THE RAINBOW NATION
Part 2
Part 3
Part 1
THE RAINBOW NATION
NOTION : MAKING YOUR VOICE HEARD, REPRESENTATION AND PARTICIPATION -> DEMOCRACY, POWER AND COUNTER-POWER
QUESTION : To what extent can South Africans cope with their country's past and tackle current issues ?
FINAL TASK : oral expression 1994 - 2024 : record a podcast about the Rainbow Nation Explain the legacy of Nelson Mandela to the "born-free nation"
INTRODUCTION
" To be free is not merely to cast off one’s chains but to live in one way that respects and enhances the freedom of others" N. Mandela
describe this postcard to your partner
Look at the visuals
Pick out elements showing that South Africa is a diverse country
watch the video
Siyamthanda Kolisi : South African professional rugby union player who currently captains the South Africa national team. He led the South African Rugby team to victory in the 2019 Rugby World Cup Final against England. In December 2019, Kolisi was named in New African magazine's list of 100 Most Influential Africans.
Pick out elements showing that South Africa is a diverse country
In 2019, the world saw our best, but where does our best come from ? Often our best is no fixed address, our best can be found in unexpected places. You'll probably have to do some work to find it. Don't worry though, there'll always be someone who'll show you the way. If you're patient, sometimes our best will come to you. So, take your time, look closer, because the very best our country has to offer is always just beyong the obvious, but never out of reach
The visuals illustrate the diversity of South Africa: its people, animals or landscapes.Siya Kolisi, a South-African famous rugby players promotes his own country and shares his hopes about the potential of South Africa… We can guess that Apartheid had an impact on the younger generations’ identity. Younger generations come from a multicultural background and embrace diversity.
let's learn some vocabulary
click on the logo to get access to the vocabulary list
What do you know about apartheid and nelson mandela ?
PART 1 MANDELA'S LEGACY
webquest
Visit the following websites and answer the questions
webquest
webquest
webquest
webquest
How much do you know about apartheid ?
activity 2
activity 1
“Apartheid” is an Afrikan word which means “apart-hood” or the state of being apart. It was the system of racial inequality, segregation and discrimination in South Africa that was started after World War II. It was enforced by the laws of the South African National Party governments from 1948 to 1994. These government officials were white rulers in the nation of South Africa and their laws cut the right of all non-white citizens – coloured, Bantus, or Black Africans, and others – so that they were not equal to other citizens in the country. An organization called the South African National Congress opposed those laws. It became the ANC, the African National Congress, with Nelson Mandela as their leader. They started organizing protests in 1952. Nelson Mandela was arrested in 1961 and thrown into prison. In 1973, the United Nations General Assembly focused on Apartheid and denounced it. By 1976, the UN Security Council voted to impose embargos against the sale of firearms to South Africa. People from all over the world began to join the anti-apartheid movement and to protest against the imprisonment of Nelson Mandela, who was released from prison in 1990. In 1994, elections were held and, for the first time, there was a non-white majority which led to the end of apartheid.
Apartheid
“Apartheid” is an __________ word which means “apart-hood” or the state of being apart. It was the system of __________ inequality, segregation and discrimination in South __________ that was started after __________. It was enforced by the laws of the South African National Party governments from __________ to __________. These government officials were white rulers in the nation of South Africa and their __________ cut the right of all non-white citizens – coloured, Bantus, or Black Africans, and others – so that they were not __________ to other citizens in the country. An organization called the South African National __________ opposed those laws. It became the __________, the African National Congress, with __________ __________ as their leader. They started organizing protests in __________. Nelson Mandela was arrested in __________ and thrown into prison. In __________, the United Nations General Assembly focused on Apartheid and denounced it. By __________, the UN Security Council voted to impose embargos against the sale of __________ to South Africa. People from all over the world began to join the __________ movement and to protest against the__________ of Nelson Mandela, who was __________ from prison in __________. In 1994, __________ were held and, for the first time, there was a non-white __________ which led to the end of apartheid.
Describe the picture and focus on the kids' attitude
Mandela's mural
This photo represents a mural of President Mandela, beloved for leading his country out of apartheid.
