Tenses Bachillerato

tenses

Remember that all the continuous tenses require a period of time

Timeline OF TENSES

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLEPRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

PAST PERFECT SIMPLEPAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

FUTURE TENSES

PAST SIMPLEPAST CONTINUOUS

PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS

INDEX

1. Present simple

8. Past perfect continuous

2. Present continuous

9. Future simple (will)

3. Past simple

10. Future simple (be going to)

4. Past continuous

11. Future continuous

12. Future perfect simple

5. Present perfect simple

13. Practice

6. Present perfect continuous

14. Questions

7. Past perfect simple

QUESTIONS:Do/Does + subject + base form ? Do you like reading?

PRESENT SIMPLE

USE:Habits, daily routine I get up at 8 o'clock (a.m.) Facts and states Monkeys can climb. timetables (future) The classes start at 8.30

AFFIRMATIVE:Subject + base form I study English on Tuesday. Subject + base form + s/es in the 3rd person singular She goes to bed at 10 o`clock p.m. "es" when the verb ends: - o/s/ss/sh/ch/x watch - watches - Consonant + y study - studies

TIME EXPRESSIONS:Every day, on Monday, in Summer... Always, usually, often, never feelings, likes, dislikes

NEGATIVE: Subject + don't/doesn't + base form Tom doesn't do the housework.

QUESTIONS:To be + subject + base form + -ing ç? Are you eating a piece of a cake?

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

USE:Actions in progress now. Don't disturb me! I am studying now. Don't use this form in stative verbs. I am believing in ghosts. Future plans (arrangements) I am visiting my granny this weekend.

AFFIRMATIVE:Subject + to be + base form + -ing I'm taking the dog for a walk. When the verb ends: "e" coming "l" travelling Consonant + vowel + consonant: running

TIME EXPRESSIONS:now, at the moment this week, this year next Monday, tonight, tomorrow

NEGATIVE: Subject + to be + not + base form + -ing She is not eating on the sofa.

QUESTIONS:Did + subject + base form Did she paint the wall? Exceptions: Was ?/Were ?

past simple

USE:Finished actions. I watched the movie last week Situations in the past. We know when something happened. Shakespeare died in 1616.

AFFIRMATIVE: base form + -ed or second column I played the guitar. She wrote this article. When the verb ends: Consonant + y: studied "e" (omit the "e"): arrived Cons. + vowel + cons.: travelled

TIME EXPRESSIONS:yesterday last week two days ago; when

NEGATIVE: Subject + didn't + base form I didn't cook the lunch Exceptions: wasn't/weren't

QUESTIONS:Was/Were + subject + base form + -ing? Was she swimming in the pool?

past continuous

USE:We use the past continuous to talk about actions in progress at a particular time in the past. We were watching TV at 8 yesterday.

AFFIRMATIVE:Subject + was/were + base form + -ing I was writing a letter. When the verb ends: "e" (omit the "e") - pasting. Consonant + vowel + consonant: running. "ie" tie (omit "ie" and add "y") - tying

TIME EXPRESSIONS:at eight o’clock yesterday while as

NEGATIVE: wasn't/weren't + base form + -ing You weren't going to the party.

QUESTIONS:Have/has + subject + past participle ? Have you ever been in Barcelona?

pRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

USE:To refer to the recent past. I have just seen Tom Describe event which started in the past and contine in the present. I have worked here since 1998

AFFIRMATIVE:Subject + have/has + past participle We have sung a song.

NEGATIVE: Subject + haven't/hasn't + past participle She hasn't finished her homework.

TIME EXPRESSIONS:how long ever just already/ yet for/ since recently, lately

QUESTIONS:Have/has + subject + been + -ing ? Have you been eating chocolate?

pRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

USE:The same uses as in the present perfect simple but this tense focused on the continuity. It’s been snowing for a long time. (The ground is covered in snow)

AFFIRMATIVE:Subject + have/has + been + verb -ing I have been swimming for hours

NEGATIVE: Subject + haven't/hasn't + been + -ing She hasn't been studying lately.

TIME EXPRESSIONS:how long for/ since recently, lately

QUESTIONS:Had + subject + past participle ? Had you ever been in Barcelona?

pAST PERFECT SIMPLE

AFFIRMATIVE:Subject + had + past participle The singer had already performed.

USE:It refers to the past in the past. to sequence events in the past to show which event happened first. The music had (already) started when the curtains opened.

NEGATIVE: Subject + hadn't + past participle She hadn't seen that film before.

TIME EXPRESSIONS:after, before by the time already

QUESTIONS:Had + subject + been + -ing ? Had you been looking into the matter?

pAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

AFFIRMATIVE:Subject + had + been + -ing She had been working

USE:The same uses as in the past perfect simple but this tense focused on the continuity. When you arrived, I had been studying for 2 hours.

NEGATIVE: Subject + hadn't + been + -ing We had been watching the movie

TIME EXPRESSIONS:for hours all morning when, before

QUESTIONS:Will + subject + base form Will you buy the newspaper?

FUTURE SIMPLE (WILL)

AFFIRMATIVE:Subject + will + base form I will visit my grandparents

USE:No planned actions. No planned decisions. I think I will give up smoking. Predictions (no evidences) I hope everything will be fine.

NEGATIVE: Subject + will not + base form Sarah won't play videogames.

TIME EXPRESSIONS:If, unless, tomorrow, next, after, in three minutes...

QUESTIONS:Am/are/is + subject + going to + base Are you going to call me tonight?

FUTURE SIMPLE (be going to)

AFFIRMATIVE:Subject + am/are/is + going to + base form She is going to arrive late

USE:Planned actions. We are going to have a party tomorrow Prediction based on evidences. Look at those black clouds. It’s going to rain

NEGATIVE: am/are/is + not + going to + base form They aren't going to be happy.

TIME EXPRESSIONS:Tomorrow, soon, later, next week.. Everything is planned/decided

QUESTIONS:Will + subject + be + -ing Will you be working ?

FUTURE CONTINUOUS

AFFIRMATIVE:Subject + will + be + -ing I will be sleeping from 9 to 11

USE: temporary actions and events that will be in progress at a particular time in the future: This time next week, I’ll be taking photographs with my new camera.

NEGATIVE: Subject + will + not + be + -ing They won't be studying.

TIME EXPRESSIONS:at this time tomorrow at this time next… on Friday...

QUESTIONS:Will + subject + have + past participle Will you have finished by 10?

FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE

AFFIRMATIVE:Subject + will + have + past participle I will have woken up at 12

USE:we look back to the past from a point in the future. At the end of this month, they will have been in their house for one year.

NEGATIVE: will + not + have + past participle They won't have opened the door.

TIME EXPRESSIONS:by the end of… by this time next… in four months

PRACTICE