MIS NETWORK

Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

Group 7

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TABLE of CONTENTs

the Internet and Internet technology

Components of networks and Key networking technology

The Internet

Net Working and Communication Trends

Internet Addressing and Architecture

Computer Network

Internet Services and Communication Tools

Key Digital Networking Technologies

technologies and standards for wireless networking

Different types of networks

Cellular Systems

Types of Networks

Signals: Digital Versus Analog

Wireless Computer Networks and Internet Access

RFID and Wireless Sensor Networks

Components of networks and Key networking technology

netwotking and communication trends

broadnband wireless

convergence

broadband

the majority of U.S. households have high-speed broadband connections

Telephone networks and computer networks converging into single digital network using Internet standards

Voice, data communication are increasingly taking place over broadband wireless platforms

Components of networks and Key networking technology

computer network

a network consists of two or more connected computers

Major components:

• Clients and sever computer
• Connection medium
• Network operating system (NOS)
• Hubs, switches, routers

Router

Hub

Switch

Components of networks and Key networking technology

networks in large companies

- Small local area networks (LANs) linked to other local area networks and to firmwide corporate networks. - Various powerful servers:

• Website
• Corporate intranet, extranet
• Back-end systems

- Mobile wireless LANs (Wi-fi) - Videoconferencing system - Telephone network - Wireless cell phones

Components of networks and Key networking technology

key digital networking technilogies

Client/Server Computing

• Distributed computing model
• Clients linked through network controlled by network server computer
• Server set rules of communication for network and provides every client with an address so others can find it on the network
• Has largely replaced centralized main frame computing
• The Internet: largest implelentation of client/server computing

Components of networks and Key networking technology

key digital networking technilogies

Packet switching

• Slicing digital messages into parcels (packets), sending packets along different communication paths, and then reassembling packets at destination
• Previous circuit-swithched networks required assembly of complete point-to-point circuit
• Packet switching is more efficient

Components of networks and Key networking technology

key digital networking technilogies

TCP/IP and connectivity

• Protocols: rules that govern transmission of information between two points
• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP): Common worldwide standard that is basis for Internet
• Department of Defense reference model for TCP/IP:
• Four layers: Application, Transport, Internet, Network interface

Different types of networks

Signals:Digital vs Analog

- Modem: Translates digital signals into analog from, and vice versa

Different types of networks

types of networks

- Local-area networks (LANs)

• Ethernet
• Client/Server

- Wide-area networks (WANs) - Metropolitan-area networks (MANs) - Campus area networks (CANs)

Different types of networks

Physical Transmission media and Transmission speed

Physical Transmission media

- Twisted pair wire (CAT5)- Coaxial cable- Fiber optics cable - Wireless Transmission media and devices

• Satellites
• Cellular systems

Transmission Speed

- Bits per second (bps)- Hertz - Bandwidth

the Internet and Internet technology

the internet

- World's most extensive network - Internet service providers (ISPs)

• Provide connections
• Types of Internet connections
• Dial-up: 56.6 Kbps
• Digital Subciber line (DSL/FIOS): 385 Kbps - 100Mbps
• Cable Internet conections:

20 -100 Mbs

• Satellite
• T1 (1.54Mbps) and T3 (45Mbps)

the Internet and Internet technology

Internet Addressing and Architecture

- IP addresses

The Domain Name System (DNS)

- Converts IP addresses to domain names - Hierarchical structure - Top-level domains

the Internet and Internet technology

Internet Architecture and Governance

- Network service providers

• Own trunk lines

- Regional telephone and cable TV companies

• Provide regional local access

- Professional organizations and government bodies establish Internet standards

• IAB
• ICANN
• W3C

the Internet and Internet technology

The Future Internet: IPv6 and Internet 2

- IPv6

• New addressing scheme for IP number
• Provide more than a quadrillion new addresses
• not compatible with curretn IPv5 addressing

- Internet 2

• Advanced networking consortium
• Universities, business, government agencies, other institutions
• Developed high-capacity 100 Gbps testing network
• Tesleading-edge new technologies for Internet

the Internet and Internet technology

internet services and communication tools

Internet services

- Email- Chatting and instant messaging - Electronic discussion groups/ newsgroup - File Transfer Protocol (FTP) - World Wide Web

the Internet and Internet technology

internet services and communication tools

CLIENT/SERVER COMPUTING ON THE INTERNET

the Internet and Internet technology

internet services and communication tools

Voice over IP (VoIP)