His international activism for peace brought a spotlight to Johannesburg, and it’s still shining that’s why he is portrayed everywhere in South Africa.
This mural is a tribute which illustrates a kind of timeline highlighting 3 important moments in his life.
Some children are posing in front of the wall in some sort of a defiant and determined attitude. They must be proud of Mandela’s legacy and probably don’t want to forget about him and his actions.
Robben island, a world heritage site
Watch the video 1. Pick out details about Robben Island - where it is - what it is used for 2. say what tourists go to Robben Island for and why 3. What does it symbolize now ?
script
Narrator – The view from Robben Island, South Africa, is something to behold. From this rocky thumbprint of land, twelve kilometres off the coast of Cape Town, you see Table Mountain standing tall. It was a view that Nelson Mandela and other South African freedom fighters came to know well. These political prisoners watched years turn into decades while they looked across the water at one of the world’s most beautiful cities. Their own days were spent in what became known as a symbol of Apartheid oppression, in South Africa’s most brutal prison. Today, South Africa is a democratic republic, and Robben Island is a national monument and a world heritage site where you can take a fascinating and moving tour.Over the years, Robben Island has been a prison, a hospital, a quarantine station and even a leper colony. And you’ll see remnants of all these eras during your drive. But most of those familiar with South African history come to see the maximum-security prison, to see this cell where Nelson Mandela, first democratically elected president of the country, spent 18 years in jail.
Robben Island
Robben Island is in South Africa, twelve kilometres off the coast of Cape Town. Robben Island now is a national monument and a world heritage site, but over the years, it has been a prison, a hospital, a quarantine station and even a leper colony. Most of the tourists come to see the maximum-security prison, to see this cell where Nelson Mandela, first democratically elected president of the country, spent 18 years in jail, as some sort of tribute to his dedication. Now, Robben Island has come to symbolize for South Africa and for the entire world, the triumph of human spirit.
MY PRISONER, MY FRIEND
- What do you expect to read from the title ?
- Check your hypotheses. Explain l.2-3 « I saw … to survive ».
- How did their relationship evolve ? What’s striking/surprising ? Quote.
- Explain and comment on Mandela’s long-lasting impact on the narrator. Quote.
When reading the title, we expect the text to be about the relationship between N. Mandela and the author. It may assume that it is an excerpt/extract from Christo Brand’s biography where he evokes his memories with Mandela and that they must have known each other in prison and become friends. We soon realize that actually Christo wasn’t a prisoner, he was a warden which means he was Nelson Mandela's superior making him obey the rules and comply with orders such as cleaning, scrubbing floors … It turned out that they became friends despite the fact they were not on the same level.
L.5-6 « across our different worlds, over time, we somehow came to be friends who were able to show each other kindness and consideration ». Christo Brand was influenced by Nelson Mandela’s forgiveness and his constant fight for peace.
L.14-15 « I walked some of that road with him, an incredible journey that defines my life today ».
ENTRAINEMENT À LA TRADUCTION
Translate from l 7 " He addressed me..." to line 6 "no warders in sight."
Il s'adressait à moi, un simple garçon, en me nommant M. Brand, je l'appelais Mandela. Ensemble, à travers nos mondes différents, au fil du temps, nous sommes d'une certaine façon devenus des amis capables de se témoigner de la gentillesse et de la considération mutuelles. Le jour de sa libération, il a été décidé qu'il devait sortir librement par les portes de la prison avec sa femme Winnie à ses côtés et aucun gardien en vue.
RESEARCH
RESEARCH
Identify the document Explain why South Africa is nicknamed « The Rainbow Nation ».
This infographic shows that South Africa is called the Rainbow Nation due to its diverse and multicultural society with several different peoples and languages.
