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Would you rather

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6 Minute English

Reading Tests

StoryBooth

AGREEING

ASKING FOR AN OPINION

ASKING FOR AN OPINION

DISAGREEING

GIVING YOUR OPINION

ADVISING

ADVISING

If I were in your shoes, I would... Have you tried... verb-ing? How about... verb-ing? You'd better... You have no choice but to...

AGREEING

I feel that way too. That makes sense. I can't argue with that. You've nailed it! It seems that we're on the same page.

DISAGREEING

I wish that were the case, but... That's not the way I see it. Are you pulling my leg? I think you're mistaken. X sounds good on paper, but...

ASKING FOR AN OPINION

Do you have any thoughts on...? What's your take on...? What do you reckon? How do you feel about...? Do you share the view that...?

GIVING YOUR OPINION

If you ask me, ... Some people may disagree with me, but ... Without (a shadow of) a doubt, ... I can't help thinking that... It seems to me that...

OPINION ESSAY

FORMAL EMAIL

FOR AND AGAINST ESSAY

INFORMAL EMAIL

FILM REVIEW

Likewise

Hopefully

In short

Besides

In fact

Therefore

By the way

Nevertheless

After all

That is

Click for the explanations

Explanation

Verbs: ing/to/ed

Explanation

Questions

Quizz

Negative Sent.

Explanation

Pronouns

Explanation

Questions

What did you do in summer?

Did you like the film?

Has she ever played volleyball?

Where did you go in summer?

How was the film?

Does she know how to play?

What's your opinion about the film?

Did you go abroad in summer?

Is it her first time playing volleyball?

I visited Canada in summer.

To be honest, I didn't like the film.

She has never played volleyball.

Why didn't she come to school?

Will you go with us to the cinema?

Because she's sick.

Would you like to go to the cinema?

How do you go to school?

Do you want to do something later?

I go to school by bus.

No sorry, I'm busy.

How many subjects are there?

There are 10 subjects.

Do you think that is a good idea?

Where is Carl ?

When is the concert?

Do you agree with the new plan?

Can you tell me where Carl is?

The concert is next Friday.

How about doing yoga?

Do you know where Carl is?

How long does the film last?

It's a good idea!

For two hours.

I don't know where Carl is.

Negative Sentences

I don't have a/any problem.I didn't visit San Francisco I haven't watched that film. I'm going to do it not to fail. She mustn't do the activities. Not eating fast food is common. He missed the class not to see her. They didn't come last week. They hadn't visited Paris. Chloe isn't friendly. He doesn't have a/any dog.

I have all the exams. Everyone is invited. She has a cat. I have everything. Take either of these two. Take any of these three. I have some pets. I have a question. I'll go everywhere. Everybody can come. She got a salary.

have no exams/don't have any exams. No one is/ anyone isn't invited. (weird) has no cat/ doesn't have any cat. nothing/ don't have anything. neither/ don't take either of... none/ don't take any.... no pets/ don't have any pets. no question/ don't have any question. nowhere/ don't go anywhere. nobody/ anybody can't come. (weird) no salary/ doesn't have any salary.

I have a problem.I visited San Francisco I have watched that film. I'm going to do it to fail. She must do the activities. Eating fast food is common. He missed the class to see her. They came last week. They had visited Paris. Chloe is friendly. He has a dog.

Past Tenses

Past Tenses

Future Tenses

Past Tenses

Present Tenses

Past P. Tenses

Present P. Tenses

Future P. Tenses

Present Continuous

Present Simple

Subject + verb(s)

Subject + to be + verb-ing

She plays football. Ellos juegan al fútbol.

They are doing their homework. Están haciendo los deberes

I'm writing a poem. Estoy escribiendo un poema.

We work as teachers. Trabajamos como profesores.

