Industrial revolution

Industrial Revolution

Agricultural Revolution

Causes and consequences

Development (Stages)

Basque Industrial Revolution

Agricultural Revolution

BEFORE

AFTER

Very low productivity. It was an inefficient system and only produced enough to feed families subsistence farming.

The Productivity increased. Good could be made faster and of better quality.

Productivity

A smaller workforce was needed so lots of them were forced to move to the cities. Many labourers could not afford land so they became landlords' employees.

Common lands used by villagers for wood and grazing animals.

Workforce

Very old quality tools for manual farming.

Many inventors have invented tools which allow mechanised farming

TOOLS

Very old systems and methods. Open field agriculture and land left fallow. Harvester Seed drills

Many ways of running farms and growing crops improved for instance, animal-breeding, land-management crop rotation and soil fertility was increased

Agricultural Sistem and methods

CONCLUSIONS

With regard to tools, before the revolution there wasn’t mechanised machinery but after it, this machinery appeared. One big difference is that productivity increases.Another point regarding workforce is that instead of the Peasants managing the field, they become labourers on the Landlords lands. Concerning workforce, this decreases.

Industrial Revolution's

causes and consequences

CAUSES

- Demographic increase - New agricultural techniques- Current system couldn't produce enough for all the population - Unefficient methods for clothing/farming - New energy sources discovered - Landlords had a lot of capital and wanted more profitable systems in their lands

CONSEQUENCES

- Growth of the cities - Rapid economic development - New division of labour - Birth of the industrial working class - Disappearance of the urban artisans - New technology - More differences between countries - Creation of factories - Disappearance of the domestic system - Estate-based society became a class-based society - More production, more quiky, and cheaply.

Development (Stages)

There are 4 stages at the indutrial revolution, but it hasn't ended yet, we are part of the fourth stage of the industrial revolution

- Period: 1780-1850 - Energy sources: Coal and steam - Machinery: Steam engine, railways, mechanical loom, cotton mills, harvesters, seed drills… - Basic industries: Textile and iron - Means of tranportation: Trains, ships - Market: Internal / Europe - Workforce: Non-organised factory workers - Spread: The United Kingdom

1st INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

- Period: 1850-1945- Energy sources: Petrol and electricity - Machinery: Oven, vacuum cleaner, washing machine… (appliances), car... - Basic industries: Electricity, chemical, automobile and steel - Means of tranportation: airplanes, cars and ships - Market: World / International - Workforce: The workforce was mainly qualified and organised by Trade Unions - Spread: Germany, the United States of America, Japan and other European countries

2nd INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

- Period: 1945-2010 - Energy sources: Petro, nuclear and renewable - Machinery: Internet, Robot, computers, telephony, mobile... - Basic industries: Electronic, computers, bio-sanitary and nuclear - Means of tranportation: Steamship, automobile and airplane - Market: World - Workforce: Highly qualified workers - Spread: MEDCs and BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa)

3rd INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

4th INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

- Period: 2010-Today

DIFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES

- Similarly, an important way of transport of both revolutions, 1st and 2nd, is ship. - Concerning basic industries we can see that whereas in the first industrial revolution the textile and the iron industries were basic, in the second one, they were the chemical, electricity, automobile and steel industries. - On the one hand, the first industrial revolution spread only in the United Kingdom and on the other hand, the second one spread through The United States of America, Japan and some European countries, such as Germany and France. - As far as workforce is concerned, whereas in the first revolution there were non-organised factory workers, in the second industrial revolution the workforce is mainly qualified and organised by the Trade Union. - With regard to energy sources, even though the most relevant sources in the first revolution were coal and steam, in the second revolution the most relevant ones were petrol and energy.

Basque industrial revolution

Type of industry Size of industry Location of industry Industry workers

Industrial model of Biscay

Industrial model of Gipuzkoa

Based on iron In 1870, Biscay was Europe’s biggest exporter of iron-ore. The bourgeoises capital allowed the big factories The whole Bilbao zone was industrialised Many were from other parts of the Basque country and Spain.

Based on different sectors: iron, paper, textiles, etc. Factories were small but they had different functions and they were all built up from local capital. Factories were spreaded around Gipuzkoa Mostly workers from Gipuzkoa

CONCLUSIONS

The main similarity of both industries is that both work in the iron sector, although in Gipuzkoa is also mostly based in paper and textiles. Another similarity is the precedence of the capital, in both cases the capital used to industrialise is from the native people. Regarding the workforce, in Biscay there are outsiders whereas in Gipuzkoa all the workers are local. One one hand, the most industrialised part of Biscay was Bilbao. On the other hand, the industry was spreaded around Gipuzkoa. Concerning size, Gizpuzkoa’s industry wasn’t as big as Biscay’s.