RESEARCH
Read the text
LA PROPOSITION INFINITIVE
activity 1 activity 2
CAUSATIVES "LAISSER FAIRE" ET "FAIRE FAIRE"
lien vidéo
activity
YOUR TASK
You are a spokesperson for the South African government. Make a short speech to introduce the government's project to pursue Mandela's dream
PART 2 LIVING COLOURED
LIVING COLOURED
Trevor Noah is a famous TV host and comedian in the USA. He was born and raised in South Africa during apartheid and often explains how his mixed-race background influenced his daily life
Trevor Noah on "Born a Crime"
Watch the video Sum up what you've understood Explain the title
BORN A CRIME
The title explains his mixed-race background and origins as his father is white and his mother was black. He says he grew up in the twilight of Apartheid when his parents were not supposed to get together. He spent his chilhood hidden from the authorities without knowing his existence was against the law. Despite those difficult years, he was welcomed in the African community in which he felt at home even if his country divided people into race, making his mother and himself suffer from different racism and being given different liberties according to the law.
Document C
Look at the photo and watch the video
Explain what South Africa’s coloured community is facing
NOT BLACK ENOUGH, NOT WHITE ENOUGH
Reporter – This is Westbury, a predominantly Coloured neighbourhood in Johannesburg... Young man – Come and join us, enjoy Westbury life. Reporter – ... where people of mixed heritage live. People like me. It’s a community caught in the crossfire between drugs and gangs. But they are also battling perceptions that in the new South Africa, they are not quite black enough. Reporter – During apartheid, the government separated the many Afrikaans-speaking people from Black Africans, and forced them to live in areas like this one. On the streets, we meet some community activists holding a meeting about the challenges facing Westbury. It’s a great opportunity to ask them to define the Coloured identity. Male interviewee 1 – I’m a Coloured, I call myself a Coloured because through the apartheid government, we were given this name, Coloured. I have a... My grand-, my grandmother is Scottish and my father and my grandfather is a Zulu. Female interviewee 2 – What is a Coloured? Because I can’t see myself as a Coloured. This identity was forced on to me. Male interviewee 3 – If you have an identity crisis, what do you do? You don’t know who you are. The problem that we have in here is that the people don’t know who they are. And history has been distorted so much so that even the Coloured believe he is a Coloured, even though this identity was forced upon us, first by the colonialists, then the national government, and now the democratic dispensation.
NOT BLACK ENOUGH, NOT WHITE ENOUGH
« Coloured » is the official term given by the government for mixed-race people who were alienated during the country’s apartheid regime. Many in the community now feel that the current democracy also marginalises them – that they “aren’t black enough”. They question their own identity because they don’t know who they are. They talk about an identity crisis that may also trigger violence in the coloured communities across South Africa. Fed up with gangs, drugs and unemployment, residents took their frustration to the streets as shown in the report.
PART 3 OLD WOUNDS, NEW FIGHTS
Describe and analyse the visual
This political cartoon highlights the remaining inequalities since the end of apartheid.
Indeed, despite Mandela’s dream of a reconciled and united nation, South Africa is still struggling and suffering from wealth inequalities ostracizing/excluding people according to their « race » or status.
translate
While Black South Africans have outnumbered Whites in the richest 10% of the population for about 7 years, the gap between South Africa’s richest and poorest hasn’t narrowed as the decline in racial inequality has been driven almost entirely by a surge in the top Black incomes rather than increased wealth for the poorest, according to World Inequality Lab data. outnumber -> chassé croisé attention aux répétitions
translate
Bien que les Sud-Africains noirs aient dépassé en nombre les Blancs dans les 10 % les plus riches de la population pendant environ 7 ans, l'écart entre les plus aisés et les plus modestes en Afrique du Sud ne s'est pas réduit, car le déclin de l'inégalité raciale a été principalement provoqué par une hausse des revenus des Noirs les plus fortunés plutôt que par une augmentation de la fortune des plus pauvres, selon les données du World Inequality Lab.
Watch the video about the born-free generation in Capetown and summarize.
recap
Students and pupils interrogated in Capetown belong to the born-free generation which means they were born after apartheid. Yet, they are all aware of their parents’ painful and shocking experience/background and recognize that because of it, to some extent apartheid is part of them.
However, they value the democracy they now live in and appreciate the fact that they were born-free, they are proud of their country and its progress and they consider themselves as privileged.
