B&W - PAU TEXT TYPES

PAU WRITING: OPINION ESSAY

Adapted from https://aprendoencasarm.com/bachillerato/bachillerato-2o/ingles-ii/

Nowadays, ... // It is argued that... // I totally agree / disagree / could not agree more with the fact that... // I strongly believe ... // Personally, I feel that...

- Establish the topic- Grab the reader's attention - State your opinion

INTRODUCTION

SUPPORTING PARAGRAPH 1

- Reason 1 to support your opinion and develop it- Give examples, relevant facts or details.

Firstly, ... // Secondly, ... // In the first place, ... // It is widely known that ... // It is a fact that ... // It is clear/true that ... // Research has shown that ... // As a matter of fact, ... // For instance // To give an example, ... // Probably the most obvious example is ... // Furthermore / What is more / In addition to this, ...

SUPPORTING PARAGRAPH 2

- Reason 2 to support your opinion and develop it- Give examples, relevant facts or details.

- Restate your opinion (deeper, other words) and briefly summarize reasons.- Include a call to action.

To sum up, ... // To conclude,... // In conlusion, ... // I believe... // in my opinion, ... // In my view, ... // I am convinced that ...

CONCLUSION

- Change your view- Give arguments on both sides of the topic - Use short forms

- STICK to your opinion- STICK to the topic - Use a formal style, without short forms

DON'TS

DO'S

PAU WRITING: ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY

Adapted from https://aprendoencasarm.com/bachillerato/bachillerato-2o/ingles-ii/

- Establish the topic (and say it is controversial).- Grab the reader's attention (rethorical question, for example)

Nowadays, ... // It is argued that... // The topic of ... has become quite controversial,

INTRODUCTION

PARAGRAPH FOR / AGAINST

On the one hand, ... // Some people are in favour of / convinced that / against ... // Some people feel that ... //

- Arguments on one side and develop them.- Give examples, relevant facts or details.

On the other hand, ... // Opponents of this view ... // Many people are against ... // Some people feel that ... //

PARAGRAPH AGAINST / FOR

- Arguments on the other side and develop them.- Give examples, relevant facts or details.

Taking everything into account,... // All things considered, ... // I am convinced that ... // In my view... // Personally, I feel that ... // I strongly believe that...

- Restate the issue (deeper, other words) - - Give and justify YOUR OPINION. - Don't include new ideas.

CONCLUSION

(linked to previous paragraph)

- Write about something different from the topic.- Include your opinion in the introduction. - Use short forms

- Present arguments both FOR and AGAINST- Give and justify your opnion in THE CONCLUSION - Use a formal style, without short forms

DON'TS

DO'S

PAU WRITING: DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPH/ESSAY

Adapted from https://aprendoencasarm.com/bachillerato/bachillerato-2o/ingles-ii/

- Establish the target of the description (person, object, place).- Say why it is special o why you have chosen it.

INTRODUCTION

My most valuable possession is... // The place where I feel ... // My _____ is the most important person in my life...

(1st paragraph or topic sentence)

SUPPORTING PARAGRAPH / SENTENCES 1

- Person: physical appearance, personality- Place: physical details, attractions, landscape... - Object: physical description, parts, ...

My teacher's voice was soft and she never shouted. She was slim, like a model, and she wore long skirts and pretty blouses. //Other stars can be seen covering the ceiling during the day, like a starry sky.

SUPPORTING PARAGRAPH / SENTENCES 2

My teacher was an extremely kind person and everyone loved her. // the sounds that are born from it remind me of the spring, with its bright colors and lively notes.

- Person: interests, lifestyle- Place: atmosphere - Object: how it works, utility

- Restate your description.- Make it personal and say why it is worthy. - Even finish with a recommendation. - Leave final image of what you are describing.

CLOSING

Even if I have a new one some day, my guitar will always be part of me. // ... when I am there I feel like I am in another world.

(4th paragraph or closing sentence)

- Start saying "I'm going to describe my mother..."- Finish resaying why the object/person/place is special. - Use short forms

- Use sensory details.- Use adjectives and adverbs. - Use comparatives and metaphors.

