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5.1

Debunk simulation

Rubén Arcos & Manuel Gertrudix | URJC

doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10062048

2021-1-RO01-KA220-HED-000031158

DOMINOES Course © 2023 by URJC, MVNIA, UoM & NSC is licensed under CC BY 4.0

The European Commission support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the National Agency and Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Pathway to victory: disinformation game

This section employs active learning methods with the aim that students apply the competences acquired in previous sections. Participants will be exposed to several role-playing simulation exercises with different objectives, including the production of a debunking piece, producing digital content using generative AI, and will be facing different scenarios involving decision-making. By reflecting on the specific individual and in-group experiences enabled by simulations/gaming, participants will critically reflect on concepts, practices, technologies and countermeasures to disinformation.

Rubén ARCOS | URJC

Digital cOMpetences INformatiOn EcoSystem

Unit objeCtives

  • To apply and practice competences acquired is previous course sections.
  • To critically reflect from specific experiences in simulation exercises dealing with some aspect of disinformation.
  • To know and understand the underlying structure of fact-checking/debunking products.
  • To understand and assess principles and standards underlying professional practices to counter disinformation.

Manuel GERTRUDIX | URJC

Digital cOMpetences INformatiOn EcoSystem

Know YOUR character

01

Digital cOMpetences INformatiOn EcoSystem

Debunk simulation

2021-1-RO01-KA220-HED-000031158

The European Commission support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the National Agency andCommission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

your first mission

02

Digital cOMpetences INformatiOn EcoSystem

Steps to perform the debunk

Identification and selection of the suspicious piece of content

03

Preliminary evaluation of the reliability of the source and the credibility of the content
Identification of the main claim or claims, supporting arguments (chain of argumentation), and underlying evidence (tangible and testimonial evidence).

Digital cOMpetences INformatiOn EcoSystem

Steps to perform the debunk

Assessment of the underlying evidence and soundness of reasoning (check for fallacies, non sequiturs, and other flawed reasoning)

03

Production of the debunk
Review by peers (and the editor)
Dissemination

Digital cOMpetences INformatiOn EcoSystem

debunk models

04

Digital cOMpetences INformatiOn EcoSystem

debunk models

04

Click on the different parts of the article to see the analysis of the model

Digital cOMpetences INformatiOn EcoSystem

03

Read the translated text

Second Screen

Infograpy + Text

Put yourself in the role of a fact-checking practitioner and carefully read the following piece.

TASK

05

Consider the previously explained debunking process and associated checklist

Look at the following examples from fact-checking/debunking organizations

Produce a debunking piece

Present the dunking piece and discuss it with your classmates Running time for the production of the debunk: 40 minutes.

Read the text

40

minutes

Running time for the production of the debunk

Digital cOMpetences INformatiOn EcoSystem

03

Read the translated text

Second Screen

Infograpy + Text

Poland wants to annex three regions of western Ukraine when peace is negotiated

Andrzej Duda's country wants to annex Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk and most of Ternopil

1 May 2023 06:50 Updated 1 May 2023 19:54

But in addition, the military forces of Russia and Ukraine are already so worn down that a resurgence of the offensives to force Zelensky's allies to negotiate cannot be ruled out.In January of this year there were already some negotiations in which, according to military sources familiar with them, there was a debate about dividing Ukraine in two along the Dnieper River: eastern Ukraine and western Ukraine, with a demilitarized zone on both banks of the river. 15 or 20 kilometers to avoid artillery attacks. Stricto sensu, Ukraine would keep the western part and Russia the eastern part. That is, Ukraine would lose almost half of its territory, although it would remain protected by the US and NATO. Those negotiations failed due to different factors, among them, that Poland already put on the table its old demands to recover the areas it lost after World War II in Ukrainian territory. Specifically, the director of the Russian foreign intelligence service, Sergey Naryshkin, already assured then that ️Poland wanted to annex Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk and part of Ternopil. According to him, Poland believes that it deserves generous compensation from Ukraine for military assistance and shelter for the displaced. "Poland is not giving up the idea of ​​getting the western part of Ukraine, a dream of Polish nationalists for years," says Naryshkin. Faced with such demands, both Russia and the US preferred to freeze the negotiations.