Watch the video and be ready to recap
EVALUATION : ORAL COMPREHENSION
recap
In this report, we witness the youth of Soweto divided on the Rainbow Nation, Mandela’s legacy.
At first, we learn that the Rainbow Nation has turned into a crime and drug nation, young people sound disillusioned by Mandela’s myth/dream far from reality since they still don’t have a job or prospect/chance to succeed in life.
Yet, not everyone hast lost optimism. For some young people, Mandela is still a symbol of hope, peace and reconciliation. We can now hear a young student in political science, belonging to the well-educated elite, praising Mandela’s legacy. Born-free to mixed-race parents, this young girl has managed to succeed in life taking advantage of opportunities but she’s aware that not everyone has been able to benefit from that legacy
To conclude
Today everyone is free in South Africa but racial tensions still exist and opportunities are not the same for everyone. Today, one part of the youth still feels excluded and is sorely disappointed and resentful. For others, the country has evolved positively, but has not solved the racism and inequalities at the heart of society.
1. The students demonstrate because they want more black people to have access to university and participate in the economy / they want less debt / they want cheaper university fees / they want to fight against the exclusion of the entire black community from society 2. Find and comment on the noun that is not related to education : students / income / scholarship / tuition fees
The word not related to education is “income”. (salary). The money that comes in in black families is often insufficient to pay for university fees.
3. Explain in your own words “This is their generation’s cause”
In the same way as their parents’ cause was the abolition of apartheid, the born-free generation’s cause is the fight for access to education and equal opportunities for all.
- Read the article and explain what has changed about activism in South Africa - Read the post and identify the fight led through the hashtag
The Internet has changed activism in South Africa. In the days of Apartheid, there was an armed stuggle against that oppressive regime and activists often had to seek refuge in foreign countries. Today, activism is led by the young generation born after the abolition of Apartheid (1994) – the born-free generations, and it takes place on the web (in the vast territory of the Internet). Also historical icons have been replaced by anonymous activists who are often younger. This document is a tweet from the organisation Social South Africa. We see a young girl making a sign of protest. The caption says that natural hair is not a threat. The girl may be protesting to be allowed to wear her hair “afro style”
Watch the video and be ready to recap
Schools in South Africa have long had strict rules for students on their behaviour, their uniforms, and their hair. Last months, black students at the prestigious Pretoria girl high school for girls protested a clause that banned wide cornrows, braids and dreadlocks. The school, which was an all-white institution until the mid 1990s dropped the restrictions but the conversation about so-called acceptable black hairstyles continues. These students are challenging their teachers. They want this school to change its code of conduct. Black students are questioning why they are not allowed to wear theur hair naturally. For most of the protesters the debate goes beyond hairstyles. These girls have the support of former students who say they've had the same experiences. They say the rules in this previously whites-only school are racist. 3They also use the word "exotic" here when explaining what untidy and what unacceptable here started. Those words like exotic are problematic. saying that African bodies and their hair on African soil are exotic, that's not the definition of exotic. When they say they expect neat and tidy hair, what is your meaning of neat ? Some Swazi students eventually managed to meet with the Provincial Minister of Education. their memoradum is being treated as urgent
« The play beautifully and sensitively portrayed Mandela’s life and captured the essential elements of not only his life but of the times and the changes in society. I was so impressed with the actors - each and every one of them! Their diction was crystal clear. The videos are wonderful; they truly enhance the show. And the music is perfect! The haunting lullaby that Winnie sings to her baby is so beautiful »
« Our students really loved the play, they were very enthusiastic about it. They found it very touching, very good, quite easy to understand and really appreciated the fact that the actors were so available in the end. »
« Great show and amazing actors ! We all loved it, kids and teachers !! Thank you very much for this fantastic play and congratulations to all of you »
A few lines to confirm our delight to everyone during the show Mandela. It was really excellent in every way. All the other actors were of such high quality, with a radiant presence on stage.
They articulated clearly enough and the choice of the stages of Mandela's life was quite judicious. The direction was sober and evocative, enhanced by the screen-based videos that transported us into the world of South Africa. The language level chosen was both rich and affordable.