Usos: Igual que en español, lo que se puede utilizar también para hablar del futuro cuando está todo organizado al 100% y confirmado. I'm having dinner tonight. (está 100% organizado y confirmado) Pregunta: el verbo to be al principio Negación: poner "n't" o "not" después del verb to be

Usos: Igual que en español. A tener en cuenta: Con she/he/it se añade "s" al verbo-> plays do-> does Pregunta: do/does + subject + verb Negación: subject + don't/doesn't + verb

Present P. Continuous

Present Perfect

Subject + have/has + 3rd form

Subject + has/have + been + verb-ing

My father has changed his job. Mi padre ha cambiado de trabajo.

It has been raining a lot. Ha estado lloviendo mucho.

They have been eating a lot recently. Han estado comiendo mucho recientemente.

They have bought a new house. Han comprado una nueva casa.

Usos: Igual que en español salvo el "just". A tener en cuenta: "already" se pone después de have para decir "ya he hecho X" I have already done it. "just" se pone después de have para decir "acabo de hacer X". I have just finished my homework. "yet" se pone al final en frases negativas para decir "todavía no he hecho X" I haven't done my homework yet. Pregunta: have/has + subject + verb 3rd form Negación: poner "n't" o "not" después de "have"

Usos: Igual que en español. A tener en cuenta: Pregunta: have/has + subject + been + verb-ing Negación: poner "n't" or "not" después de have.

Past Continuous

Past Simple

Subject + was/were + verb-ing

Subject + 2nd form (-ed si no es irregular)

My mother finished university in 2002. Mi madre terminó la universidad en 2022.

He was cooking when I got home. Estaba cocinando cuando llegué a casa.

They were working the whole day! Estaban trabajando todo el día.

We bought a new car. Compramos un coche nuevo.

Usos: Igual que en español. A tener en cuenta: Pregunta: was/were + subject + verb-ing Negación: poner "n't" or "not" después de was/were.

Usos: Igual que en español salvo para hablar de casos hipotéticos. (Si TUVIERA-> if I HAD) A tener en cuenta: Cuando se hace la frase en pregunta/negación, se pone el verbo sin cambiar. Al poner did en preguntas y didn't en negaciones, ya sabemos que es sobre el pasado. She didn't go to school. Go se queda igual. Did she pay for it? Pay se queda igual.

Past P. Continuous

Past Perfect

Subject + had + been + verb-ing

Subject + had + 3rd form

When he started in this company, he had already worked. Cuando empezó a trabajar en esta empresa, había trabajado.

She was angry. She had been arguing with someone. Estaba enfadada. Había estado discutiendo con alguien.

He had visited France before going to the UK. Habia visitado francia antes de ir al reino unido.

When they married, they had been dating for 4 years. Cuando se casaron, habían estado saliendo durante 4 años.

Usos: Igual que en español y para decir "hubiera" -> si hubieras... (if you had...) Se utiliza cuando estamos hablando del pasado, y queremos mencionar algo que incluso pasó antes. Así se evitan malentendidos. When she came, she studied. (aquí estudió después de venir) When she came, she had studied. (aquí estudió antes de venir) Pregunta: had + subject + 3rd form Negación: poner "n't" or "not" después de had.

Usos: Igual que en español. Pregunta: had + subject + been + verb-ing Negación: poner "n't" or "not" después de had.

F. Continuous

Going to

Will

Subject + will + be + verb-ing

Subject + to be + going to + verb

Subject + will + verb

Sorry, I will be studying. Lo siento, estaré estudiando.

Do you need help? Ok, I will help you. ¿Necesitas ayuda? Vale, te ayudaré.

I'm going to study. See you! Voy a estudiar. ¡Nos vemos!

I will be working when the match starts. Estaré trabajando cuando el partido empiece.

I think he will come with us. Creo que vendrá con nosotros.

She is going to study in New York. Va a estudiar en Nueva York.

Usos: Igual que en español. Pregunta: will + subject + be + verb-ing Negación: poner "not" después de will. La negación con contracción es won't.

