Argument Elements

Parts of an

Argument

Claim

Evidence

Counterclaim

Rebuttal

Reasons

Claim

The writer's STANCE on a topic.

• Includes:
• Topic
• Stance
• Reasoning

Example: Students in brick and mortar schools should have a four-day school week because it encourages better mental health.

Reason

A writer's justification or explanation for his or her claim Example: Having a four-day school week in brick and mortar schools would allow one day per week for students to dedicate to receiving tutoring, extra help, and support, which would take some of the burden off of them.

Evidence

The supporting information a writer uses to back up/support his or her reasons

Example: In "Supporting Students' Mental Health" Tara Robinson states, "7 out of 8 students held more positive beliefs about school when their district switched to a four-day school week."

Counterclaim

An objection or challenge to a claim, often brought up by the writer to anticipate challenges Example: A concern about the four-day school week is student loss of learning.

Rebuttal

A statement or reply meant to show fault in an opponent's argument Example: While students would be home from school one day a week, if the school district had a schedule in place to ensure students are practicing skills, such as tutoring sessions or one-to-one help, enhancement(rather than loss) of learning would occur.