Past Perfect Simple

Past Perfect Simple

Il past perfect definisce un tempo precedente a un altro tempo nel passato. Si usa per chiarire che un evento si è verificato prima di un altro evento nel passato. Si traduce generalmente con il trapassato prossimo.

Non è importante l'ordine in cui vengono dette le frasi perché il significato non cambia. John had gone out when I arrived in the office. = When I arrived, John had gone out.

Da ricordare che il past perfect viene spesso usato con gli avverbi already, still, just, yet, ever o never (come il presente perfect simple).

Esempi: - By the time Simone arrived, the police had already left. - I still hadn’t finished work at 7:00pm - When I got to the bus stop, the bus had just left. - It was time to go, but we hadn’t finished it yet. - Hadn't you ever eaten Chinese food? - Italy was the most beautiful country she had ever visited. (affermativa con superlativo)

Viene usato poi anche con: after, as soon as, until (prima del past perfect simple) Esempi: - After she had moved out, I found her notes - I didn’t say anything until she had finished talking - They restarted the tennis match as soon as the rain had stopped

Viene usato poi anche con: before, when, by the time (prima del past simple) Esempi: - Before I knew it, she had run out the door. - By the time/When he phoned her, she had found someone new.

Viene usato poi anche con: for e since (in questo caso si traduce con l'imperfetto e si usa soprattutto con i verbi di stato) Esempi: - They had known each other for 5 years. [for + duration] They had known each other since 2015. [since + starting moment] Domanda: How long had they known each other?

Altre possibili costruzioni (anch'esse tradotte con imperfetto): it was the first/second time + past perfect it was [days/months/years] + since + past perfect Esempi: - It was the first/second time he had done that - It was three days since he had last seen her Domanda: How long was it + since + past perfect?

Come si costruisce il past perfect?

Forma affermativa

Soggetto + HAD + past participle

Forma negativa

Soggetto + HADN'T + past participle

Forma interrogativa

HAD + soggetto + past participle

Short Answers

Yes, I/you/he/she/it/we/they had

No, I/you/he/she/it/we/they hadn't

Some activities 4 U!

Thanks!

Copyright © 2022 The Crazy Teacher. All Rights Reserved.