Ai timeline

The Timeline of Artificial Intelligence

The first chatbot – Eliza

Enigma broken with AI during WW II

The father of AI, John McArthy

1956

1964

1942

Eliza – the first-ever chatbot was invented in the 1960s by Joseph Wiezenbaum at the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory at MIT. Eliza is a psychotherapeutic robot that gives pre-fed responses to the users. Such that, they feel they are talking to someone who understands their problems.

He was an American Computer Scientist, coined the term Artificial Intelligence in his proposal for the Dartmouth Conference, the first-ever AI conference held in 1956

The Bombe machine, designed by Alan Turing during World War II, was certainly the turning point in cracking the German communications encoded by the Enigma machine.

Test for machine intelligence by Alan Turing

The industrial robot – Unimate

1961

1950

Unimate became the first industrial robot created by George Devol. She was used on a General Motors Assembly line to transport die castings and weld these parts on autobodies.

Alan Turing, had posed yet another experiment to test for machine intelligence to understand if the machine can think accordingly and make decisions as rationally and intelligently as a human being

Shakey – the robot

GPU oriented

Neural Networks

Danny Hillis designed parallel computers for AI and other computational tasks, an architecture similar to modern GPUs.

1981

1989

1969

Yann LeCun, Yoshua Bengio and Patrick Haffner demonstrated how convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can be used to recognize handwritten characters, showing that neural networks could be applied to real-world problems.

Shakey is titled as the first general-purpose mobile robot. It was able to reason with its own actions,could perceive its surroundings, infer implicit facts from explicit ones, create plans, recover from errors in plan execution, and communicate using ordinary English.”

Bayesian networks causal analysis

Reduced Support

1985

1973

Judea Pearl introduced Bayesian networks causal analysis, which provides statistical techniques for representing uncertainty in computers.

James Lighthill released the report "Artificial Intelligence: A General Survey," which caused the British government to significantly reduce support for AI research.

Large-Scale Deep Unsupervised Learning Using Graphics Processors

The first robot citizen

chess rematch

Hansen Robotics created Sophia, a humanoid robot with the help of Artificial Intelligence. Sophia can imitate humans’ facial expressions, language, speech skills, and opinions on pre-defined topics, and is evidently designed so that she can get smarter over time.

2009

2016

1997

Sepp Hochreiter and Jürgen Schmidhuber proposed the Long Short-Term Memory recurrent neural network, which could process entire sequences of data such as speech or video. IBM's Deep Blue defeated Garry Kasparov in a historic chess rematch, the first defeat of a reigning world chess champion by a computer under tournament conditions.

Rajat Raina, Anand Madhavan and Andrew Ng published "Large-Scale Deep Unsupervised Learning Using Graphics Processors," presenting the idea of using GPUs to train large neural networks.

ImageNet visual database

explosion of deep learning

2012

2006

Fei-Fei Li started working on the ImageNet visual database, introduced in 2009, which became a catalyst for the AI boom and the basis of an annual competition for image recognition algorithms.

Geoffrey Hinton, Ilya Sutskever and Alex Krizhevsky introduced a deep CNN architecture that won the ImageNet challenge and triggered the explosion of deep learning research and implementation.