The signing of the armistice between Ukraine and Russia would be getting closer. News comes from various sources of an upcoming major Russian offensive on the punished Ukrainian territory to force peace negotiations. A peace that will be very difficult to agree on, apart from the enormous tensions between Putin and Zelenski, because Andrzej Duda's country also demands part of the board: Poland wants to annex three regions in western Ukraine: Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk and the largest part of Ternopil. The three zones add up to around 50,000 square kilometers. Polish nationalists do not abandon their old dream of obtaining the western part of Ukraine, an aspiration that has its origins in the end of World War II, since Poland was the only country to be left empty-handed after the end of the war. Not only that, but it also lost territory in the eastern part of the country due to the division of borders made in the Paris Treaty of 1947. These territories are more or less the three regions of Ukraine that Poland now wants to recover. In fact, Warsaw continues to claim 1.3 billion euros from Germany as payment for the damage suffered during World War II. The end of the war due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine is estimated by various military analysts at the end of this summer due to interests, especially those of the United States.

Digital cOMpetences INformatiOn EcoSystem

Check list

06

Digital cOMpetences INformatiOn EcoSystem

Publish your DEBUNK on this padlet

07

Comment on the results

08

https://padlet.com/manuel_gertrudi/task-5-1-debunk-6oe944atyxd4ocr

Digital cOMpetences INformatiOn EcoSystem

Digital cOMpetences INformatiOn EcoSystem

Audiovisual and multimedia production:

2021-1-RO01-KA220-HED-000031158

DOMINOES Course © 2023 by URJC, MVNIA, UoM & NSC is licensed under CC BY 4.0

The European Commission support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the National Agency and Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

wo days ago you started your first job in an international organisation founded by the Faculty of Communication of the University of Alétheia.

"We work for ethical journalism"

The Alétheia organisation works with institutions from different countries that are at the forefront of the fight against disinformation, and their help is essential because the problem of disinformation does not stop growing.

You are excited because it is your first job after graduation, but you know that the best is expected of you. And when you see your name, Nick Veritas, on the card you have been given, even more responsibility weighs on you.

You doubt whether you are up to this challenge. But you think: "You have to pull your socks up". Go for it.

You look ahead, and on the door of the organisation's director, in big letters, is the motto that reflects the vision of this institution:

This module aims at presenting the main technological instruments and initiatives in the field of combating online disinformation, in addition to the previous sections that present the techniques employed by different disinformation processes. In the general architecture of the handbook, the module helps the target group to understand the phenomenon of disinformation in a comprehensive manner, by acknowledging which are the weapons one can use in order to avoid becoming a victim of false content, as well as developing their digital skills by exploring different technical solutions to combat online disinformation. Therefore, the module is structured into two main parts: (1) a part dedicated to establishing a common understanding of the key concepts that will be developed and employed in the whole module, and (2) a compiled list of one of the most known applications and other technological solutions to counteract and combat (to a certain level) the effects of online disinformation, whith their limits. Main research questions addressed

  • What is the role of technological tools in fighting disinformation?
  • Which are the main technological initiatives in in terms of combating disinformation and what is their potential and limitations?

wo days ago you started your first job in an international organisation founded by the Faculty of Communication of the University of Alétheia.

"We work for ethical journalism"

The Alétheia organisation works with institutions from different countries that are at the forefront of the fight against disinformation, and their help is essential because the problem of disinformation does not stop growing.

You are excited because it is your first job after graduation, but you know that the best is expected of you. And when you see your name, Nick Veritas, on the card you have been given, even more responsibility weighs on you.

You doubt whether you are up to this challenge. But you think: "You have to pull your socks up". Go for it.

You look ahead, and on the door of the organisation's director, in big letters, is the motto that reflects the vision of this institution:

Disinformation claim misrepresenting Lithuania as a militaristic country by misquoting a Lithuanian official.

The claim is false. It is grounded on a real discussion about the perspectives of universal conscription in Lithuania. The quote of Gabrielius Landsbergis is almost correct, save for one thing: he never used the term “slaves”.

The claim about the age of conscripts is also false. The age of conscription in Lithuania is from 19 to 26 years old. Only men are the subject of conscription. Men and women from 18 to 38 years old can enlist in military service in Lithuania on a voluntary basis.

See other similar cases of disinformation portraying Lithuania as an aggressive state preparing for the war:

The US will push Lithuania for war against Russia after the collapse of Ukraine;

Poland and Lithuania dream of taking over Belarus and Western Ukraine;

Lithuania is a cannon fodder for the US.

wo days ago you started your first job in an international organisation founded by the Faculty of Communication of the University of Alétheia.

"We work for ethical journalism"

The Alétheia organisation works with institutions from different countries that are at the forefront of the fight against disinformation, and their help is essential because the problem of disinformation does not stop growing.

You are excited because it is your first job after graduation, but you know that the best is expected of you. And when you see your name, Nick Veritas, on the card you have been given, even more responsibility weighs on you.

