THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM: DIABETES MELLITUS
INTRODUCTION We will discuss the importance of each component of the endocrine system in this paper as we delve into their characteristics and functions.
OBJECTIVES Recognize the components, characteristics and functioning of the endocrine system
Endocrine system.
Set of glands and organs that make hormones and release them directly into the blood so that they reach tissues and organs throughout the body
These hormones control many important functions, such as growth and development, metabolism, and reproduction. The endocrine system includes the hypothalamus, pineal gland, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus, adrenal glands, and pancreas. It also includes the testicles in men, as well as the ovaries and placenta
Functioning of the endocrine system.
• Homeostasis: stimulates or inhibits the chemical processes that take place in cells, maintaining the chemical balance of the organism.
• Reproduction: stimulates the maturation of the ovules and the production of spermatozoa, both essential for human reproduction. In the case of women, it actively participates in preparing the uterus to start the
pregnancy, maintain it and induce labor, in addition to making breastfeeding possible.
Body development: controls and induces the development of the human being from the moment of conception, as well as the growth and development of the organism until reaching puberty and physical maturity.
Endocrine glands
Although the endocrine system is somewhat controlled and regulated by the nervous system, the endocrine glands play a fundamental role in the functioning of the body. They produce more than 20 different types of hormones that are secreted into the blood, waiting for the proteins that are designed to specifically capture each of them, to take charge of transporting them to the cells of the tissues and organs to which they should arrive. Once there, they transmit the precise orders to regulate cell activity.
• Hypothalamus: Located in the lower central part of the brain and forms the junction between the nervous and endocrine systems. From there, the functioning of the pituitary gland is controlled, stimulating or inhibiting the production of hormones by this gland.
• Pituitary gland: it is located at the base of the brain, immediately below the hypothalamus and is probably the most important gland, since the hormones it produces serve, among other things, to regulate the function of the other endocrine glands. It is made up of two lobes (anterior and posterior) that share the control and regulation of the rest of the glands. The pituitary gland produces the hormone
growth, prolactin, thyrotropin, corticotropin, oxytocin, endorphin, antidiuretic hormone, and hormones that stimulate the production of sex hormones.
• Pineal gland: located in the center of the brain and produces melatonin, the hormone that regulates sleep
• Thyroid gland: it is located in the front and bottom of the neck and secretes the so-called thyroid hormones: thyroxine and triiodothyronine, which are responsible for transforming food into energy and are involved in bone growth (through the production of calcitonin ) and brain and nervous system development.
• Parathyroid glands: there are four of them and they are located next to the thyroid gland. They release parathyroid hormones, which actively participate in the metabolism of calcium.
• Adrenal glands: There is one of these glands on top of each kidney. It produces corticosteroids, which regulate the balance between mineral salts and water, metabolism, the immune system, and sexual development and function. It also produces adrenaline or epinephrine, which regulates the stress response by inducing an increase in blood pressure and heart rate.
• Gonads: are responsible for producing sex hormones. In men it is the testicles, which produce androgens and specifically testosterone, and in women the ovaries, which secrete estrogen and progesterone.
MELLITUS DIABETES
It is a long-term (chronic) disease in which the body cannot regulate the amount of sugar in the blood.
Causes Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas to control blood sugar. Diabetes can be caused by too little insulin production, insulin resistance, or both.
To understand diabetes, it is important to first understand the normal process by which food is broken down and used by the body for energy. Several things happen when food is digested and absorbed
• A sugar called glucose enters the bloodstream. Glucose is a source of energy for the body. • An organ called the pancreas makes insulin. Insulin's role is to transport glucose from the bloodstream to muscle, fat, and other cells, where it can be stored or used as an energy source.
People with diabetes have high blood sugar levels because their bodies cannot move sugar from the blood into muscle and fat cells to burn or store as energy, and/or the liver makes too much glucose and secretes it. in the blood. This is because:
• The pancreas does not produce enough insulin • Cells do not respond normally to insulin • Both of the above reasons
• Type 1 Diabetes is less common. It can occur at any age, but is most often diagnosed in children, adolescents, or young adults. In this disease, the body produces little or no insulin. This is because the cells in the pancreas that make insulin stop working. Daily insulin injections are needed. The exact cause of the inability to produce enough insulin is unknown.
• Type 2 Diabetes is more common. It almost always presents in adulthood. but due to high rates of obesity, children and adolescents are now being diagnosed with this disease. Some people with type 2 diabetes do not know they have the disease. With type 2 diabetes, the body is resistant to insulin and doesn't use it as effectively as it should. Not all people with type 2 diabetes are overweight or obese.
CONCLUSION With the information provided and your examples, we were able to collect data on the cardiovascular and endocrine systems, exploring their various phases, causes, symptoms, risks, and characteristics. We also come to understand how each system works.
Bibliography https://www.naradigital.es/blog/detalle-noticias/2328/cual-es-la-funcion-del-sistema-endocrino
SYSTEMA ENDOCRINO
url images
https://tvaztecaguate.com/salud-y-bienestar/2022/04/21/cual-es-la-funcion-del-sistema-endocrino-en-nuestro-cuerpo/
https://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/suplementos/escolar/2019/08/13/sistema-endocrino-humano/
https://psicologiaymente.com/neurociencias/hipotalamo
https://www.topdoctors.mx/articulos-medicos/las-claves-de-la-diabetes
https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/000305.htm
https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/000305.htm
https://dtc.ucsf.edu/es/tipos-de-diabetes/diabetes-tipo-2/comprension-de-la-diabetes-tipo-2/que-es-la-diabetes-tipo-2/
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PRESENTACIÓN THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
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Transcript
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM: DIABETES MELLITUS
INTRODUCTION We will discuss the importance of each component of the endocrine system in this paper as we delve into their characteristics and functions.
