IMAGES TIMELINE

INTERDISIPRINARY PROJECT

AKSHYABretton Woods Institution

VAISHNAVIThe Great Depression

HISTORY

NAVYAThe Great Depression

DIYAWW1

SHIVANSHIWW2

ANSHIKAWW1

FELLAHWW2

SHREYABretton Woods Institution

Timeline

1914-1947

“If you want to understand today you have to search yesterday.”

1947

1918

1939

1944

1914

1929

AKSHYA

NAVYA

ANSHIKA

DIYA

VAISHNAVI

SHREYA

“History is a jangle of accidents, blunders, surprises and absurdities, and so is our knowledge of it, but if we are to report it at all we must impose some order upon it.”

Timeline

1914-1947

“If you want to understand today you have to search yesterday.”

1939

1945

SHIVANSHI

FELLAH

“History is a jangle of accidents, blunders, surprises and absurdities, and so is our knowledge of it, but if we are to report it at all we must impose some order upon it.”

THANK YOU

Bretton Woods Institution

• It refer to two international financial organizations that were established during the Bretton Woods Conference, held in July 1944 in Bretton Woods, USA. These institutions were created with the aim of promoting economic stability and cooperation among nations in the post-World War II era.
• The two key institutions that emerged from this conference are:
• International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank
• Both the IMF and the World Bank play crucial roles in the international financial system, and they have evolved over the years to address changing global economic challenges. These institutions continue to be important players in international finance, development, and economic stability.

IMF AND WORLD BANK

• The IMF was established in 1944 and officially began operations in 1947.It provided financial assistance to member countries facing balance of payments problems and offers policy advice and technical assistance to help countries maintain stable and sustainable economies.
• World Bank began operations in 1946.It focused on reducing poverty, promoting economic development, and improving living standards in member countries through loans, grants, and policy advice.
• It consists of two main institutions: the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), which lends to credit worthy low-income countries, and the International Development Association (IDA), which provides loans to the world's poorest countries.

GREAT DEPRESSION

• The Great Depression (1929–1939) was a period of economic depression that became evident after a major fall in stock prices in the United States,that affected most countries across the world.
• It began around September 1929 and led to the Wall Street stock market crash of October 24 (Black Thursday). It was the longest, deepest, and most widespread depression of the 20th century.
• Construction was virtually halted in many countries. Farming communities and rural areas suffered as crop prices fell by about 60%. Faced with plummeting demand and few job alternatives, areas dependent on primary sector industries suffered the most.

WW1

• World War I (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. It was fought between two coalitions, the Allies and the Central Powers.
• Germany launched an offensive in the west in March 1918, but despite initial success, it left the German Army exhausted and demoralised. A successful Allied counter-offensive later that year caused a collapse of the German frontline.
• AsKaiser Wilhelm II abdicated on 9 November. Three days later ,the war ended and the Paris Peace Conference imposed various settlements on the defeated powers, notably the Treaty of Versailles.
• The dissolution of the Russian, Germany etc, resulted in the creation of new independent states, including Poland, Finland, and Czechoslovakia

IMPACTS :

• Between 1929 and 1932, worldwide gross domestic product (GDP) fell by an estimated 15%.
• In many countries,the negative effects of the Great Depression lasted until the beginning of World War II.
• Effects were seen in both rich and poor countries with falling personal income, prices, tax revenues, and profits. International trade fell by more than 50%, unemployment in the U.S. rose to 23% and in some countries rose as high as 33%.

WW2

• World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945.
• The contributing factors included the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, Spanish Civil War, Second Sino-Japanese War, Soviet–Japanese border conflicts, the rise of fascism in Europe, and European tensions in the aftermath of World War I. World War II is generally considered to have begun on 1 September 1939, when Nazi Germany, under Adolf Hitler, invaded Poland. The United Kingdom and France subsequently declared war on Germany on 3 September.

19XX

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IMPACTS

• The Second World War, fought between the Axis powers and the Allies, lasted six years and resulted in massive death and destruction. At least 60 million people were killed, with millions injured. Most deaths occurred outside battlegrounds, and the war caused economic and social disruption.
• Post-war reconstruction was influenced by the US's rise as a dominant power and the Soviet Union's transformation from a backward agricultural country to a world power during the Great Depression.

CAUSES AND IMPACT

Causes

• Tension to expand emipre all countries got involved due to alliances

Impact

• During this war soldiers lived in pits which stretched over 300kms. This war continued till 3 years which resulted in a lot of unfortunate deaths.
• It destroyed empires, created numerous new nation-states, encouraged independence movements in Europe's colonies, forced the United States to become a world power and led directly to Soviet communism and the rise of Hitler.
• Chemicals and gun shells made land unusable for a lot of years and many countries spent most of their economy on wars hence they had to increase taxation.