SPICE-T

Themes

SPICE-t

Analyzing historical concepts through multiple lenses

summary

Students in AP World History must learn to view history thematically. The course is organized around six overarching themes that serve as unifying threads throughout the course, helping students to relate what is particular about each time period or society to a “big picture” of history. The themes also provide a way to organize comparisons and analyze change and continuity over time. Consequently, virtually all study of history in this class will be tied back to these themes by using a “SPICE-T” acronym.

Themes

Social Interactions & Organization

Cultural Developments & Interactions

Politics & Governance

Economic Systems

Interactions Between Humans & the Environment

Technology & Innovation

Social Interactions and Organization

The process by which societies group their members and the norms that govern the interactions between these groups and between individuals that influence political, economic, and cultural institutions and organization

Different from culture. Social is how we deal with each other. Culture is how we deal with our world.

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Politics & Governance

A variety of internal and external factors contribute to state formation, expansion, and decline. Governments maintain order through a variety of administrative institutions, policies, and procedures, and governments obtain, retain, and exercise power in different ways and for different purposes.

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Interactions Between Humans & the Environment

We are visual beings.

Narrative beings

Social beings.

How humans changed the environment: irrigation, farming, land development

The environment shapes human societies, and as populations grow and change, these populations in turn shape their environments.

How the environment changed humans: diets, lifespans, migrations, spread of disease

Cultural Developments & Interactions

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Spreading of beliefs, actions and knowledge between and within societies. The development of ideas, beliefs, and religions illustrates how groups in society view themselves, and the interactions of societies and their beliefs often have political, social, and cultural implications.

Different from social. Culture is how we deal with our world. Social is how we deal with each other.

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Economic Systems

+7.8billion

~17%

>6billion

live in a developed country

live in a "3rd world country"

people in the world

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This theme surveys the diverse patterns and systems that human societies have developed to produce, distribute, and consume desired goods and services across time and place.

- Economic Systems: Agricultural, pastoral, industrial - Labor Systems: forced labor, farmers, capitalism, socialism

- Major transitions in trade: from bartering to regional trade to long-distance trade to international trade

Technology & Innovation

Human adaptation and innovation have resulted in increased efficiency, comfort, and security, and technological advances have shaped human development and interactions with both intended and unintended consequences.re of your materials.

1. Tools
2. New ideas, innovations & inventions

Look back along the endless corridors of time and you will see that four things have built civilization: the spirit of religion, the spirit of creative art, the spirit of research and the spirit of business enterprise.

Neil Carothers

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Key Vocab

subsistence farming, cash crops, specialization of labor, artisans, merchants, coerced labor, chattel slavery, industrialization, mercantilism, export economies, capitalism, socialism, liberalism

Key Vocab: hierarchy, stratification, egalitarian, elites, aristocracy, middle class, merchant class, working class, patriarchy, matriarchy, filial piety, caste system, minority group, social mobility, meritocracy, Social Darwinism, feminism

- Forms of government: kingdoms, empires, dynasties, nation-states - Political organization & leadership - Structures to gain & maintain power - National identity - Rebellions & gov’t response - War/Conflict - Diplomacy/Treaties - Courts/Laws

Key Terms: city-state, divine right, kingdom, empire, nation, nation-state, agrarian, autocracy, theocracy, constitutional democracy, monarchy, colonialism, imperialism, communism, fascism, bureaucracy, bureaucrat, law code, legal code, Mandate of Heaven, diplomacy, caliphate, nationalisms

KEY VOCAB: nomad, pastoralist, agriculture, natural resources, demographics, domestication of animals, irrigation, metallurgy, deforestation, desertification, plague, diaspora, crop yield, migration, urbanization, epidemic, pandemic, Columbian Exchange, industrialization

Key Vocab

religion, philosophy, ideology, polytheistic, monotheistic, monumental architecture, reincarnation, ancestor veneration, monasticism, animism, syncretism, schism, ethnic enclaves, government propaganda, pop culture