OBJECTIVES Recognize the components, characteristics and functioning of the endocrine system
Endocrine system.
Set of glands and organs that make hormones and release them directly into the blood so that they reach tissues and organs throughout the body
These hormones control many important functions, such as growth and development, metabolism, and reproduction. The endocrine system includes the hypothalamus, pineal gland, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus, adrenal glands, and pancreas. It also includes the testicles in men, as well as the ovaries and placenta
Functioning of the endocrine system.
• Homeostasis: stimulates or inhibits the chemical processes that take place in cells, maintaining the chemical balance of the organism.
• Reproduction: stimulates the maturation of the ovules and the production of spermatozoa, both essential for human reproduction. In the case of women, it actively participates in preparing the uterus to start the pregnancy, maintain it and induce labor, in addition to making breastfeeding possible.
Body development: controls and induces the development of the human being from the moment of conception, as well as the growth and development of the organism until reaching puberty and physical maturity.
Endocrine glands
Although the endocrine system is somewhat controlled and regulated by the nervous system, the endocrine glands play a fundamental role in the functioning of the body. They produce more than 20 different types of hormones that are secreted into the blood, waiting for the proteins that are designed to specifically capture each of them, to take charge of transporting them to the cells of the tissues and organs to which they should arrive. Once there, they transmit the precise orders to regulate cell activity.
• Hypothalamus: Located in the lower central part of the brain and forms the junction between the nervous and endocrine systems. From there, the functioning of the pituitary gland is controlled, stimulating or inhibiting the production of hormones by this gland.
• Pituitary gland: it is located at the base of the brain, immediately below the hypothalamus and is probably the most important gland, since the hormones it produces serve, among other things, to regulate the function of the other endocrine glands. It is made up of two lobes (anterior and posterior) that share the control and regulation of the rest of the glands. The pituitary gland produces the hormone growth, prolactin, thyrotropin, corticotropin, oxytocin, endorphin, antidiuretic hormone, and hormones that stimulate the production of sex hormones.
• Pineal gland: located in the center of the brain and produces melatonin, the hormone that regulates sleep
• Thyroid gland: it is located in the front and bottom of the neck and secretes the so-called thyroid hormones: thyroxine and triiodothyronine, which are responsible for transforming food into energy and are involved in bone growth (through the production of calcitonin ) and brain and nervous system development.
• Parathyroid glands: there are four of them and they are located next to the thyroid gland. They release parathyroid hormones, which actively participate in the metabolism of calcium.
• Adrenal glands: There is one of these glands on top of each kidney. It produces corticosteroids, which regulate the balance between mineral salts and water, metabolism, the immune system, and sexual development and function. It also produces adrenaline or epinephrine, which regulates the stress response by inducing an increase in blood pressure and heart rate.
• Gonads: are responsible for producing sex hormones. In men it is the testicles, which produce androgens and specifically testosterone, and in women the ovaries, which secrete estrogen and progesterone.
MELLITUS DIABETES
It is a long-term (chronic) disease in which the body cannot regulate the amount of sugar in the blood.
Causes Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas to control blood sugar. Diabetes can be caused by too little insulin production, insulin resistance, or both.
To understand diabetes, it is important to first understand the normal process by which food is broken down and used by the body for energy. Several things happen when food is digested and absorbed
• A sugar called glucose enters the bloodstream. Glucose is a source of energy for the body. • An organ called the pancreas makes insulin. Insulin's role is to transport glucose from the bloodstream to muscle, fat, and other cells, where it can be stored or used as an energy source.
People with diabetes have high blood sugar levels because their bodies cannot move sugar from the blood into muscle and fat cells to burn or store as energy, and/or the liver makes too much glucose and secretes it. in the blood. This is because:
• The pancreas does not produce enough insulin • Cells do not respond normally to insulin • Both of the above reasons
• Type 1 Diabetes is less common. It can occur at any age, but is most often diagnosed in children, adolescents, or young adults. In this disease, the body produces little or no insulin. This is because the cells in the pancreas that make insulin stop working. Daily insulin injections are needed. The exact cause of the inability to produce enough insulin is unknown.
• Type 2 Diabetes is more common. It almost always presents in adulthood. but due to high rates of obesity, children and adolescents are now being diagnosed with this disease. Some people with type 2 diabetes do not know they have the disease. With type 2 diabetes, the body is resistant to insulin and doesn't use it as effectively as it should. Not all people with type 2 diabetes are overweight or obese.
CONCLUSION With the information provided and your examples, we were able to collect data on the cardiovascular and endocrine systems, exploring their various phases, causes, symptoms, risks, and characteristics. We also come to understand how each system works.
Bibliography https://www.naradigital.es/blog/detalle-noticias/2328/cual-es-la-funcion-del-sistema-endocrino SYSTEMA ENDOCRINO
url images
https://tvaztecaguate.com/salud-y-bienestar/2022/04/21/cual-es-la-funcion-del-sistema-endocrino-en-nuestro-cuerpo/
https://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/suplementos/escolar/2019/08/13/sistema-endocrino-humano/
https://psicologiaymente.com/neurociencias/hipotalamo
https://www.topdoctors.mx/articulos-medicos/las-claves-de-la-diabetes
https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/000305.htm
https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/000305.htm
https://dtc.ucsf.edu/es/tipos-de-diabetes/diabetes-tipo-2/comprension-de-la-diabetes-tipo-2/que-es-la-diabetes-tipo-2/
GRACIAS