« The music in INCREDIBLE ! I still sing it in my head several times a day »
The Rainbow Nation
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Transcript
THE RAINBOW NATION
Part 2
Part 3
Part 1
THE RAINBOW NATION
NOTION : MAKING YOUR VOICE HEARD, REPRESENTATION AND PARTICIPATION -> DEMOCRACY, POWER AND COUNTER-POWER
QUESTION : To what extent can South Africans cope with their country's past and tackle current issues ?
FINAL TASK : oral expression 1994 - 2024 : record a podcast about the Rainbow Nation Explain the legacy of Nelson Mandela to the "born-free nation"
INTRODUCTION
" To be free is not merely to cast off one’s chains but to live in one way that respects and enhances the freedom of others" N. Mandela
describe this postcard to your partner
Look at the visuals
Pick out elements showing that South Africa is a diverse country
watch the video
Siyamthanda Kolisi : South African professional rugby union player who currently captains the South Africa national team. He led the South African Rugby team to victory in the 2019 Rugby World Cup Final against England. In December 2019, Kolisi was named in New African magazine's list of 100 Most Influential Africans.
Pick out elements showing that South Africa is a diverse country
In 2019, the world saw our best, but where does our best come from ? Often our best is no fixed address, our best can be found in unexpected places. You'll probably have to do some work to find it. Don't worry though, there'll always be someone who'll show you the way. If you're patient, sometimes our best will come to you. So, take your time, look closer, because the very best our country has to offer is always just beyong the obvious, but never out of reach
The visuals illustrate the diversity of South Africa: its people, animals or landscapes.Siya Kolisi, a South-African famous rugby players promotes his own country and shares his hopes about the potential of South Africa… We can guess that Apartheid had an impact on the younger generations’ identity. Younger generations come from a multicultural background and embrace diversity.
let's learn some vocabulary
click on the logo to get access to the vocabulary list
What do you know about apartheid and nelson mandela ?
PART 1 MANDELA'S LEGACY
webquest
Visit the following websites and answer the questions
webquest
webquest
webquest
webquest
How much do you know about apartheid ?
activity 2
activity 1
“Apartheid” is an Afrikan word which means “apart-hood” or the state of being apart. It was the system of racial inequality, segregation and discrimination in South Africa that was started after World War II. It was enforced by the laws of the South African National Party governments from 1948 to 1994. These government officials were white rulers in the nation of South Africa and their laws cut the right of all non-white citizens – coloured, Bantus, or Black Africans, and others – so that they were not equal to other citizens in the country. An organization called the South African National Congress opposed those laws. It became the ANC, the African National Congress, with Nelson Mandela as their leader. They started organizing protests in 1952. Nelson Mandela was arrested in 1961 and thrown into prison. In 1973, the United Nations General Assembly focused on Apartheid and denounced it. By 1976, the UN Security Council voted to impose embargos against the sale of firearms to South Africa. People from all over the world began to join the anti-apartheid movement and to protest against the imprisonment of Nelson Mandela, who was released from prison in 1990. In 1994, elections were held and, for the first time, there was a non-white majority which led to the end of apartheid.
Apartheid
“Apartheid” is an __________ word which means “apart-hood” or the state of being apart. It was the system of __________ inequality, segregation and discrimination in South __________ that was started after __________. It was enforced by the laws of the South African National Party governments from __________ to __________. These government officials were white rulers in the nation of South Africa and their __________ cut the right of all non-white citizens – coloured, Bantus, or Black Africans, and others – so that they were not __________ to other citizens in the country. An organization called the South African National __________ opposed those laws. It became the __________, the African National Congress, with __________ __________ as their leader. They started organizing protests in __________. Nelson Mandela was arrested in __________ and thrown into prison. In __________, the United Nations General Assembly focused on Apartheid and denounced it. By __________, the UN Security Council voted to impose embargos against the sale of __________ to South Africa. People from all over the world began to join the __________ movement and to protest against the__________ of Nelson Mandela, who was __________ from prison in __________. In 1994, __________ were held and, for the first time, there was a non-white __________ which led to the end of apartheid.
