A Nation Divided
What's the cause?
The number of free and slave states is currently equal, meaning that representation for all states is equal in congress.Northern free states and Southern slave states had stereotyped each other:Northern free states believed the white Southerners were aristocratic, lazy wealthy planters who succeeded due to slave laborSouthern slave states believed that Northerners were greedy capitalists, commercial and materialistic
Major Events
1820 to 1861
Use the timeline below to explore some of the larger trigger issues in more detail and depth.
A Nation Divided
1820
Nat Turner
Sectionalism
1820 Problem
1852
1850 Problem
1859
1857 Dred Scott
1854 Problem
1861
1859 Harper's Ferry
Secession
Election 1860
A Nation Divided
Sectionalism
Overemphasized political, economic, and social loyalty to a specific region of a country rather than the country as a whole. It is associated with the belief that different regions of a country have unique characteristics and values.
problem
1820
Missouri Seeks Entrance
However, this will change the balance of SLAVE versus FREE state representation.
Compromise
1820
Missouri Seeks Entrance
Draws an imaginary line across the US at 36-30. Any territory seeking admission to the Union ABOVE this line will be FREE, if the territory is BELOW this line will be it will be SLAVE.
Nat Turner's Rebellion
1831
A Slave Revolt
On Sunday, August 21, 1831, Nat Turner met in the forest on the outskirts of a Virginia plantation with six fellow slaves. With swords, muskets, axes, and other improvised weapons, the men went from house to house, farmstead to farmstead killing the white residents inside. The massacre continued for two days and resulted in the deaths of 55 men, women, and children.
Abolition
This is not the only method that fights slavery, but it does become large. Springs from the Constitutional Compromise - exist in North and South. The 1830s sees a large movement and formation of American Anti-Slavery Society.
A Movement
problem
1850
California Seeks Entrance
The United States gained territory from the Mexican-American War and California wants to join the United States. But what about the 36-30 line of the Compromise of 1820??
Compromise
1850
California Free, Fugitive Slave Act Harsh
The southern slave states agreed to California’s entry as a free state in exchange for a stronger Fugitive Slave Act. The Fugitive Slave Act is part of the Compromise of 1850.
ANALYSIS
Passed on September 18, 1850 by Congress, The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was part of the Compromise of 1850. The act required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state. The act also made the federal government responsible for finding, returning, and trying escaped slaves.
+ Info
Fugitive Slave Act
problem
1854
Kansas-Nebraska
The territories of Kansas and Nebraska both want to enter the Union - they are both above the 36-30 line. This will upset the balance -- or will it?
Watch
Kansas-Nebraska Act
1854
Popular Soverignty
Throwing out the Compromise of 1820 and even portions of the 1850 Compromise, Stephen Douglas and popular sovereignty win out. Each Territory will vote on it's future: SLAVE or FREE
problem
1857
Dred Scott
A slave SUES for his freedom based upon his extended residence, with his master, in the free states of Illinois and Wisconsin.
SCOTUS
1857
The Dred Scott Decision
“They [African Americans] are not included, and were not intended to be included, under the word ‘citizens' in the Constitution, and can therefore claim none of the rights and privileges which that instrument provides for and secures to citizens of the United States.”
Do you remmeber john brown?
1859
Harper's Ferry
“…if it is deemed necessary that I should forfeit my life for the furtherance of the ends of justice, and mingle my blood further with the blood of my children and with the blood of millions in this slave country whose rights are disregarded by wicked, cruel, and unjust enactments--I submit; so let it be done!”
Election 1860
1860
Presidental Elections
In the 1860 presidential race, four men ran for president – a northern Democrat, a southern Democrat, an Independent, and Lincoln, a Republican.
Due to the choice of 4 candidates, Lincoln, carrying the votes of the populous North, won.
Southerners became very fearful that the anti-slavery Republicans would try to change their way of life.
Watch
secession
1860
The South Sucedes
On December 20, 1860 South Carolina becomes the first state to secede from the Union. Over the next six weeks, six other states will vote to leave the Union. Finally, after the Battle at Fort Sumter Virginia, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Arkansas will join them.
The War
1861 to 1865
Use the timeline below to explore some of the larger battles or engagements in more depth and detail
A Nation Divided
1861
1862
Bull Run
Fort Sumter
1863
Antietam
Shiloh
1864
Chancellorsville
Gettysburg
Vicksburg
Chattanooga
1865
Atlanta
Savannah
Appomattox
April 12-13, 1861
Quick Facts
FORT SUMTER
July 21, 1861
Quick Facts
BULL RUN
April 6-7, 1862
Quick Facts
SHILOH
SEPTEMBER 17, 1862
Quick Facts
ANTIETAM
View
Watch
Emancipation Procalamation
1863
Lincoln Frees the Slaves, or does he?
On September 22, 1862, Abraham Lincoln issued the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation. This comes just days after the narrow victory at Antietam. This is a warning/opportunity for the South to rejoin the Union. This would 100% alter the focus of the war.
April 30 - May 6, 1863
Quick Facts
CHANCELLORSVILLE
May 18 - July 4, 1863
Quick Facts
VICKSBURG
July 1-3, 1863
Quick Facts
GETTYSBURG
November 23 - 25, 1863
Quick Facts
CHATTANOOGA
jULY 22, 1864
Quick Facts
ATLANTA
November 15 - December 21, 1864
Quick Facts
MARCH TO THE SEA
April 9, 1865
Quick Facts
APPOMATTOX
Civil War
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Transcript
A Nation Divided
What's the cause?