Usos: Igual que en español. Pregunta: to be + subject + going to + verb. Negación: poner "n't" o "not" después del verbo to be

Usos: Igual que en español en casi todos los casos. A tener en cuenta: La contracción es "ll"-> I'll do it. Pregunta: will + subject + verb Negación: poner "not" después de will La negación con contracción es "won't"

Future. P Continuous

Future Perfect

Subject + will + have + been + verb-ing

Subject + will + have + 3rd form

Next month, she will have been working as a teacher for 3 years. El próximo mes, habrá estado trabajando como profesor durante 3 años.

I will have done my homework by Sunday. Habré hecho los deberes para el domingo.

By 2040, we will have had different presidents. Para el año 2040, habremos tenido diferentes presidentes.

When I see you, I will have been studying for 10 hours, so I will be tired. Cuando te vea, habré estado estudiando durante 10 horas, por lo que estaré cansado.

Usos: Igual que en español. Se suele utilizar con "by" + una fecha (para el día X... habremos hecho X) Pregunta: will + subject + have + 3rd form Negación: poner "not" después del will o contracción: won't.

Usos: Igual que en español. Pregunta: will + subject + have + been + verb-ing Negación: poner "not" después de will o contracción: won't.

STRUCTURES

The Causative

While/Whereas

Verb Tenses

Second Conditional

It is said that...

Although

Modal Verbs

Wish

So that

The more/The more

Worth

As long as

Not only... but also...

Third/M Conditional

Auxiliaries

Once/As soon as

Too

Be/get used to

Unless

Passive Voice

Used to/Would

Because of

Perfect Modals

So... that...

Unreal Past Tenses

Relative Clauses

Despite

Want/Need/Like

Reported Speech

Such... that...

Enough

Aunque

Although I was tired, I couldn’t sleep. =Aunque estuve cansado, no pude dormir.

Even If

Although it is difficult to save money sometimes, it is necessary in case of an emergency.

"Aunque" for hypothetical cases is "even if"

He decided to go to that remote area, although I told him it was a bad idea.

Even if I had a lot of money, I would not buy that house.(aunque tuviera mucho dinero) caso hipotéticoEven if they were professional players, they would live in the countryside.

Although = Even though (+ emphasis)

Even though he does not speak English, he went to Australia alone.

Even though she did not finish college, she runs an international company.

Would

Remember that "would" has different meanings. One of them is to be a synonym for "used to". However, it can only be used if...

Solía

My mother used to work, now she is unemployed. =Mi madre solía trabajar, ahora está desempleada.

The action after "would" can be repeated.

Everyone knows we are talking about the past.

In my childhood, I would play with my grandparents every weekend.

I used to have dinner at 10 P.M, but I changed it because that was too late.

The action can be repeated (every weekend) and everyone knows we are talking about the past (in my childhood).

I didn't use to recycle. Now, I do it every day.

When I was 10 years, I would like to play football every day.

The action CANNOT be repeated (you cannot repeat "like"). You have to use "used to".

During the 2nd World War, people would save food.

You can save several times and the 2nd World War was in the past.

Common Mistakes

NO subject + verb after despite/in spite of

Despite they had a lot of exams, they passed all the subjects.

A pesar de

En español diríamos "a pesar de que tuvieron". En inglés no se puede poner ese "que" para que tenga sentido. Quedaría así:"A pesar de tuvieron" Tampoco puedes poner "despite that". The trick is: si puedes poner although, no puedes poner "despite/in spite of". "Although they had a lot of exams" Correct. "Despite/in spite of they had a lot of exams" Incorrect. Para expresar esa frase pudiendo usar despite hay 3 formas 1) Añadiendo the fact that Despite the fact that they had a lot of exams... 2) Poniendo el verbo en ing sin sujeto Despite having a lot of exams... 3) Poniendo un sustantivo después Despite the exams...

Despite the problems, she is happy. =A pesar de los problemas, está feliz.

He got the job in spite of his prison record.

Despite being expensive, everyone wants to have that car.

In spite of not using any social networks, James has a lot of friends.

Common Mistakes

NO subject + verb after because of

Because of they had a lot of exams, they couldn't go to the cinema.

