Patho Proje

Addisons

index

• pathophysiology
• risk / signs/symptoms

• diagnosis
• medications
• nursing interventions
• if Unmedicated/Untreated

Pathophysiology

Primary caused by autoimmunity Adrenal insufficiency, the symptoms of which result from hormonal deficiencies: glucocorticosteroids, mineralocorticosteroids and androgens

HPA Axis

Inside the body

Adrenal cortex destruction, the body will not produce enough ACTH The body will attack the hormones Hypofunction on producing many hormones

Adrenal Glands

Tempor Labore

SIGNS / Symptoms

• Hypotonia
• Weight loss

• Salt craving
• Gastrointestinal disorders
• Hyperpigmentation of the skin (vertilgo)
• Mucous membranes

Hyperpigmentation

Hypotonia

Gastro Issues

Diagnosis

Sim Lab

Blood Test

Imaging

What if?

Medications

Hormonal Replacement

Hydrocortisone 3x-5x a day

Fludrocortisol (adjust meds by needs)

Prednisone or Dexamethasone

Interventions

Monitoring their intake of fluids and sodium to prevent dehydration

Monitor Blood Pressure, Esp i it reports as low

Assisting with ADL's

Providing emotional support and providing education about the condition

COMPLICATIONS

• Higher risk of death due to infections
• Cancer
• Cardiovascular causes
• Hypotension
• Shock
• Hypoglycemia
• Acute cardiovascular decompensation
• Death

thanks

Simulation Test

The adrenal gland is told by ACTH to produce They will test how much cortisol is produce after a shot of ACTH

Where they are located?

Bilaterally on kidneys

HPA Axis

• Hypothalamus, Pitutary, Adrenal
• Hypofunction

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Blood Test

They can test for certain levels of

• sodium
• potassium
• cortisol
• ACTH

Also testing for antibodies related to autoimmune Addisons

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Gastro Disorders

Caused by mineralocorticoids not produced enough and potassium and sodium reintake causes issues in the intenstines

Examples

• GERD
• IBS
• Ceciliac Disease

Gastroinstential Issues

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Gallstones Celiac disease

Hypotonia

Weakness or lessened muscle tone

Imaging

They will look for the adrenal gland and analyze its physical size It will appear much smaller