENCE
October 23rd, 2023
FORMAL EQUIVALENCE
fORMAL EQUIVALENCE
- Proposed by Nida- Focuses more in the original source- Consists in translating the text in its pure morphlogical and syntactic structure - Word for Word translation - Literal translation - Semantic structure - This was first implemented in the study of the translation of the Bible - This can be applied to any translation
formal equivalence
Example
Instrucciones de almacenamiento1. Asegúrese de que la Freidora de Aire esté desconectada y todas las piezas estén limpias y secas antes de guardar. 2. Nunca guardar la Freidora de Aire mientras esté caliente o húmeda. 3. Guardar la Freidora de Aire en su caja o en un lugar limpio y seco.
Storing Instructions 1. Make sure the Air Fryer is unplugged and all parts are clean and dry before storing. 2. Never store the Air Fryer while it is hot or wet. 3. Store Air Fryer in its box or in a clean, dry place
formal equivalence
Example
¡Vamos! Esta es la última cosa que yo quería hacer. Bueno, no tengo otra opción. Así que, vamos a comenzar... ¿Sabes qué? Yo tendré esto terminado mañana, porque tengo otra cosa por hacer. ¿Qué pasa si se enojan conmigo? Quieren soluciones, pero tienen que esperar.
C'mon! This is the last thing that I wanted to do. Well, I have no choice. So, let's begin... You know what? I'll get this done tomorrow, because I have other stuff to do. What if they get mad at me? They want solutions, but they have to wait.
formal equivalence
Example
¡Dame un descanso! Yo le di la luz verde, ¡pero no atrapó eso! ¿Puedes creer eso? Él es el partido, pero es increíble que no vio las señales, ¡y estaban debajo de su nariz! ¿Si voy a seguir intentando? Yo significo, él es algo caliente, pero su intelecto está apartado del radar.
Gimme a break! I gave him the green light, but he didn't catch that! Can you believe that? He's quite the catch, but it's incredible that he didn't see the signs, and they were right under his nose! If I'm gonna keep tryin'? I mean, he's kinda hot, but his intellect is far off the radar.
fORMAL EQUIVALENCE
Pros: - Gives us a general idea of the text - It's not an issue in technical, medical, pharmaceutical texts. - We work based on the meaning of the words in the dictionary - Not exactly an automatic translation (human translation can also perform this kind of translations)
fORMAL EQUIVALENCE
Cons: - Since we only give a general idea of the text, we can omit a lot of aspects within the text. - It's an issue if we are translating text that use everyday language. - We work based on the meaning of the words in the dictionary; we don't take into account idioms, expressions, slang, etc. - Literal and word for word translation aren't effective
DYNAMIC EQUIVALENCE
dynamic EQUIVALENCE
- Proposed by Nida- Focuses more in the target audience- Consists in translating the text taking into account the language used by people - Adaptation - Communicative translation - Idiomatic translation - This was later implemented in translation studies - This can be applied to any translation
dynamic equivalence
Cómo guardar tu Freidora de Aire1. Verifica que tu Freidora de Aire [insertar marca] no esté conectada y que hayas lmpiado y secado todas sus piezas antes de guardarla. 2. Nunca guardes tu Freidora de Aire si sigue caliente o húmeda después de que la hayas usado. 3. Guarda tu Freidora de Aire en la caja donde vino o en un lugar limpio y seco.
Example
Storing Instructions 1. Make sure the Air Fryer is unplugged and all parts are clean and dry before storing. 2. Never store the Air Fryer while it is hot or wet. 3. Store Air Fryer in its box or in a clean, dry place
dynamic equivalence
Example
¡Ay, por favor! Eso es lo último de lo que me quería encargar. Ya qué, no me queda de otra. Pero bueno, empezemos con esto... ¿Sabes? Ya mañana lo terminaré, porque tengo otros pendientes. ¿Y qué si se enojan? ¿Quieren soluciones? Pues que se esperen.
C'mon! This is the last thing that I wanted to do. Well, I have no choice. So, let's begin... You know what? I'll get this done tomorrow, because I have other stuff to do. What if they get mad at me? They want solutions, but they have to wait.
dynamic equivalence
Example
¡Por todos los cielos! Yo le di señales de dar el siguiente paso, ¡pero ni le cachó a mi indirecta! ¿Acaso puedes creerlo? Es un galán y lo que quieras, pero no puedo creer que ni se diera cuenta. ¡Y era así de obvio! ¿Que siga intentando? O sea, es muy apuesto, pero su cabecita no da ni una.
Gimme a break! I gave him the green light, but he didn't catch that hint! Can you believe that? He's quite the catch, but it's incredible that he didn't see the signs, and they were right under his nose! If I'm gonna keep tryin'? I mean, he's kinda hot, but his intellect is far off the radar.
dynamic EQUIVALENCE
Pros: - We can explain much better the ideas with different words. - We can use everyday language in order to connect with the target audience - We work based on the meaning of the words outside the dictionary - Human translation is necessary to perform this kind of translations - We can avoid the issues with Word for Word and Literal translation
fORMAL EQUIVALENCE
Issues: - We must take into account a lot of elements within the text in order to translate accordingly - It can be used in certain academic or formal texts, but remember that most of them use a determined writing - Since we take into account idioms, expressions, slang, etc., you must understand very well their uses and their possible translations; a lot of mistakes tend to happen - Cultural equivalences and their adaptation
versus
formal
DYNAMIC
LiteralGeneral ideas Can be used carefully Better used in formal texts Text doesn't flow naturally Mechanical flow
Idiomatic Expressive Ideas with different words Better used in media with everyday language Text flows naturally Issues in adaptation
VS