Debido a/Por

En español diríamos "debido a que tuvieron". En inglés no se puede poner ese "que" para que tenga sentido. Quedaría así:"Debido a tuvieron". The trick is: si puedes poner because, no puedes poner "because of". También puedes traducirlo por "POR x razón" "Because they had a lot of exams" Correct. "Because of they had a lot of exams" Incorrect. Para expresar esa frase pudiendo usar despite hay 3 formas 1) Añadiendo the fact that Because of the fact that they had a lot of exams... 2) Poniendo el verbo en ing sin sujeto Because of having a lot of exams... 3) Poniendo un sustantivo después Because of the exams...

He's sad because of the film. = Está triste debido a/por la película.

The accident happened because of the lack of security.

She got the job because of his high English level.

The antenna was broken because of the storm.

Synonyms: due to, owing to, on account of, as a consequence of, in the wake of...

FORMAL

FORMAL

LITERARY

FORMAL

FORMAL

Normally, "due to" goes after the verb to be. However, more and more, English speakers use it interchangeably with "because of".This disaster is due to the storm.

Common Mistakes

La coma solo va cuando das información extra, si estás especificando no se pone coma:My brother who/that is a doctor (aquí no hay coma porque estas especificando que estás hablando de tu hermano que es doctor, no de otro) En la estructura de la coma no se puede usar "that"

We want to see the new Tom Carter film, which was released on Friday. = Queremos ver la nueva película de Tom Carter, que fue lanzada el viernes.

Have a look at the following examples. What is in bold is extra information. We use "who", "where", "when", "which" depending on whether it is a person/place/time/thing

Esta estructura se utiliza para dar información extra sobre algo/alguien. En vez de poner dos frases diferentes acerca de una cosa/persona, lo acercamos con una coma. En vez de: I am going to download Instagram. It is very famous. Ponemos: I am going to download instagram, which is very famous.

We are going to meet Jim, who has just come from London.

I was born in Las Palmas, where my parents met.

She was born in 1945, when the Second World War ended.

I'm going to visit Lanzarote, which is famous for its volcanoes.

Para que

My uncle is working hard so that my cousin can go to the university. =My tío está trabajando mucho para que mi primo pueda ir a la universidad.

Common Mistakes

I’ll go by car so that I can take more luggage for my trip.

"So that" NO significa "por tanto". Para ello, hay que quitar el "that".

I learnt English so that I could have a good salary.

My mother bought a house in the countryside so that we will have a place to spend our summers.

Do not write comma before so that.

You can omit "that" to make it more informal.

In order that

Normally, you need a modal verb after the subject.

It is a formal synonym for "so that".

The government will approve a new law in order that the deprived can afford housing.

Present: canPast: could Future: will

Common Mistakes

Not only no va al inicio de una frase. Tiene que ir después del sujeto (she not only...) o después del verbo (she plays not only X but also...)

No solo X, sino también...

Variation

She can speak not only English, but also French. = Ella no solo puede hablar inglés, sino también Francés.

There is one way to place it at the beginning of the sentence. You have to do inversion. Inversion is basically what you do when you make a question:You add "do/does/am..." before the subject.

Smoking is not only bad for our health, but also for our social life.

Not only we will paint the outside of the house, but also the inside. Incorrect. Not only will we paint the outside of the house, but also the inside. Correct. Not only can we prevent climate change, but also improve everyone's well being.

They not only study at the university, but also they do sports every day.

The car not only is economical but also feels good to drive.

Variation

1º Imagina la 1ª versión, which is much easier.It is known that the English language is important. 2º Sustituye el "it" por lo que va después del "that" "The English language is known" 3º Pon "to + el verbo después del that" + lo demás. The English language is known to be important. 1º Imagina la 1ª versión, which is much easier It is believed that recycling save lives. 2º Sustituye el "it" por lo que va después del "that" "Recycling is believed" 3º Pon "to + el verbo después del that" + lo demás. "Recycling is believed to save lives"

Se dice/piensa/cree que...