Describe the picture and focus on the kids' attitude
Mandela's mural
This photo represents a mural of President Mandela, beloved for leading his country out of apartheid. His international activism for peace brought a spotlight to Johannesburg, and it’s still shining that’s why he is portrayed everywhere in South Africa. This mural is a tribute which illustrates a kind of timeline highlighting 3 important moments in his life. Some children are posing in front of the wall in some sort of a defiant and determined attitude. They must be proud of Mandela’s legacy and probably don’t want to forget about him and his actions.
Robben island, a world heritage site
Watch the video 1. Pick out details about Robben Island - where it is - what it is used for 2. say what tourists go to Robben Island for and why 3. What does it symbolize now ?
script
Narrator – The view from Robben Island, South Africa, is something to behold. From this rocky thumbprint of land, twelve kilometres off the coast of Cape Town, you see Table Mountain standing tall. It was a view that Nelson Mandela and other South African freedom fighters came to know well. These political prisoners watched years turn into decades while they looked across the water at one of the world’s most beautiful cities. Their own days were spent in what became known as a symbol of Apartheid oppression, in South Africa’s most brutal prison. Today, South Africa is a democratic republic, and Robben Island is a national monument and a world heritage site where you can take a fascinating and moving tour.Over the years, Robben Island has been a prison, a hospital, a quarantine station and even a leper colony. And you’ll see remnants of all these eras during your drive. But most of those familiar with South African history come to see the maximum-security prison, to see this cell where Nelson Mandela, first democratically elected president of the country, spent 18 years in jail.
Robben Island
Robben Island is in South Africa, twelve kilometres off the coast of Cape Town. Robben Island now is a national monument and a world heritage site, but over the years, it has been a prison, a hospital, a quarantine station and even a leper colony. Most of the tourists come to see the maximum-security prison, to see this cell where Nelson Mandela, first democratically elected president of the country, spent 18 years in jail, as some sort of tribute to his dedication. Now, Robben Island has come to symbolize for South Africa and for the entire world, the triumph of human spirit.
MY PRISONER, MY FRIEND
- What do you expect to read from the title ? - Check your hypotheses. Explain l.2-3 « I saw … to survive ». - How did their relationship evolve ? What’s striking/surprising ? Quote. - Explain and comment on Mandela’s long-lasting impact on the narrator. Quote.
When reading the title, we expect the text to be about the relationship between N. Mandela and the author. It may assume that it is an excerpt/extract from Christo Brand’s biography where he evokes his memories with Mandela and that they must have known each other in prison and become friends. We soon realize that actually Christo wasn’t a prisoner, he was a warden which means he was Nelson Mandela's superior making him obey the rules and comply with orders such as cleaning, scrubbing floors … It turned out that they became friends despite the fact they were not on the same level. L.5-6 « across our different worlds, over time, we somehow came to be friends who were able to show each other kindness and consideration ». Christo Brand was influenced by Nelson Mandela’s forgiveness and his constant fight for peace. L.14-15 « I walked some of that road with him, an incredible journey that defines my life today ».
ENTRAINEMENT À LA TRADUCTION
Translate from l 7 " He addressed me..." to line 6 "no warders in sight."
Il s'adressait à moi, un simple garçon, en me nommant M. Brand, je l'appelais Mandela. Ensemble, à travers nos mondes différents, au fil du temps, nous sommes d'une certaine façon devenus des amis capables de se témoigner de la gentillesse et de la considération mutuelles. Le jour de sa libération, il a été décidé qu'il devait sortir librement par les portes de la prison avec sa femme Winnie à ses côtés et aucun gardien en vue.
RESEARCH
RESEARCH
Identify the document Explain why South Africa is nicknamed « The Rainbow Nation ».
This infographic shows that South Africa is called the Rainbow Nation due to its diverse and multicultural society with several different peoples and languages.
RESEARCH
Read the text
LA PROPOSITION INFINITIVE
activity 1 activity 2
CAUSATIVES "LAISSER FAIRE" ET "FAIRE FAIRE"
lien vidéo
activity
YOUR TASK
You are a spokesperson for the South African government. Make a short speech to introduce the government's project to pursue Mandela's dream
PART 2 LIVING COLOURED
LIVING COLOURED
Trevor Noah is a famous TV host and comedian in the USA. He was born and raised in South Africa during apartheid and often explains how his mixed-race background influenced his daily life
Trevor Noah on "Born a Crime"
Watch the video Sum up what you've understood Explain the title
BORN A CRIME
The title explains his mixed-race background and origins as his father is white and his mother was black. He says he grew up in the twilight of Apartheid when his parents were not supposed to get together. He spent his chilhood hidden from the authorities without knowing his existence was against the law. Despite those difficult years, he was welcomed in the African community in which he felt at home even if his country divided people into race, making his mother and himself suffer from different racism and being given different liberties according to the law.
Document C
Look at the photo and watch the video
Explain what South Africa’s coloured community is facing
NOT BLACK ENOUGH, NOT WHITE ENOUGH
Reporter – This is Westbury, a predominantly Coloured neighbourhood in Johannesburg... Young man – Come and join us, enjoy Westbury life. Reporter – ... where people of mixed heritage live. People like me. It’s a community caught in the crossfire between drugs and gangs. But they are also battling perceptions that in the new South Africa, they are not quite black enough. Reporter – During apartheid, the government separated the many Afrikaans-speaking people from Black Africans, and forced them to live in areas like this one. On the streets, we meet some community activists holding a meeting about the challenges facing Westbury. It’s a great opportunity to ask them to define the Coloured identity. Male interviewee 1 – I’m a Coloured, I call myself a Coloured because through the apartheid government, we were given this name, Coloured. I have a... My grand-, my grandmother is Scottish and my father and my grandfather is a Zulu. Female interviewee 2 – What is a Coloured? Because I can’t see myself as a Coloured. This identity was forced on to me. Male interviewee 3 – If you have an identity crisis, what do you do? You don’t know who you are. The problem that we have in here is that the people don’t know who they are. And history has been distorted so much so that even the Coloured believe he is a Coloured, even though this identity was forced upon us, first by the colonialists, then the national government, and now the democratic dispensation.
NOT BLACK ENOUGH, NOT WHITE ENOUGH
« Coloured » is the official term given by the government for mixed-race people who were alienated during the country’s apartheid regime. Many in the community now feel that the current democracy also marginalises them – that they “aren’t black enough”. They question their own identity because they don’t know who they are. They talk about an identity crisis that may also trigger violence in the coloured communities across South Africa. Fed up with gangs, drugs and unemployment, residents took their frustration to the streets as shown in the report.
PART 3 OLD WOUNDS, NEW FIGHTS
Describe and analyse the visual
This political cartoon highlights the remaining inequalities since the end of apartheid. Indeed, despite Mandela’s dream of a reconciled and united nation, South Africa is still struggling and suffering from wealth inequalities ostracizing/excluding people according to their « race » or status.
translate
While Black South Africans have outnumbered Whites in the richest 10% of the population for about 7 years, the gap between South Africa’s richest and poorest hasn’t narrowed as the decline in racial inequality has been driven almost entirely by a surge in the top Black incomes rather than increased wealth for the poorest, according to World Inequality Lab data. outnumber -> chassé croisé attention aux répétitions
translate
Bien que les Sud-Africains noirs aient dépassé en nombre les Blancs dans les 10 % les plus riches de la population pendant environ 7 ans, l'écart entre les plus aisés et les plus modestes en Afrique du Sud ne s'est pas réduit, car le déclin de l'inégalité raciale a été principalement provoqué par une hausse des revenus des Noirs les plus fortunés plutôt que par une augmentation de la fortune des plus pauvres, selon les données du World Inequality Lab.
Watch the video about the born-free generation in Capetown and summarize.
recap
Students and pupils interrogated in Capetown belong to the born-free generation which means they were born after apartheid. Yet, they are all aware of their parents’ painful and shocking experience/background and recognize that because of it, to some extent apartheid is part of them. However, they value the democracy they now live in and appreciate the fact that they were born-free, they are proud of their country and its progress and they consider themselves as privileged.
