EUKARYOTIC CELL

Structure AND FUNCTIONS

FUNCTION

STRUCTURE

In this case, we´re gonna focus on me, "the nucleus"

NUCLEUS

FUNCTION

It is a membranous structure that is normally found in the center of eukaryotic cells. It contains most of the cellular genetic material.

STRUCTURE

FUNCTION

STRUCTURE

FUNCTION

FUNCTION

STRUCTURE

STRUCTURE

In this case, we´re gonna focus on me, "the nucleus"

It is made up of 80% water, proteins and enzymes that are related to the metabolism of nucleic acids, precursor and water-soluble molecules, cofactors, lipids and different hormones.

The nucleus is made up of:

Nucleolus. Chromatin. Nuclear foil. Nucleoplasm. Nuclear envelope. Nuclear pores. Ribosomes.

Taken from: Biologicamente

It is made up of approximately 100 proteins called nucleoporins (NUPS), ten of them with repeated FG (Phenylalanine-Glycine) residues that participate in the transport of proteins such as RNs between the nucleus and cytoplasm.

The main function of the nucelus is:

Maintaing the integrity of genetic information and control cellular activities by regulating gene expression. It serves as a cellular control center, where the instruction manual is for the cell to live and fulfill its functions.

The nuclear membrane is made up of two membranes of different protein composition:

• The inner nuclear membrane: Separates the nucleoplasm from the perinuclear space.
• The outer nuclear membrane: Separates the perinuclear space from the cytoplasm.

It is the space of synthesis of ribosomal RNA and assembly of ribosomal subunits (RNA molecules + proteins). It contains a nucleolar organizer made up of ribosomal regions that have instructions to synthesize rRNA, which is synthesized in the nucleolus.

Taken from: BYJU´S

The nucleolus is divided into two regions:

• Amorphous part: It is equivalent to the nucleoplasm. • Dense part: it forms the nucleolonema and is divided into: 1.Fibrillary center o zona central: This contains ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and proteins. 2.Dense fibrillar component: This region contains ribosomal RNA in the process of maturation, along with proteins. 3.Granular component: Is mainly composed of ribosomal proteins and mature ribosomal RNA.

Its functions are the synthesis of different types of nucleic acids and the duplication of genetic material (DNA) during cell division. It is the medium that enables the development of certain chemical reactions that are essential for the metabolic functions of the cell nucleus.

Taken from: ScienceFacts

They allow the transport of water-soluble molecules across the nuclear envelope. This transport includes the movement of RNA and ribosomes from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and movement of proteins, carbohydrates, signal molecules, and lipids toward the nucleus.

Taken from: Britannica

It contributes by separating chromosomes from the cell's cytoplasm and other elements. An array of small holes or pores in the nuclear membrane allows the selective passage of certain materials, such as nucleic acids and proteins, between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.

Taken from: Adobe Stock