The number of free and slave states is currently equal, meaning that representation for all states is equal in congress.Northern free states and Southern slave states had stereotyped each other:Northern free states believed the white Southerners were aristocratic, lazy wealthy planters who succeeded due to slave laborSouthern slave states believed that Northerners were greedy capitalists, commercial and materialistic
Major Events
1820 to 1861
Use the timeline below to explore some of the larger trigger issues in more detail and depth.
A Nation Divided
1820
Nat Turner
Sectionalism
1820 Problem
1852
1850 Problem
1859
1857 Dred Scott
1854 Problem
1861
1859 Harper's Ferry
Secession
Election 1860
A Nation Divided
Sectionalism
Overemphasized political, economic, and social loyalty to a specific region of a country rather than the country as a whole. It is associated with the belief that different regions of a country have unique characteristics and values.
problem
1820
Missouri Seeks Entrance
However, this will change the balance of SLAVE versus FREE state representation.
Compromise
1820
Missouri Seeks Entrance
Draws an imaginary line across the US at 36-30. Any territory seeking admission to the Union ABOVE this line will be FREE, if the territory is BELOW this line will be it will be SLAVE.
Nat Turner's Rebellion
1831
A Slave Revolt
On Sunday, August 21, 1831, Nat Turner met in the forest on the outskirts of a Virginia plantation with six fellow slaves. With swords, muskets, axes, and other improvised weapons, the men went from house to house, farmstead to farmstead killing the white residents inside. The massacre continued for two days and resulted in the deaths of 55 men, women, and children.
Abolition
This is not the only method that fights slavery, but it does become large. Springs from the Constitutional Compromise - exist in North and South. The 1830s sees a large movement and formation of American Anti-Slavery Society.
A Movement
problem
1850
California Seeks Entrance
The United States gained territory from the Mexican-American War and California wants to join the United States. But what about the 36-30 line of the Compromise of 1820??
Compromise
1850
California Free, Fugitive Slave Act Harsh
The southern slave states agreed to California’s entry as a free state in exchange for a stronger Fugitive Slave Act. The Fugitive Slave Act is part of the Compromise of 1850.
ANALYSIS
Passed on September 18, 1850 by Congress, The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was part of the Compromise of 1850. The act required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state. The act also made the federal government responsible for finding, returning, and trying escaped slaves.
+ Info
Fugitive Slave Act
problem
1854
Kansas-Nebraska
The territories of Kansas and Nebraska both want to enter the Union - they are both above the 36-30 line. This will upset the balance -- or will it?
Watch
Kansas-Nebraska Act
1854
Popular Soverignty
Throwing out the Compromise of 1820 and even portions of the 1850 Compromise, Stephen Douglas and popular sovereignty win out. Each Territory will vote on it's future: SLAVE or FREE
problem
1857
Dred Scott
A slave SUES for his freedom based upon his extended residence, with his master, in the free states of Illinois and Wisconsin.
SCOTUS
1857
The Dred Scott Decision
“They [African Americans] are not included, and were not intended to be included, under the word ‘citizens' in the Constitution, and can therefore claim none of the rights and privileges which that instrument provides for and secures to citizens of the United States.”
Do you remmeber john brown?
1859
Harper's Ferry
“…if it is deemed necessary that I should forfeit my life for the furtherance of the ends of justice, and mingle my blood further with the blood of my children and with the blood of millions in this slave country whose rights are disregarded by wicked, cruel, and unjust enactments--I submit; so let it be done!”
Election 1860
1860
Presidental Elections
In the 1860 presidential race, four men ran for president – a northern Democrat, a southern Democrat, an Independent, and Lincoln, a Republican. Due to the choice of 4 candidates, Lincoln, carrying the votes of the populous North, won. Southerners became very fearful that the anti-slavery Republicans would try to change their way of life.
Watch
secession
1860
The South Sucedes
On December 20, 1860 South Carolina becomes the first state to secede from the Union. Over the next six weeks, six other states will vote to leave the Union. Finally, after the Battle at Fort Sumter Virginia, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Arkansas will join them.
The War
1861 to 1865
Use the timeline below to explore some of the larger battles or engagements in more depth and detail
A Nation Divided
1861
1862
Bull Run
Fort Sumter
1863
Antietam
Shiloh
1864
Chancellorsville
Gettysburg
Vicksburg
Chattanooga
1865
Atlanta
Savannah
Appomattox
April 12-13, 1861
Quick Facts
FORT SUMTER
July 21, 1861
Quick Facts
BULL RUN
April 6-7, 1862
Quick Facts
SHILOH
SEPTEMBER 17, 1862
Quick Facts
ANTIETAM
View
Watch
Emancipation Procalamation
1863
Lincoln Frees the Slaves, or does he?
On September 22, 1862, Abraham Lincoln issued the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation. This comes just days after the narrow victory at Antietam. This is a warning/opportunity for the South to rejoin the Union. This would 100% alter the focus of the war.
April 30 - May 6, 1863
Quick Facts
CHANCELLORSVILLE
May 18 - July 4, 1863
Quick Facts
VICKSBURG
July 1-3, 1863
Quick Facts
GETTYSBURG
November 23 - 25, 1863
Quick Facts
CHATTANOOGA
jULY 22, 1864
Quick Facts
ATLANTA
November 15 - December 21, 1864
Quick Facts
MARCH TO THE SEA
April 9, 1865
Quick Facts
APPOMATTOX