It is known that the English language is important. = Se sabe que la lengua inglesa es importante.

It was highlighted that using different structures is vital to improve one's English level.

It is said that we can stop climate change.

It is believed that recycling saves lives.

Verbs for this structure: suppose, expect, believe, think, report, point out, claim, suggest, assume...

Disagreement

Agreement

Se puede decir también "yo tampoco". Sin embargo, ponemos "neither" en vez de "so" y el auxiliar en afirmativo aunque la frase anterior esté en negativo.

La forma más simple de decir "yo también" es decir "me too". Sin embargo, hay otra forma de decirlo mucho más compleja pero que es bastante usada.

Structureneither + auxiliary verb + subject

Structureso + auxiliary verb + subject

I love watching films. -> So do I.They should eat less junk food.-> So should we. I studied hard for this exam.-> So did I. I can go with you.-> So can I. I may join the club.-> So may Peter. I have visited many places.-> So have my family.

I don't like watching films. -> Neither do I.They shouldn't eat junk food.-> Neither should we. I didn't study hard for this exam.-> Neither did I. I can't go with them.-> Neither can I. I may not join the club.-> Neither may Peter. I haven't visited many places.-> Neither has my family.

+ Would

+ Past perfect

+ Past simple

Para desear que las cosas fueran diferente

Para desear que las cosas hubieran sido diferente

Para quejarte de alguien.

I wish you would stop complaining. = Ojalá pararas de quejarte.

I wish (that) I were richer. = Ojalá fuera rico.

I wish (that) you had come with me. = Ojalá hubieras venido conmigo.

I wish you would be quiet. = Ojalá estuvieras callado.

I wish (that) I had been on time. = Ojalá hubiera sido puntual.

I wish (that) we had a bigger house. = Ojalá tuvieramos una casa más grande.

I wish (that) I had known you would come. = Ojalá hubiera sabido que vendrías.

I wish he wouldn't snore so much. = Ojalá no roncara tanto.

I wish I could speak Chinese. = Ojalá pudiera hablar Chino.

You can use "If only" instead of "I wish"for emphasis: If only I had a job.

What is an auxiliary?

More examples

Los auxiliares son las palabras que se ponen al inicio de una pregunta de "sí o no" y las palabras en las que se le añade el "not" para crear una frase en negativo.

She should pay attention to the class. Hey may get the job. They don't know who the owner is. We would like to purchase this house. Does she know how to play the violin? We will have flying cars in the future. I am interested in taking up this sport. He doesn't know the answer. Tom didn't pay the bill.

Question Tags

Afirmativo: I like pizza.Negativo: I don't/do not like pizza. Pregunta: Do I like pizza?

Agreement

Normalmente, el auxiliar siempre está en el afirmativo (un modal verb, verb to be or verb to habe (haber)).Si la frase está en presente, el auxiliar es "do". Si la frase está en pasado, el auxiliar es "did". En estos casos el auxiliar no se ve en afirmativo.

Questions

Es hora de que...

It's time that the government took action to address climate change. = Es hora de que el gobierno actue para solucionar el cambio climático.

It's time that we had a serious discussion about the future of our relationship.

It's high time that the city invested in more public transportation options.

It's time that the company updated its policies to be more inclusive.

It was time that the team celebrated its victory with a special dinner.

OTHER CHANGES

VERB CHANGES

ORDERS

"Do this exercise"

TODAY

PAST

THAT DAY

PRESENT

Person + ask/want + sb + to verb

THIS

P.PERFECT

THAT

PAST

He asked/wanted me to do that exercise.

HERE

THERE

WILL

WOULD

QUESTIONS

THE DAY AFTER

COULD

TOMORROW

CAN

"Can you do this exercise?"

Synonyms for "say": claim (f), argue (f), tell (+ person), comment, state (f), note(f), report(f), mention, highlight, point out...

Person + ask + sb + if/whether

He asked me if/whether I could that exercise.