You doubt whether you are up to this challenge. But you think: "You have to pull your socks up". Go for it.

You look ahead, and on the door of the organisation's director, in big letters, is the motto that reflects the vision of this institution:

wo days ago you started your first job in an international organisation founded by the Faculty of Communication of the University of Alétheia.

"We work for ethical journalism"

The Alétheia organisation works with institutions from different countries that are at the forefront of the fight against disinformation, and their help is essential because the problem of disinformation does not stop growing.

You are excited because it is your first job after graduation, but you know that the best is expected of you. And when you see your name, Nick Veritas, on the card you have been given, even more responsibility weighs on you.

You doubt whether you are up to this challenge. But you think: "You have to pull your socks up". Go for it.

You look ahead, and on the door of the organisation's director, in big letters, is the motto that reflects the vision of this institution:

ou don't know how, but your first assignment in the organization has been a success. You are proud of it, but you already know that they have noticed you, and that soon, you will have to face a new challenge.

Suddenly, he approaches you, and he says:

Nick, that was your name, right? You're going to take care of it. Get to work.

The DOMINOES course you took seems to be paying off, and you are gaining confidence.You're thinking about it when suddenly your boss comes out of his office and addresses the entire newsroom.

I want you to prepare an example that will allow students to understand how this technology works so that they will be able to detect how it is being used to make fake content.

The Ministry of Education has asked your organization to teach schools how Artificial Intelligence works to create false content and deepfakes.

Next, your boss begins to tell you all the things that you should take into account. He starts writing down in your notebook!

wo days ago you started your first job in an international organisation founded by the Faculty of Communication of the University of Alétheia.

"We work for ethical journalism"

The Alétheia organisation works with institutions from different countries that are at the forefront of the fight against disinformation, and their help is essential because the problem of disinformation does not stop growing.

You are excited because it is your first job after graduation, but you know that the best is expected of you. And when you see your name, Nick Veritas, on the card you have been given, even more responsibility weighs on you.

You doubt whether you are up to this challenge. But you think: "You have to pull your socks up". Go for it.

You look ahead, and on the door of the organisation's director, in big letters, is the motto that reflects the vision of this institution:

wo days ago you started your first job in an international organisation founded by the Faculty of Communication of the University of Alétheia.

"We work for ethical journalism"

The Alétheia organisation works with institutions from different countries that are at the forefront of the fight against disinformation, and their help is essential because the problem of disinformation does not stop growing.

You are excited because it is your first job after graduation, but you know that the best is expected of you. And when you see your name, Nick Veritas, on the card you have been given, even more responsibility weighs on you.

You doubt whether you are up to this challenge. But you think: "You have to pull your socks up". Go for it.

You look ahead, and on the door of the organisation's director, in big letters, is the motto that reflects the vision of this institution:

You're not wrong. Not even 24 hours pass and he's already standing in front of your post, pestering you with questions. She wants to know if you are ready to debunk a published story. She knows you've taken the prestigious DOMINOES course and is asking you questions to verify that you really know what to do.

verything indicates that you won't be bored at all in this job. You look around, and everyone seems very busy. Your boss gives you a sideways glance every time he walks past you.

You feel a little lonely, but you're afraid that at any moment a storm will break and your boss will decide to take notice of you.Who knows what awaits you!!!

ou don't know how, but your first assignment in the organization has been a success. You are proud of it, but you already know that they have noticed you, and that soon, you will have to face a new challenge.

Suddenly, he approaches you, and he says:

Nick, that was your name, right? You're going to take care of it. Get to work.

The DOMINOES course you took seems to be paying off, and you are gaining confidence.You're thinking about it when suddenly your boss comes out of his office and addresses the entire newsroom.

I want you to prepare an example that will allow students to understand how this technology works so that they will be able to detect how it is being used to make fake content.

The Ministry of Education has asked your organization to teach schools how Artificial Intelligence works to create false content and deepfakes.

Next, your boss begins to tell you all the things that you should take into account. He starts writing down in your notebook!

wo days ago you started your first job in an international organisation founded by the Faculty of Communication of the University of Alétheia.

"We work for ethical journalism"

The Alétheia organisation works with institutions from different countries that are at the forefront of the fight against disinformation, and their help is essential because the problem of disinformation does not stop growing.

You are excited because it is your first job after graduation, but you know that the best is expected of you. And when you see your name, Nick Veritas, on the card you have been given, even more responsibility weighs on you.

You doubt whether you are up to this challenge. But you think: "You have to pull your socks up". Go for it.

You look ahead, and on the door of the organisation's director, in big letters, is the motto that reflects the vision of this institution: