russell philosophy

bertrand russell

I 18 may 1872 - 2 feb 1970

index

1. biography

2. contribution

3. logical atomism.

4. educational view.

5. nature of matter

6. conclusion

7. referance

biography

Philosopher, mathematician and social critic, Bertrand Russell was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1950. In The Analysis of Mind, one of his most influential and exciting books.

‘’The whole problem with the world is that fools and fanatics are always so certain of themselves,and wiser people so full of doubts.’

------ bertband russell

contribution

logics and philosophy of mathmatics.

Aphilosophy of science .

philosophy of language.

ethics .

logical atomism.

religion and theology.

logical atomism

what is logical atomism ?

Logical atomism is a philosophical view that originated in the early 20th century with the development of analytic philosophy. It holds that the world consists of ultimate logical "facts" (or "atoms") that cannot be broken down any further, each of which can be understood independently of other facts.

logical atomism

purpose: their should be an ideal language concept: logical atomism is a method to discover the fundamental element and fundamental unit of universe , thereby explaining the reality techniqe: logical analysis of language

logical atomism

pluralistic realism: world is full of facts and logical atoms if we compile infinite facts and or infinite logical atoms and make a inventory, we can develop ideal language for the betterment of the world. classification of facts: 1) russell : 1) '+' facts are varified by positive proposition 2) '-' facts are varified by negative proposition . 2) widgesmith : according to him negative facts dosent exists.

logical atomism

symbols :- in language apart from facts there are symbols . there are two parts 1] complex : - NO PROBLEM 2] INCOMPLETE :- PROBLEM LOGICAL CONSTRUCTION :- KNOWLEDGE OF ANYTHING OR OBJECT. WE CAN GET IT FROM 2 WAYS 1} DISCRIPTION :- KNOWLEDGE BASED ON PAST EXPERIENCES OR THINGS WE DISCUSS IT NOW A DAYS. 2} ACQUISITION :- KNOWLEDGE WE GET FROM DIRECT SENSE OR EXPERIENCES.

education

works of bertrand russell.

• war the offising of fear(1915)
• principles of socail reconstruction (1916)
• the political ideals (1917)
• roads to freedom (1918)
• the A.B.C of atoms (1923)

principles of education

Russell's principles of education are based on his knowledge human psychology particulary child psychology. Russell maintains that the first 6 years of Child's life are very important from the point of view of development.

aim of education

according to russells the aim of education is to develop indiviality of the child in such a way that he may adopt himself to the human society

curriculum

edu between 14-18 yrs of age

edu between 5-14 yrs of age

early chieldhood

the nursary school should be organised on a large scale to make the necessary facilities avalable to teach child.

math , geography, history , music , dance , language, classical language , music science.

classical , math , science , modern humanities, physiology , anatomy.

the inculcation of this qualities is the fundamental aim of education

courage

sensitiveness

vitality

intelligence

nature of matter

We may therefore admit--though with a slight doubt derived from dreams--that the external world does really exist, and is not wholly dependent for its existence upon continuing to perceive itThe argument which has led us to this conclusion is doubtless less strong than we could wish Remember, Russell has claimed we know phenomena immediately, directly, and can only know the external world THROUGH or mediated by the phonemena

nature of matter

We will see that Russell thinks it's a big mistake to think that we must be able to prove everything we know in order to be able to claim to know it.An inference is a claim to know something on the basis of other things that we know. Take a look at that passage in Chapter One-- it is pretty important. The argument which has led us to this conclusion is doubtless less strong than we could wish But is typical of many philosophical arguments And is therefore worthwhile to consider briefly it's general character and validity All knowledge, we find, must be built up upon our instinctive beliefs, and if these are rejected, nothing is left

nature of matter

Perhaps the best we can say is that he has argued that our primitive belief in the reality of an external world is not clearly false, and is a reasonable hypothesis in its own right

conclusion

Bertrand Russell was a complex and multifaceted thinker whose ideas continue to shape our understanding of philosophy and social justice. His commitment to reason, logic, and compassion serves as an enduring example for future generations.

referance

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrand_Russell
• https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/russell/
• https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bertrand-Russell
• https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1950/russell/biographical/

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