seminar ASD

The Role of Physiotherapy for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Mona Oktarina, S.Ft., Ftr., M.Biomed.

Intermezzo

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Outline

What we will learn today ?

1.

Pendahuluan Autisme

2.

Pentingnya Aktivitas Fisik

3.

Jenis dan Dosis Aktivitas Fisik

4.

Penerapan Aktivitas Fisik

5.

Studi Kasus

Just Fun, enjoy it!

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ASD

INTRODUCTION

History

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• Psychiatrist swiss Eugene Bleuler (1908) "Schizophrenia"
• Kanner (1943) coined the term “early infantile autism” to describe young children with autistic symptoms
• Asperger (1944) defined a milder form of autism ► Asperger’s disorder
• Autism is a biologically-based lifelong neurodevelopmental disability present in the first few years of life
• DSM I --> DSM V

What is Autisme ?

A complex neurodevelopmental disorder that is present from early on in life, characterized by abnormalities in social behavior, language and communication skills, and unusual behaviors and interests. 3 key features in common: - Impaired socialisation - Impaired communication - Repetitive patterns

(Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011; Petrus, Adamson, Block, Einarson, Sharifield & Harris, 2008)

• Impairments in social interaction
• Impairments in communication
• Restricted repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests, and activities

What is Autisme ?

ASD is “spectrum disorders” :

• affects each child differently
• severity of the symptoms can range from mild to severe
• children with ASD’s development is often uneven with areas of strengths and weakness

(Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011; Petrus, Adamson, Block, Einarson, Sharifield & Harris, 2008)

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Causes of ASD

Causes of Autisme ?

• Epigenetic – disorder has a strong genetic link.
• Abnormalities of chromosome 5 have now been linked to an increased risk for autism
• Has been linked to the mercury preservative in the measles-mumps & rubella vaccination may be contributing factor.
• Environmental factors e.g. endocrine disrupting chemicals found in plastic items
• Nutrigenomic

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ASD

The Role of Physiotherapy

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Focused on Physiotherapy

MUSCLE WEAKNESS AFFECTING POSTURAL CONTROL AND SATBILITY

POSTURAL TONE

TIGHT SOFT TISSUE STRUCTURE ANDA JOINT STIFFNESS

DEVELOP THE ABILITY TO DO TYPICAL CHILD ACTIVITIES

IMPROVE BALANCE ANDA COORDINATION

DEVELOP MOTOR PLANNING SKILLS

USE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY TO IMPROVE BEHAIVOUR

ENCOURAGE AN ACTIVE LIFESTYLE

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Skills Focused on during PT

Locomotor

Postural

Fine and gross motor

Joint action

Balance and coordination

Objective exploration

Autism Spectrum Disorder benefit from early physical therapy interventions.,2015

Conclusions

Physiotherapy is indicated for children with ASD who have definite motor delays/deficits and low muscle tone.

Screening is essential in order to identify problems

More research is needed regarding the value of physiotherapy intervention in this specific population

Physical activity and play should be encouraged for all young children with ASD and their

References

Adams, JB; Edelson, SM; Grandin, T & Rimland, B. 2004. Advice for parents of young autistic children. Working paper. forgotten physical impact of autism. Available online at; http://autismandoughtisms.wordpress.com http://autismandoughtisms.wordpress.com Baranek, GT. 2008. Efficacy of sensory and motor interventions for children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental disorders. Vol. 32 (5)October 2003 pp 397-422 Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. USA. 2011. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Available online at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/index.html Downing, PG. 2010. Physical therapy can benefit some children with autism. 18 July 2010, Brownsville Herald Ewell, V. 2011. Physical therapy for Autistic Children. Healthmango. available online at: http://www.healthmango.com/autism/physical- therapy-for-autistic-children/http://www.healthmango.com/autism/physical- therapy-for-autistic-children/ Hawthorne, D. 2011. Autism and exercise. Autism today. Available online at http://www.autismtoday.com/articles/autism_excercise.htm Brimacombe, M & Wagner, GC. 2006. Prevalence of motor impairment in autism. Brain and Development, Vol.29, Issue 9, October 2007 pp 565-570 O’ Connor, J; French, J & Henderson, H. 2000. Use of physical activity to improve behaviour in autism. Palaestra. Summer 200o Vol. 16 nr. 3

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questions?

Thank you Question ?

monaoktarina@upnvj.ac.id monapedi_ft