Watch the video and be ready to recap
EVALUATION : ORAL COMPREHENSION
recap
In this report, we witness the youth of Soweto divided on the Rainbow Nation, Mandela’s legacy. At first, we learn that the Rainbow Nation has turned into a crime and drug nation, young people sound disillusioned by Mandela’s myth/dream far from reality since they still don’t have a job or prospect/chance to succeed in life. Yet, not everyone hast lost optimism. For some young people, Mandela is still a symbol of hope, peace and reconciliation. We can now hear a young student in political science, belonging to the well-educated elite, praising Mandela’s legacy. Born-free to mixed-race parents, this young girl has managed to succeed in life taking advantage of opportunities but she’s aware that not everyone has been able to benefit from that legacy
To conclude
Today everyone is free in South Africa but racial tensions still exist and opportunities are not the same for everyone. Today, one part of the youth still feels excluded and is sorely disappointed and resentful. For others, the country has evolved positively, but has not solved the racism and inequalities at the heart of society.
1. The students demonstrate because they want more black people to have access to university and participate in the economy / they want less debt / they want cheaper university fees / they want to fight against the exclusion of the entire black community from society 2. Find and comment on the noun that is not related to education : students / income / scholarship / tuition fees The word not related to education is “income”. (salary). The money that comes in in black families is often insufficient to pay for university fees. 3. Explain in your own words “This is their generation’s cause” In the same way as their parents’ cause was the abolition of apartheid, the born-free generation’s cause is the fight for access to education and equal opportunities for all.
- Read the article and explain what has changed about activism in South Africa - Read the post and identify the fight led through the hashtag
The Internet has changed activism in South Africa. In the days of Apartheid, there was an armed stuggle against that oppressive regime and activists often had to seek refuge in foreign countries. Today, activism is led by the young generation born after the abolition of Apartheid (1994) – the born-free generations, and it takes place on the web (in the vast territory of the Internet). Also historical icons have been replaced by anonymous activists who are often younger. This document is a tweet from the organisation Social South Africa. We see a young girl making a sign of protest. The caption says that natural hair is not a threat. The girl may be protesting to be allowed to wear her hair “afro style”
Watch the video and be ready to recap
Schools in South Africa have long had strict rules for students on their behaviour, their uniforms, and their hair. Last months, black students at the prestigious Pretoria girl high school for girls protested a clause that banned wide cornrows, braids and dreadlocks. The school, which was an all-white institution until the mid 1990s dropped the restrictions but the conversation about so-called acceptable black hairstyles continues. These students are challenging their teachers. They want this school to change its code of conduct. Black students are questioning why they are not allowed to wear theur hair naturally. For most of the protesters the debate goes beyond hairstyles. These girls have the support of former students who say they've had the same experiences. They say the rules in this previously whites-only school are racist. 3They also use the word "exotic" here when explaining what untidy and what unacceptable here started. Those words like exotic are problematic. saying that African bodies and their hair on African soil are exotic, that's not the definition of exotic. When they say they expect neat and tidy hair, what is your meaning of neat ? Some Swazi students eventually managed to meet with the Provincial Minister of Education. their memoradum is being treated as urgent
« The play beautifully and sensitively portrayed Mandela’s life and captured the essential elements of not only his life but of the times and the changes in society. I was so impressed with the actors - each and every one of them! Their diction was crystal clear. The videos are wonderful; they truly enhance the show. And the music is perfect! The haunting lullaby that Winnie sings to her baby is so beautiful »
« Our students really loved the play, they were very enthusiastic about it. They found it very touching, very good, quite easy to understand and really appreciated the fact that the actors were so available in the end. »
« Great show and amazing actors ! We all loved it, kids and teachers !! Thank you very much for this fantastic play and congratulations to all of you »
A few lines to confirm our delight to everyone during the show Mandela. It was really excellent in every way. All the other actors were of such high quality, with a radiant presence on stage. They articulated clearly enough and the choice of the stages of Mandela's life was quite judicious. The direction was sober and evocative, enhanced by the screen-based videos that transported us into the world of South Africa. The language level chosen was both rich and affordable.
« The music in INCREDIBLE ! I still sing it in my head several times a day »