The unreal past tenses are structures in which you use the past tenses, but you are not talking about the past. It would be like "comprara", "rompiéramos" or "fuera". Some of them are the 2nd-3rd conditionals and "wish", but here are others:

Past Tenses

Would rather

As if

It's time

Irregular Verbs

preferiría

Different person

Oneself

En este caso, se utiliza el pasado después de la otra persona/cosa.

Cuando no se habla de otra persona, se pone el verbo sin cambiar.

I would rather play volleyball than football.

I would rather that you didn't tell anyone.

I prefer to play volleyball to football.

I would rather that you didn't bring up that topic at the dinner table.

Si usamos "prefer", solemos poner "to".

My brother would rather live in the countryside.

She would rather that I studied something different.

They would rather go to the cinema.

Si queremos usar "prefer" con otra persona, usamos la estructura del want/need/would like

I prefer you not to tell anyone.

Como si

Real

Unreal

You can use it with look/seem/appear or any other verb.

Usually with look/seem/appear (parecer).

It looks/seems/appears like/as if/as though she's dropping out.

She looks like she were dropping out. (lo parece, pero no va a dejar los estudios)

She looks/seems/appears like/as if/as though she's dropping out.

The sky looked as though it were on fire during the sunset.

My brother looks as if he knows the answer.

He spoke as though he were the expert on the subject.

My cousin seems as though he's going to travel somewhere.

My brother looks as if he knew the answer. (no la sabe, pero lo insinúa o tiene pinta de que lo sabe, pero lo más probable es que no sepa la respuesta)

He acted like he hadn't done anything.

SYNONYMS

Siempre y cuando

You can go to the cinema as long as you finish your homework. = Puedes ir al cine siempre y cuando acabes tus deberes.

I will help you to pass as long as you take it seriously.

I will accept the job on condition that I am offered a competitive salary.

I'll lend you the book providing that you promise to give me it back next week.

We're going skiing next week provided that there's enough snow.

A menos que

Trick

Don't buy that expensive car unless you are rich. = No compres ese coche caro a menos que seas rico.

If you write a negative sentence with "if", change it and write the affirmative version with "unless".

I wouldn't eat that food unless I was really hungry.

I wouldn't do that unless I'm totally sure it will work.

I will not go to the cinema if you don't go.

Can you turn the radio off unless you’re listening to it?

I will not go to the cinema unless you go.

Unless you study dilligently, you'll never understand trigonometry.

Mientras que

While

He loves foreign holidays, whereas his brother prefers to stay at home. = A el le encanta las vacaciones en el extranjero, mientras que su hermano prefiere quedarse en casa.

While significa lo mismo que whereas, pero si queremos decir "mientras" solamente, solo podemos usar "while". Va seguido de un verbo en continuo (be + ing). While I was watching the TV, she was studying. Mientras estaba viendo la tele, ella estudiaba. Someone knocked the door while I was having a shower. Alguien tocó la puerta mientras me estaba duchando. While: mientras y mientras que Whereas: mientras que

He loves foreign holidays, whereas/while his brother prefers to stay at home.

Paul likes action films whereas/while Lennie mostly watches detective stories.

Whereas/while some people try to fight climate change, others decide to ignore the problem.

Quiero que... X haga Y cosa

En español, decimos "necesito que tú", "quiero que él", "me gustaría que nosotros"...

Sin embargo, en inglés no se dice I want that you.../I need that you.../I would like that you...

Lo que hay que hacer es poner la persona en vez de "that" y luego poner lo que quieres que haga con "to"I want you to study-> quiero que estudies. I would like them to come over my place-> me gustaría que se pasaran por mi casa. I needed him to finish as soon as possible-> Necesitaba que terminara lo más pronto posible.

IMPORTANT

Si ...ERA, -RÍA...

El "would" nunca va en la parte del "if"."Was" nunca va en la parte del "if". Hay que poner "were". Esto no es pasado, es para hablar de un caso hipotético. (Si fuera cierto...) Ese "fuera", "comiera", "rompiera" etc es simplemente el verbo en pasado, pero no tiene nada que ver con el pasado.

