Art in World War 1

Art in World War 1

Source: Art Histo

Introduction

• Universal topic
• Every human culture
• wall frescoes and bas-reliefs
• battle scenes

• 16th century
• Photography invention

Source: ecpad

What are the different artistic movements that appeared due to WW1 ?

Table of Contents

German Expressionism

Futurism

Dadaism and Surrealism

Cubism

Source: Art Histo

Introduction

• Universal topic
• Every human culture
• wall frescoes and bas-reliefs
• battle scenes

• 16th century
• Photography invention

Source: ecpad

German Expressionism

• Appearance: During the 20th century

• Definition: It assigned the first place to individual emotion.

• Subjects: Fear or loneliness

• Title: The Scream of Nature
• Painter: Edvard Munch

• Dates: 1893 - 1917

Worried character Very contrasted colours Setting deformed

Source: LegendArte

German Expressionism

• Where ? : Northern Europe and Germany
• When ? : Mentalities were still marked by the devastating First World War

• Nazism forbade it and called it a "degenerate art".

• Title: The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
• Director: Robert Wiene

• Date: 1922

Story told in the first person Settings aren't logical

Source: Wikipédia

Source: Pinterest

• Name: Otto Dix
• Profession: Painter, drawer, sculptor and university teacher.

• Dates: 1891 - 1969

Enlisted on his own as a soldier Experienced the horror of war Came back traumatised Arrested by the Gestapo

Source: Alpha History

• Tiltle: Der Krieg (War)
• Painter: Otto Dix

• Dates: 1929 – 1932

4 panels

Source: Google Arts & Culture

• German soldiers
• Unknown destination
• Fog

• Battlefield
• Decomposing bodies
• Death
• Bleeding limbs

• Lying in a wooden box

• Sleeping mask
• Rats
• Blanket

• Otto Dix portrait
• Wounded man
• Battle is over
• Apocalyptic landscape

Cubism

• 1907 in France
• Paul Cézanne : Salon d'Automne
• impact on young artists

Futurism

INNOVATION

MODERNITY

• Group of artists
• boring and old fashion rut

SPEED

1908 : Filippo Tommaso Marinetti

• 1909: Futurist Manifesto
• Rewrite culture

Litterature

Theater

Architecture

Fashion

And even cooking...

STAGNANTACCADEMICFULL OF COPYCATS

• Group of artist
• Wrote manifesto

of futurist painters

• vibrant raw energy

• Title: The City Rises
• Painter: Boccioni

• Date: 1910
• Large red horse
• men fight to control
• divisionism

• Title: dynamism of a dog on a leash
• Painter: Giacomo Bella
• Date: 1912
• cuter
• movement

• Title: Unique forms of continuity in space
• Boccini
• Date: 1913

Dadaism

• Where ? : Switzerland (Zurich)
• When ? : 1916

• Search for new artistic practices to communicate feelings
• Aim: bypass rules, ideal, conventions, provocation, scandal, freedom of speech

• Dada could mean anything or everything

• Tristan Tzara

• Dada = spontaneity / chance

Source: Wikipédia

Spontaneity Chance

Source: Arplastoc

Source: l'Atelier d'écriture

• Photomontage
• Hannah Hoch

Source: Flashbak

Source: Documents Dada

• Title: The Fountain
• Artist: Marcel Duchamp

• One of the biggest scandals
• Vulgar and immoral

• “Fountain may be a very useful object in its place but its place is not in an art exhibition and it is by no definition a work of Art”

• Art = concept (the artist chooses to use an object as an artwork)

Source: Art Guide

Surrealism

• Where ? : Paris
• When ? : 1924

• Influenced by Sigmung Freud's
• Psychoanalysis

Source: Wikipédia

• Leader : André BRETON
• Le Manifeste du Surréalisme

"Pure psychic automatism"

• New techniques : automatic drawing or writing
• reach unconscious

Source: Wikipédia

Source: Sotheby's

• Tiltle: One Second Before the Awakening from a Dream Provoked by the Flight of a Bee Around a Pomegranate
• Painter: Salvador DALI

• Dates: 1944

Dream Dali's wife asleep Rifle, fish, elephant, tigers, pomegranate and bee

Source: Salvador-Dali.org

• Title: Golconda (It's Raining Men)
• Painter: René MAGRITTE

• Dates: 1953

Source: Wikipédia

• Title: Clair de Terre
• Author: André BRETON
• Date: 1923

Destroy conventional Art Destroy bourgeois Art ≠ war

Source: André Breton

Sources

https://www.metmuseum.org/blogs/now-at-the-met/2017/world-war-i-and-the-visual-arts-introduction https://associationheritages.com/2020/10/25/lart-pendant-la-grande-guerre/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x8dFZhhyk8Q&t=17s

• German Expressionism:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrQfCehiL2Qhttps://etab.ac-poitiers.fr/coll-renaudot/sites/coll-renaudot/IMG/pdf/Otto_Dix.pdf

• Cubism:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IF-nmwm7-Bg

• Futurism:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YFPIP9NxU30&t=2s

• Dadaism:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U4WlTijUNc0&t=194s

• Surrealism:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bP2JS4vDvNc&t=53s

Thank you for listenning !

René MAGRITTE

source: Histoire pour tous

Salvador DALI

Source: WikiArt