volcanoes

VOLCANOES

María Ramos Sánchez 3ºC

VOLCANIC PRODUCTS

Definition of Volcano

A volcano is a place located on the earth's surface in which the expulsion of magmatic material, totally or partially molten, occurs.

Subtítulo

Fall of pyroclastic and ash. The impacts of the pyrocasts launched during an explosive eruption and the fall of ash can cover large areas and cause the collapse of buildings due to the weight of the accumulated ash. Lahars. They are avalanches of gray mud produced by the mixture of the ashes with the water accumulated in the crater, or with the water originated by the thawing of the ice that sometimes covers the tops of the volcanoes. They descend at great speed, destroying everything in their path. Burning clouds. They are masses of incandescent gases and ashes, which can reach 800 °C and reach speeds of 200 km/h. They are very destructive and heat everything in their path. Lava flows. If the lava is very fluid it can flow from the crater and move at high speed down the slope, burning everything in its path.

PREDICTIVE MEASURES. The rise of magma through the chimney of a volcano produces a series of effects that can help us predict the next eruption of the volcano. These effects are: activation of gas emissions or fumaroles, noise caused by the movement of the magma inside the volcano, elevation of the terrain produced by the pressure of the magma, microseisms caused by the force of the magma that cracks the interior of the volcano, etc.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES. Given the danger of a volcanic eruption, the safest measure is the rapid evacuation of the population. This action requires the intervention of the army, civil protection and an infrastructure of roads, hospitals and reception centers for the entire displaced population. Another measure would be the preparation of risk maps to know the most dangerous volcanic areas and prevent the population from settling in them.

La Palma's volcano

The Tajogaite volcano began on September 19, 2021 in the area of Cabeza de vaca, it lasted 85 days active. Its damages cost €842.133 million It was activated due to the high temperature in the magmatic chamber which increased the pressure with which the magma was forced to travel to the surface, opening channels and cracks in the earth's crust.