If I lived in China, I would learn Chinese. = Si viviera en China, aprendería Chino.

If they had a lot of money, they would buy a house.

If I had more free time, I would go with you.

If there were more buses, we would leave the car at home.

If she were not sick, she would be here with us.

IMPORTANT

Si ...HUBIERA, -HABRÍA...

3rd:If subject + had + 3rd form, subject + would + have + 3rd form.

If you had studied, you would have passed. = Si hubieras estudiado, habrías aprobado.

Mixed:If subject + had + 3rd form, subject + would + verb. or If subject + past, subject + would + have + 3rd form

If we had bought the ticket earlier, we would have saved money.

You would have been on time if you hadn't missed the bus.

Mixed

If you had made up with her, you would be friends now.

El "would" nunca va en la parte del "if".

Mixed

If you were richer, you would have bought a different car.

Suficiente(mente)

Your marks are good enough to study engineering. = Tus notas son lo suficientemente buenas para estudiar ingeniería.

There isn't enough bread to make sandwiches.

ENOUGH + NOUN

I don't have enough money to buy a new car.

The exam is easy enough to pass without being too stressed.

ADJECTIVE + ENOUGH

The problem is important enough to take it seriously.

Demasiado (como para...)

That restaurant is too expensive to go every day. = Ese restaurante es demasiado caro para ir todos los días.

There're too many people at this party. Let's go to a different one.

TOO + ADJECTIVE

Mickael is too arrogant to be my friend.

TOO MUCH/MANY + NOUN

In the coffee there's too much sugar to drink.

This dish is too spicy to eat unless you love that kind of food.

Variation

You can use inversion with this structure. The inversion is what we do with questions: to place the auxiliary verb before the subject.

Tan... que... (with adjectives)

This restaurant is so expensive that only rich people go. = Este restaurante es tan caro que solo gente rica va.

So compelling was the film that I'll watch it again.

So difficult can the exam be that we should study for days.

This is so serious that we have to solve it right now.

So tall is this building that there are 30 floors.

He's so hooked on the new game that he does not hang out with his friends anymore.

Inversions are used to give emphasis and are usually formal.

She has so many followers on Instagram that she cannot leave home.

This structures is used with "many/much".

You can also use this structure without that:It's so nice! It's so important!

Variation

You can use inversion with this structure. The inversion is what we do with questions: to place the auxiliary verb before the subject.

Tan... que... (with (adjective) + noun)

It was such a cold afternoon that we stopped playing. = Era una tarde tan fría que paramos de jugar.

Such was the extent of the dammage that the car was a total write-off.

Russia is such a big country that it has eleven time zones.

Such was the party that everything happened so fast.

The boy has such fine manners that everyone likes him.

Such is the problem that everyone is affected.

It was such an interesting book that I lent it to my friends.

Inversions are used to give emphasis and are usually formal.

Variation

Instead of adding verb-ing after worth, we can also use some nouns. Especially: a try, visit, look, watch, walk... the effort, time, trouble...

Vale la pena

This structure is worth learning = Vale la pena aprender esta estructura.

You can also use "it is worth it", but it is not as good as the others.

Gran Canaria is worth visiting. It has so many beautiful places.

The film we watched yesterday was worth watching.

Do you think this book is worth reading?

Common mistake: do not write worth TO + verb. It's always ing.

Una vez que.../Tan pronto como...

I'll hit you up once I finish my homework. = Te llamaré una vez que termine los deberes.

As soon as I finish all my studies, I will travel around the world.

Let me know once you've tidied up your room.

She started shouting as soon as she saw the insect.

Estar acostumbrado

Acostumbrarse

I speak in English every day, so I'm used to it. = Hablo en inglés todos los días, por lo que estoy acostumbrado.

At the univesity, I had to get used to studying a lot. = En la universidad, tuve que acostumbrarme a estudiar mucho.

I'm used to doing homework every day.

If you speak in English, you will get used to it.

