B1

B1

Joana Nazareth Gómez Franco

Idioms

(a person who wakes up early) she wakes up at 6:00 am. what ...

an early bird

(feel sad) I don't want to go out because I ...

feel blue

wake up and smell the coffee

(realize the truth) You can't ignore the problem, You have to ...

(a nice or good person) Pete's a really ...

good egg

( person with a lot of energy or vitality) I wake up early, I do exercise, I'm a student and also I work in a company. I know, I do a lot of things every day, I'm ...

full of beans

Present Simple

Why do we use the Present Simple?

we use the Present Simple for express daily routines, habits, give directions, permanent sitautions and real facts ...

Select the correct answer ...

when we are talking about 1st person, the verb has to be in?

I works in a hospital I work in a hospital

How's the verb in 3rd person?

He play videogames every night He plays videogames every night

How's the verb if the subject is "They" or "we"?

They live far away They lives far away

If we have a question in 3rd person, how does the verb have to be?

Does she cook for the family? Does she cooks for the family?

We have to be careful with the verbs!

When we conjugate verbs in 3rd person, keep in mind that some verbs have their joke to be correct...

When do we add -s and when -es?

3rd person

When the verb ends in S, X, CH,SH, Z and O, we add -ES

SKiss (Besar): Kisses Miss (Extrañar): Misses X Fix (Arreglar o reparar): Fixes Mix (Mezclar): Mixes Ch Catch (Atrapar): Catches Teach (Enseñar): Teachers SH Push (Golpear): Pushes Wash (Lavar): Washes Z Buzz (zumbar): Buzzes O Do (Hacer): Does Go (Ir): Goes

Now, we are going to divide the verbs that end with Y in 2 groups:

Group 1: When we find a consonant before "Y", we have to erase the Y and write -IES

Group 2: When we find a vowel before "Y", we just have to add an -S

Play (Jugar): Plays Stay (Quedarse): Stays Pray (Rezar): Prays

Cry (Llorar): Cries Carry (Llevar): Carries Copy (Copiar): Copies

*The rest of the verbs, we just have to add an -S*

Keep in mind the modal verbs in English, such as: can, could, should, must, and would, these are not conjugated and have no tense.

Write in your notebook the correct answer:

1.Does/Do she like/likes/like go to the gym? 2.My dad fix/fixs/fixes his car 3.Do/Does the police officer catches/catchs/catch thieves to protect people 4.Raquel do/does exercise every morning 5.My house have/has/hases a beautiful garden 6.She can't/cants/cantes go to work, because she's pregnant 7. Do/Does they eat/eats/eates/eaten pizza twice a month ? 8. Oscar wash/washes/washs the dishes on the weekends 9. Sometimes, Miley Cyrus and Ariana Grande sing/singes/sings 10. The parrot often tries/try/trys new kinds of food

Does, like fixes Does, catch do has can't Do, eat washes sing tries

Adverbs of Frequency

position:

+after the verb "to be" +after the verb +after the modal verb or the aux. + at the beginning of the sentence +at the final of the sentence

Other expressions to indicate frequency...

-Bradley goes to French class every Tuesday and Thursday (Bradley va a clase de francés todos los martes y jueves). -Tanya travels abroad at least three times a year (Tanya viaja al extranjero al menos tres veces al año). -Sophie phones her grandmother once a week (Sophie llama por teléfono a su abuela una vez a la semana).

How can we know if we are talking about Present Simple?

Key words:

“My mama always said that life was like a box of chocolates - you never know what you’re going to get” - Forest Gump

Identify the mistake...

1. I always am happy when I finish work early. 2. Susan has been never to Thailand. 3. Gerald needs to take his medication three times for day. 4. Always I try to arrive at the office before 9 a.m. 5. It doesn’t hardly ever rain in Almería. 6. I eat sometimes muesli for breakfast. 7. I always don’t remember my keys when I leave the house.