DON'TS

DO'S

PAU WRITING: INFORMAL EMAIL

Adapted from https://aprendoencasarm.com/bachillerato/bachillerato-2o/ingles-ii/

Format of recipient and sender: myemail@whatever.com Subject: refer to the task of the email, for example: "Visit next weekend"

To: (recipient)From: (sender) Subject: (short sentence - 3-7 words)

INTRODUCTION

Hi Tom! // Hello my friend! // Hi Tom, (use the comma after the name)It's great to hear from you // Thanks a lot for writing // It was good to receive your email after so long // How is it going? // How are things going?

- Greet the other person in an informal way.- React to the previous email as stated in the task and ask them how they are feeling.

GREETING and FIRST PARAGRAPH

- No fixed expressions here.- Refer to the task in the exam and fulfill what you are told to do.

MAIN PARAGRAPH

- Start saying goodbye.- Ask for a response to your email.

It's time to say goodbye... // I hope you write back soon..

CLOSING

- Use a short expression to say goodbye.- Sign-off the letter (fake name)

Best wishes // All my love // Take careYour best friend // (name without surname)

GOODBYE & SIGNATURE

- Use formal language : I am looking forward to hearing from you.- Include information which is not required in the task.

- Use short forms: aren't- Use exclamations: Good luck! - Slang words are allowed: guys

DON'TS

DO'S

PAU WRITING: FORMAL EMAIL

Adapted from https://aprendoencasarm.com/bachillerato/bachillerato-2o/ingles-ii/

Format of recipient and sender: myemail@whatever.com Subject: refer to the task of the email, for example: "Visit next weekend"

To: (recipient)From: (sender) Subject: (short sentence - 3-7 words)

INTRODUCTION

Dear Wataru Suzuki, // Dear Hiring Manager, // Dear Sir/Madam,. -I have seen your advertisement in last week’s edition // I recently came across your advertisement for…

- Greet the other person in a formal way.- Say the reason why you are writing and refer to the task.

GREETING and FIRST PARAGRAPH

Give further details - Refer to the task in the exam and fulfill what you are told to do.

MAIN PARAGRAPH

Please let me know if you need any further information. I am looking forward to your reply.

A final line or two indicating that you expect action to be taken in relation to your complaint; or thanking the employer for considering you for the position.

CLOSING

- A closing formula in the corresponding tone- Sign-off the letter: name + surname (fake name)

GOODBYE & SIGNATURE

Yours faithfully / sincerely

- Use informal language.- Include information which is not required in the task.

- Use long forms: are not- Use a formal tone - Keep the layout neat

DON'TS

DO'S

PAU WRITING: FORMAL EMAIL - APPLICATION

Adapted from https://aprendoencasarm.com/bachillerato/bachillerato-2o/ingles-ii/

To: (recipient)From: (sender) Subject: (includes the term "application" and describes position applied for)

Format of recipient and sender: myemail@whatever.com Subject: Application for teacher position

INTRODUCTION

Dear Wataru Suzuki, // Dear Hiring Manager, // Dear Sir/Madam,. -I have seen your advertisement in last week’s edition // I recently came across your advertisement for…

- Greet the other person in a formal way.- Say the reason why you are writing and refer to the task.

GREETING and FIRST PARAGRAPH

1. A section inditating that you are applying for a position or admission and where you have found out about it and that you understand that the job/course involves that your expectations are realistic. 2. a section briefly explaining your qualifications and experience or your academic backgrouond

MAIN PARAGRAPH

Please let me know if you need any further information. I am looking forward to your reply.

A final line or two indicating that you expect action to be taken in relation to your complaint; or thanking the employer for considering you for the position.

CLOSING

- A closing formula in the corresponding tone- Sign-off the letter: name + surname (fake name)

GOODBYE & SIGNATURE

Yours faithfully / sincerely

- Use informal language.- Include information which is not required in the task.

- Use long forms: are not- Use a formal tone - Keep the layout neat

DON'TS

DO'S