Parts and Functions of the Brain-Diego Fonseca

Damage

Cerebellum

Function

The cerebellum has special sensors that detect shifts in balance and movement. It sends signals for the body to adjust and move. Coordinating movement: Most body movements require the coordination of multiple muscle groups. The cerebellum times muscle actions so that the body can move smoothly.

• Loss of coordination of motor movement.
• The inability to judge distance and when to stop.
• The inability to perform rapid alternating movements.
• Movement tremors.

Damage

Brain Stem

Functions

It is responsible for many vital functions of life, such as breathing, consciousness, blood pressure, heart rate, and sleep. The brainstem contains many critical collections of white and grey matter. The grey matter within the brainstem consists of nerve cell bodies and forms many important brainstem nuclei.

Brain stem damage is rare. Most injuries to the brain stem are the result of swelling in other areas of the brain as swelling forces the brain stem against the skull. You can also suffer brain stem damage after a brain stem stroke or diffuse axonal injury that tears the brain cells in the midbrain, pons, or medulla.

Damage

Front Lobe

Functions

Reasoning:This includes simple and complex information.Social Understanding:Helps determine what you should and shouldnt or say. Executive Function:Self-control ,inhibitions,attention span, and working memory. Voluntary muscle functions:Intentional movements also control speaking.

• Loss of movement
• Difficult in performing tasks that require movements.
• Problems in their speech

Damage

Occipital Lobe

Functions

The occipital lobe is the visual processing area of the brain. It is associated with visuospatial processing, distance and depth perception, color determination, object and face recognition, and memory formation.The occipital lobe is found in the back portion of the brain where it caters to the primary visual cortex. It is the portion of the human brain that functions as a visual processing region interpreting the information that the eyes perceived.

• Production of hallucinations.
• Visual illusions - inaccurately seeing objects. Word blindness - inability to recognise words.
• Difficulty in recognizing drawn objects.

Damage

Parietal Lobe

Functions

Is vital for sensory perception and integration, including the management of taste, hearing, sight, touch, and smell. It is home to the brain's primary somatic sensory cortex , a region where the brain interprets input from other areas of the body.

Damage to the left parietal lobe can result in what is called "Gerstmann's Syndrome." It includes right-left confusion, difficulty with writing (agraphia) and difficulty with mathematics (acalculia). It can also produce disorders of language (aphasia) and the inability to perceive objects normally (agnosia).

Damage

Temporal Lobe

Functions

Primarily involved with auditory perception, however also plays an important role in memory, specific perception such as recognition of objects and peoples faces as well as emotional responses to sensory information and memories.The temporal lobe of your brain is a pair of areas on your brain's left and right sides. These areas, which are inside your skull near your temples and ears, play a role in managing your emotions, processing information from your senses, storing and retrieving memories, and understanding language.

• Difficulty learning and retaining new information. Impaired factual and long-term memory. Persistent talking. Difficulty in recognising faces.Damage to the temporal lobes of the cerebrum would interfere with the processing of olfactory(smell) and auditory(sound) impulses. After suffering a stroke, a patient is unable to speak.