WHAT IS A SCIENTIST?

What Is A Scientist?

And more importantly, how can I become one?

What Is Science?

Before we can know what a scientist is, we have to understand science. Science is systematic knowledge of the physical world gained through observation and experimentation.

Observation

Using our senses, we observe things happening in the world around us every day, like:

• a thunderstorm
• a bird flying to its nest
• two paint colors mixing to form a third
• shivering in the wintertime
• the sound a cricket makes

observations

They write them :

A scientist observes these things, too!

• in science journals

When scientists make their observations, they always write them down.

• on data sheets

• on experiment sheets

Scientists write their observations

What’s the difference between any person doing an experiment and a true scientist?

a) A scientist has a PhD.b) A scientist has the proper equipment. c) A scientist writes down observations. d) A scientist wears a lab coat.

Performing An Experiment

Before you can become a scientist, there are a few things you need to know about performing science:

1. Scientists work in groups or teams.
2. Scientists use experiments to try to answer questions.
3. Scientists follow steps in an experiment.
4. Experiments can be a lot of FUN, and scientists always use experiments to learn.

Is this an example of an experiment?

...It Might Not Be!

Although lab equipment is often used in scientific experiments, equipment alone does not indicate experimentation.

So how do we recognize an experiment?

Experimentation

An experiment does the following:

• Attempts to answer a question about the physical world
• Follows a procedure
• Tests an idea or hypothesis
• Uses models or controlled systems

Everyday Experiments

You perform experiments every day without even knowing it!

An experiment doesn't always use fancy lab equipment. Sometimes it’s as simple as testing a pen on a piece of paper to see if it will write.

So who is a scientist?

George Washington Carver

Francoise Barre-Sinoussi

James Watson

Margaret Mead

Nikola Tesla

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• Nikola Tesla is the author of more than 700 patents and innovations. Here are some of them:
• the Tesla coil — a transformer which produces high-voltage AC electricity,
• the first hydro-electric power plant at Niagara Falls,
• a fluorescent light bulb,
• a magnifying transmitter with which he could light bulbs half a mile away,
• a remote control,
• the first X-ray image (but the work ended up in fire),
• the radio (papers lost in a fire),
• the Tesla turbine, his favorite invention with 98% efficiency— intended for renewable sources of energy such as fluids, but still not commercially used,
• the induction motor — for vacuums and blow dryers,
• the radio-controlled boat that could sail without humans on it (he could steer it with radio signals).

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JAMES WATSON

American geneticist and biophysicist who played a crucial role in the discovery of the molecular structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the substance that is the basis of heredity.

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Anthropologist who observed and wrote about Samoan culture.

• Presidential Medal of Freedom
• Her work changed how human culture is studied