SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE

PATHS -STAGE 2DIMENSION 2.1

Paola Alejandra González Tejeda116 2208870

Historical Development of the Scientific Method

Renaissance - 15th century

3000 BC.

19th century

21st century

PREHISTORY

CONTEMPORARY AGE

MIDDLE AGES

18th century

20th century

5th century AD.

MODERN AGE

ANTIQUITY

20th Century

Science and technology experienced unprecedented advances. Some examples are Quantum physics, relativity, and Einstein's theory of general relativity. Biology had some advances too, such as the identification of the DNA structure by Watson and Crick, and in medicine, with the development of penicillin and other antibiotics.

Discoveries:

• Electronics: Development of the first transitions and integrated circuits.
• Television: (Invented in 1920s and popularized in 1950s) Main forms of entertainment and news broadcasting.
• The computer: First computers began to develop and allowed to process information much faster and more efficiently than traditional methods.
• Internet: (1960s: network technology was developed) rise to what we know today as the Internet.
• Mobile telephony: The first mobile phone was created in the 80s, which allowed people to communicate from anywhere and at any time.

21st Century

These are some of the advances and discoveries of the 21st century

Prehistory

This period spans from the appearance of man on Earth, about 2.5 million years ago, up to the invention of writing around 3000 BC.

Major discoveries

• Invention of stone tools
• The control of fire
• Hunting and gathering
• Domestication of animals and plants

Middle Ages

Spans from the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century AD to the Renaissance in the 15th century. (Considered a time of obscurantism). Main discoveries include: the work of philosophers such as Thomas Aquinas, the theory of the blood circulation system of Ibn al-Nafis, the creation of the university and the invention of the printing press. Main characters of this era: Avicenna and Zhang Heng

Modern Age

Spans from the Renaissance in the 15th century to the French Revolution in the 18th century. Some discoveries were: Copernicus' heliocentric theory, Newton's Law of universal gravitation, Linnaeus' classification of species, the germinal theory of medicine, and the invention of the telescope and microscope. (Robert Boyle and Antoine Lavoisier, both laid the foundations of modern chemistry).Renaissance was a crucial period for the development of the modern scientific method.

• Francis Bacon: An English philosopher and scientist, was one of the founders of the modern scientific method
• Galileo Galilei: First to use empirical observation and experimentation to challenge preconceptions about physics and astronomy.

Contemporary Age

Spans from the French Revolution in the 18th century to the present day. The 19th century had advances such as the law of conservation of energy by Hermann von Helmholtz and the identification of chemical elements by Dmitri Mendeleev.Other important discoveries and scientists of the 19th century are:

Antiquity

(3000 BC. - 5th century AD.) The origin of the scientific method is located in Ancient Greece; the first systematic observations of nature were carried out and the first hypotheses were raised. -Aristotle: Established observation as the first step for the acquisition of knowledge. *Main discoveries: Geometry, the heliocentric theory of Aristarchus of Samos, the classification of plants and animals of Aristotle (precursor of the Scientific Method). -Civilizations such as the Egyptians, the Greeks, and the Romans, developed great advances in mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and architecture. *This era had major discoveries and characters: