1º BACH- PRESENT PERFECT SIMP-CONT/ STATIVE VERBS/

GRAMMAR: PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS STATIVE VERBS

GRAMMAR

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

We use it to talk about situations that started in the past and are still true

W use it to talk about completed actions at a time in the past which is not mentioned

It also expresses completed actions where the important thing is the result now

PRESENT PERFECT: WORDS AND SENTENCES

JUST

FOR

We have just done the exercise

She's taught German here for 5 years

ALREADY

We've already done this exercise

SINCE

YET

Mr. Gray has taught French since 2003

We haven't checked the answers yet

WATCH OUT

We don't use the Present Perfect when we want to say WHEN something happened in the past. We use the past simple

I did my homework last night

We don't use the Past Simple when we want to show that something before now or is still important now. We use the Present Perfect

I've finished! Can I go home now?

PARTICLES JUST, ALREADY

JUST

A very short time agoExample: She has just finished her second year at university

ALREADY

We use JUST and ALREADY mainly in POSITIVE SENTENCES (+)

Before now and earlier than you expected Example: I've already tidied my bedroom

YET

YET

Before now/ until now = todavía Steve hasn't decided which course to apply for yet Has your teacher sent you your homework yet?

NEGATIVE SENTENCES (-) and INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES (?)

FOR AND SINCE

FOR

SINCE

We use it to express a period of time: for years, for two years for a week It usually means 'desde hace' 'durante' She has taught English for two years

We use it to express a point in time: since this morning, since last week, since 2014, since 3 o'clock it usually means 'desde' She has worked here since 2010.

DIFFERENCES She has worked here for ten years She has worked here since 2010 I have studied English since 1 o'clock p.m. I have studied English for half an hour

PRESENT PERFECT/ PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

The present perfect simple usually focuses on the result of the activity Example: She has read 3 books this summer

The present perfect continuous usually focuses on the activity itself Example: She has been reading this book all day

Present Perfect Simple vs Present Perfect Continuous

Present Perfect Continuous

Present Perfect Simple

• Focuses on the result
• You've cleaned the bathroom! It looks lovely!

• Says 'how many'
• She's read ten books this summer.

• Describes a completed action
• I've written you an email.

• Focuses on the activity
• I've been gardening. It's so nice out there.

• Says 'how long'
• She's been reading that book all day.

• Describes an activity which may continue
• I've been writing emails.

• When we can see evidence of recent activity
• The grass looks wet. Has it been raining?

I know, I'm really red. I've been running!

STATIVE VERBS

Stative verbs describe states, not actions. They are not usually used in the continuous form

If we use stative verbs in Present Continuous, there is a change in meaning

IT'S YOUR TURN!

I see why you don't like this book genre (understand)

Is Danny seeing anyone at the moment? (going out with)

I think the film critic is wrong (opinion) He's thinking of adapting the book into a film (considering)

Now I understand the plot of this book I think the film critic is right