Sorry, I'm not used to dealing with a lot of people.

I got used to living on my own when I moved abroad.

Dogs are not used to fireworks.

After living in China, I got used to spicy food.

Common mistake: the verb after these expressions goes with ING always.

Can

Could

Podría

Could you give me some bread?

Must

Can

Might

Poder (presente)

Puede que

Sorry, I can't go to the cinema. I'm busy.

They might go with us. It depends on the weather.

Must

Must

Must

Would

-ía en verbos

Deber (presente)

She must be sleeping. It's 04:00 A.M.

If I had a lot of money, I would buy a house.

Should

Shall

Should

que tal si...

Debería

You should come with us. It will be fun !

Shall we go to eat out? I'm hungry.

May

May

Puede que

IMPORTANT:Modal verbs have different meanings and rules.

I may be wrong, but I think that it is not a good idea.

Este tipo de estructura es usando un modal verb seguido de have + 3rd form of the verb. Las traducciones son iguales que en español.

Se utiliza con: must/can't/may/might/would/should/could + have

She must have passed the exam. She's super happy. = Debe haber aprobado el examen, está muy feliz.She can't have passed the exam. She's super sad. = No pudo haber aprobado el examen, está muy triste. She should have studied more. = Debería haber estudiado más. If she had studied more, she would have passed the exam. = Si hubiera estudiado más, habría aprobado el examen. You could have studied more, but you kept playing. = Podrías haber estudiado más, pero seguiste jugando. She may/might have found a job, she's busy. = Puede que haya encontrado un trabajo, está ocupada.

Can't is always negative. You can't say: she can have...If you know the meaning of each modal verb, it is super easy. For example, "must" means "debe", so, if we add "have", it means: debe haber... and now we would just need to write the verb in the 3rd form.

Cuanto más/menos..., más/menos...

The better English you speak, the more chances you have to find a job. = Cuanto mejor inglés hables, más oportunidades tienes para encontrar un trabajo.

The less-> uncountable (water, money, news, adjectives...)The fewer-> countable (plural nouns: students, people, pens...) The more-> with everything except: -> good/bad = the better/worse -> adjectives with 1 syllable (we add -er) the taller, smarter, faster... -> adjectives with 2 syllables ending with -y (we add ier) the happier, funnier...

The more money you have, the more things you can buy.The fewer people there are, the earlier we will leave. The less water you drink, the less energy you will have. The more English words you know, the better you speak.

Me... X el objeto

I had/got my phone fixed. = Me arreglaron el teléfono.

I had/got my teeth checked. = Me revisaron los dientes.

Structure Subject + have/get + object + 3rd form

She had/got her house cleaned. = Le limpiaron la casa.

You should have/get your hair cut. = Te deberías de cortar el pelo.

The difference between have and get is that get is a bit more informal.

The students are going to have/get their exams marked. = Les van a corregir los exámenes a los estudiantes.

The passive voice is super important in English. It is used in writing a lot and in Spanish it would be:

• SE importa/SE vieron/SE leen...
• ES importado/FUERON vistos/SERÁN leídos...
• ME dieron/LES compraron/TE ofrecieron (cuando el sujeto es una persona)

En inglés es tan sencillo como: subject + verb to be + 3rd form This book is read everywhere. (aquí no decimos quien) Este libro se lee/es leido en todos los sitios. The museum was visited by famous people. (que haya sido el museo lo que fue visitado es importante) El museo fue visitado por gente famosa. I have been offered a job with a good salary. (no decimos quien) Me han ofrecido un trabajo con un buen salario.

A new restaurant will be opened next week. Un nuevo restaurante será abierto la próxima semana. Se abrirá un nuevo restaurante la próxima semana. She was bought a new computer. Le compraron un nuevo ordenador. The road is being repaired. La carretera se está arreglando. La carretera está siendo arreglada. Three books are used in class (by the students). Se usan tres libros en clase. Tres libros son usados en clase (por los estudiantes). They have been given a new car. Les han dado un nuevo coche.