English-Escape room 3ºESO

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Welcome!

I hope that your trip to the North Pole has not been too tiring because your mission has not finished yet. As you already know, climate change is endangering parts of the planet like ours. We hope that science will help us improve our situation. We know that inside this igloo there is a laboratory where we can experiment, but to get there we need to learn a little bit more.

ENTER

LABORATORY

Shortcut to challenge 3

Shortcut to challenge 4

Shortcut to challenge 5

First challenge

To pass this test you must remember some basic ideas: you will have to differ between physical changes and chemical changes that happen around us. Drag the different phenomena to the corresponding box. When you have finished, click on "validate". Only when everything is correct you will be able to continue on your way. Good luck!

Physical and chemical changes

Physical changes

Chemical changes

Pushing a table

Deform a rubber

Water evaporation

Photosynthesis of a plant

Burning some coal

Breaking a glass bottle

Solving sugar in coffee

Oxidation of a metal

Frying an egg

Some ice melting

LABORATORY

Second challenge

Now you have just remembered that in a chemical change some substances are transformed into others with a different nature, but how is it possible? What are the requirements for this to happen? Watch the following video carefully and solve the quiz to move to the next level. Do not forget to write down your answers, you will need them to leave the room.

If your answers are 1. a; 2. a and b; 3. c the key will be:1a2ab3c

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Apart from knowing what are the requirements for a reaction to take place, you will need to know first-hand those substances that appear as reactants and as products. Performing the following exercise correctly will be a fundamental step to be an expert in chemical reactions. Pay attention to subscripts and parentheses!

Third challenge

Choose in each drop-down the number of atoms of each element in the given compounds.

In the NaCl compound there is/are atoms of sodium and atoms of chlorine.

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

In the FeCO3 compound there is/are atoms of iron , atoms of carbon and atoms of oxygen.

• 3
• 2
• 1
• 4

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

In the Al2(SO4)3 compound there is/are atoms of alluminium, atoms of sulfur and atoms of oxygen.

• 3
• 6
• 12
• 4
• 7

• 12
• 6
• 3
• 4
• 7

• 2
• 1
• 3
• 4
• 6

In the Ni(ClO4)2 compound there is/are atoms of nickel, atoms of chlorine and atoms of oxygen.

• 2
• 4
• 6
• 8
• 1

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 8

• 8
• 6
• 2
• 4

VALIDATE

XX

Correct answers

XX

Incorrect answers

AbeeZee

Abel

Hauteur

Abhaya Libre

Largeur

AbeeZee

Aclonica

Taille bordure

AbeeZee

Aperçu boîte personnalisée

Actor

Opacité fond

Style bordure

Couleur bordure

Se mettre en mode prévisualisation pour changer les paramètres

Couleur fond

Couleur police

Taille police

Nom police

Petit rappel, il faudra que la police soit présente sur la page ou vous mettrez vos boîtes pour qu'elle soit prise en compte

Texte à copier puis entrer dans "insérer , </> Autres" sous genially pour obtenir des boîtes compatibles avec l'extension présentant votre aspect personnalisé

• proposition1(juste)
• proposition2
• proposition3
• etc....

XX

XX

LABORATORY

Fourth challenge

Brilliant! You have already unlocked three doors. That means that you not only know what a chemical change is, but also how the reactants have to collide to form the products and the number of atoms of each element in a substance. To unlock the fourth door, you need to find out how many reactants and products are present in a reaction. The key idea is to bear in mind that there must be the same number of atoms in the reactants and in the products of each type of element. With this clue, I wish you good luck in the next challenge.

Next task

Reactants

Products

SO2

O2

SO3

check

Reactants

Products

N2

H2

NH3

check

Reactants

Products

CH4

O2

CO2

H2O

check

Congratulations! In case you didn't know, you just learned how to set up a chemical reaction. The numbers that you have added in front of each species are called stoichiometric coefficients. But what exactly do they mean? For example, in the first case you have studied, you have completed: This can be understood as: 2 molecules of SO2 react with a molecule of O2 to obtain 2 molecules of SO3. However, when we work in the laboratory it is not very practical to work considering molecules. You'll have to go into the class to find out why before you go on your way.

2 SO2 + O2 -> 2 SO3

LABORATORY

Next lesson

In this lesson you are going to study why we do not work with the number of molecules when it comes to chemical reactions. To explain it we will use SO2 as an example, the first of the reagents of your previous challenge.

The mass of a sulfur atom (S) is 5,32·10-23 grams.

The mass of an oxygen atom (O) is 2,66·10-23 grams.

According to this data, if we calculate the mass of a SO2 molecule:

mass SO2 = mass S + (mass O) x2 = 1,06·10-22 g = 0,000000000000000000000106 g

Quantities of this order of magnitude are impractical to measure and handle in a laboratory.

To solve this problem, it is necessary that you remember one of the fundamental magnitudes that you have studied beafore but, until now, you have not used:

THE MOLE

The mole measures the amount of matter that groups 6,022·1023 units. Let's try to understand it with simpler examples:

6,022·1023

A dozen

One pair

One mole

In the case of the dozen eggs we have seen, it is easy to see that a dozen quail eggs do not have the same mass as a dozen chicken eggs or a dozen ostrich eggs. But, nevertheless, they are in all cases "a dozen".

Something similar happens with the mole. A mole will always contain 6.022 1023 units, but depending on what those units are, its mass will vary. Look at the table:

For the study of reactions we are going to use the molar mass instead of the mass in grams of a substance to do the calculations.

The molar mass of a substance is the sum of the masses of the different elements that make it up, measured in atomic mass units (u). This can be found on the periodic table.For example, to calculate the mass of HNO2 we will need:- Mass H = 1 u; mass N = 14 u; mass O = 16 u.Then: Mm(HNO2) = 1 + 14 + 16 x 2 =47 u

LABORATORY

Fifth challenge

Now that you know the importance of the mole and the need to work with molar masses, the time has come for you to try to calculate them yourself. In the next challenge you will have to relate different substances with their masses. To do this you will need to use the periodic table and a calculator. Go for it!

Match the substances in the left column with their corresponding molar mass on the right.

HClO4

68 u

227 u

NaNO3

KOH

144 u

(NH4)2S

100.5 u

PtO2

56 u

HIO

85 u

Check!

ValidAte

Try again

Eliminate the last line

LABORATORY

Sixth challenge

Now that we know what moles are and how to calculate the molar mass of different substances, we will have to know how to relate these two concepts. As we told you about a few challenges back, it is not practical to measure the mass of molecules to work in the laboratory, but we do not have either way to measure moles directly with a laboratory instrument. Therefore, you will have to use the following expression to relate the mass in grams, which we can easily measure, with the moles that we are going to consider when studying a reaction.

mass (g) = moles · molar mass

Complete the following chart:

In the second column you must enter the molar mass of the compound without decimal numbers, rounding if necessary. To do this, look for the different atomic masses in the periodic table. To fill in the gaps in the third and fourth columns you must remember the formula:

mass (g) = moles · molar mass

VALIDAR

LABORATORY

We are already very close to reaching the laboratory. For this reason it is necessary that we review everything we have learned up to now. Solve the following quiz correctly and you will be at the entrance to the laboratory. I trust your memory!

Seventh challenge

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