Past perfect

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Past Pefect

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Contents

1.

Presentation

2.

Examples of uses

3.

Past perfect continuous

4.

Quiz

Presentation

To form the past perfect, we use = subject + "HAD"+ the participle of the verb

01

Past Perfect refers back to finished actions that happenened before other events in the past that are mentionned in the same sentence

Future

Past

Present

Previous Past action

Completed past action

Preterit

Past Perfect

02

It's a tense similar to the "Plus-que-parfait" in French

Examples of uses

1/ Yesterday, the bus had already left when Sarah arrived at the bus stop.

First action: The bus leaves

Second action: Sarah arrived

2/ We played cards after the children had gone to bed.

Second action: we can play cards, this 2nd action can be replace by a date in the past

First action: Kids are in bed

3/ I had never been to an opera before 'last night'.

You will see in the following slides that 3 others cases exists

Conditional (unreal from the past)

If + past perfect ---> would have + past participle

If Tom had been able to pilot a rocket, he would have gone to the Moon.

Regrets from the past

wish + past perfect

I wish Bob had passed his driving test. / We wish he hadn't failed his exam.

Indirect speech

Tony: I have seen weird mushrooms

He had seen weird mushrooms

When in the direct speech the verb is used with preterit or present perfect, the indirect version of the same speech will in past perfect.

Past perfect continous

01

had been + the -ing form of the verb

Example : When I went outside this morning the ground was wet. It had been raining.

Use it to talk about the duration of an activity up to a point in the past

02

Do not use the past perfect continous with stative verbs like know, like, ... Just use past perfect

03

Time for a little recap

Find the answers of our little quizz to know if you are now a master of past perfect

May the past perfect be with you

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