Digital voice communication using IP, packet switching

Providers:

• Cable providers
• Google, Skype, Neetmeting

the Internet and Internet technology

internet services and communication tools

Unified communication

• Communications systems that integrate voice, data, email, conferencing

• Sercure, encrypted, private network run over Internet
• PPTP
• Tunneling

Virtual Private Networks (VPN)

the Internet and Internet technology

the web

- Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) - Hypertex Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

• Communications standard used for transferring Web pages

- Uniform resource locators (URLs)

• Addresses of Web pages

- Web severs

• software for locating and managing Web pages

http://www.megacorp.com/content/feartures/082610.html

the Internet and Internet technology

the web

- Search engines

• Started as simple programs using keyword indexes
• Google improved indexing and create page raking system

- Search engine marketing

• Major source of Internent advertingsing revenue

- Search engiene optimization (SEO)

• Adjusting Website and traffic to improve raning ins search engine results

the Internet and Internet technology

the web

How Google works

the Internet and Internet technology

the web

web 2.0

- Second-generation services - Enabling collaboration, sharing information and creating new services online - Features

• Interactivity
• Real-time user control
• Social participation (sharing)
• User-generated content

the Internet and Internet technology

the web

web 2.0 services and tools

- Blogs: chronological, informal Websites created by individuals - Wikis: collaborative websites where visitors can add, delete, or modify content on the site - Social networking sites: enable users to build communitites of friends and share information

• RRS (Really Simple Syndication): syndicates web content so aggregator software can pull content for use in another setting or viewing later
• Blogosphere
• Microblogging

technologies and standards for wireless networking

cellular systems

- Competing standards

• CDMA: United States only
• GSML Rest of the world

- Third-generation (3G) Networks

• 144 Kbps
• Suitable for e-mail access,Web browsing

- Fourth-generation (4G) networks

• up to 100 Mbps
• Suitable for Internet video

- Fifth-generation (5G) networks

• gigabit range
• self-driving vehicles, smart cities, IoT

technologies and standards for wireless networking

Wireless Computer Networks and Internet Access

Bluetooth (802.15)

• Links up to eight devices within a 10-meter area using low-power, radio-based communication
• Useful for personal networking (PANs)

• Set of standards: 802.11
• Used for wireless LAN and wireless Internet access
• Use access points: device with radio receiver/transmitter for connecting wireless devices to a wired LAN

Wi-Fi (802.11)

technologies and standards for wireless networking

Wireless Computer Networks and Internet Access

Wi-Fi

• Hotspots: one or more access points in public place to provide maximum wireless coverage for a specific area
• Weak security features

WiMax (802.16)

• Wireless access range of 31 miles
• Require WiMax antennas

technologies and standards for wireless networking

RFID and Wireless Sensor Networks

• Tiny tags with embedded microchips contain data about an item and location
• transmit radiosignal over shore distances to RFID readers

RFID tags:

RFID readers

• send data over netwok to computer for processing

technologies and standards for wireless networking

RFID and Wireless Sensor Networks

• Tags have batteries
• Data can be rewritten

• Range is hundreds of feet

Active RFID

Passive RFID

• Range is shorter
• Smaller, less expensive
• Powered by radio frequency energy

technologies and standards for wireless networking

RFID and Wireless Sensor Networks

• Automated toll-collection
• Tracking goods in a supply chain

Common Uses

- Requies companies to have special hardware and software - Reduction in cost of tags making RFID viable for many firms

technologies and standards for wireless networking

RFID and Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs)

• Networks of hundreds or thousands of interconnected wireless devices embedded into physical environment to provide measurements of many points over large spaces
• Used to monitor building security, detect hazardous substances in air, monitor environmental changes, traffic, or military activity
• Devices have built-in processing, storage, and radio frequency sensors and antennas
• Require low-power, long-lasting batteries and ability to endure in the field without maintenance
• Major sources of "Big Data" and fueling "Internet of Things"

Thank you!

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