1. I am always happy when I finish work early. 2. Susan has never been to Thailand. 3. Gerald needs to take his medication three times a day. 4. I always try to arrive at the office before 9 a.m. 5. It hardly ever rains in Almería. 6. I sometimes eat muesli for breakfast (o, para dar más énfasis, “Sometimes, I eat muesli for breakfast” o “I eat muesli for breakfast sometimes”). 7. I don’t always remember my keys when I leave the house.

READING

Colin likes football. He is a forward. A forward tries to score goals for his team. Colin plays football every Tuesday. His training starts at five o’clock. After school Colin goes home, packs his bag, puts on his football shirt and then he goes to football training. He has to take the bus. The bus leaves at half past four.

How often Colin play footaball? What does Colin do after school?

Articles

Articles

(1) a (2) an (3) a (4) an (5) a (6) a (7) an (8) a

Complete with: a/an/the/no article

1. I love going on holiday to ____ Maldives. 2. Did you watch ____ the Mel Gibson film on TV last night? 3. Do you still live in ____ Bristol? 4. I’ve had ____ terrible headache all day. 5. The book is about someone who lives on ____ small island. 6. She lives in ____ Scotland now, but is from ____ Netherlands. 7. They speak ____ Chinese. 8. I’d love to go sailing along ____ Ganges river. 9. Who is that woman in ____ photograph? 10. Can I have _____ sugar in my coffee please?

1. the 2. the 3. no article 4. a 5. a 6. no article, the 7. no article 8. the 9. the 10. no article

Find the mistake and try to explain why:

We don’t use the with plural nouns when we are referring to things in general

the wild animals.

We don’t use the when we refer in general to something abstract or uncountable

I love the Japanese food.

We don’t use the when the noun is not known to the listener or reader

we saw the film called ‘Nightmare’.

We don’t use the instead of a possessive pronoun

The police asked us to put the hands up.

We don’t use an article with go to bed

I go to the bed at eleven most nights

PRESENT CONTINOUS

When do we use the Present Continous?

1.Events that take place at the moment of speech; Example: Look! James is taking a picture of another tourist. 2.Plans or appointments scheduled for the near future; Example: He is meeting his friend Brad tonight. 3.Temporary actions; Example: James is traveling around Australia. Brad is working there as a tour guide over the summer. 4.Current events; Example: He is staying at a youth hostel. 5.Situations that indicate evolution or change. Example: The town is becoming more and more popular because of its beautiful beaches.

Write the formula in your notebook

Key words

at the moment now, just now, right now Listen! Look!

As we saw early, keep in mind that in Present Continous, we also have to be careful with the conjugation of the verbs!

Rules To form the gerund of a verb in English, you just have to add the ending -ing to the infinitive, without having to change the spelling of the word. However, there are some exceptions: 1.If the infinitive ends in -e, it is necessary to remove this vowel before adding -ing. In the case of -ee, -oe or -ye, the e remains. Example: come – coming agree - agreeing 2.In words with a vowel before a final consonant, the final consonant is doubled.This is not so with the final consonants -w, -y, or -x. (short pronunciation) Example: sit-sitting (but: mix – mixing) 3.In British English, you have to double the final l after a vowel. This is not so in American English. Example: travel – travelling (British English), traveling (American English) 4.Verbs ending in -ie replace these vowels with a y before adding the ending -ing. Example: lie-lying

Just read the text and analyze :

James is travelling around Australia. He is staying at a youth hostel in a little Australian town. The town is becoming more and more popular because of its beautiful beaches. James is meeting his friend Brad in town tonight. Brad is working there as a tour guide over the summer. James is in the town centre now. Look! James is taking a picture of another tourist.

Complete in Present Continous and identify the key words:

Monica’s weird day Monica is an accountant. She works at the Central Bank of Sydney. Today is a weird day for Monica, it seems like her regular daily routine has changed dramatically. She usually walks to work but today she __________ (drive) because she overslept. Most of the times she wears a red blouse and a black skirt for work, but today she_______ (wear)jeans and t-shirt because the washing machine got damaged yesterday. Although her husband takes the kids to school every day, today Monica ________ (take) them to school because her husband went to a party last night and got home really late. She regularly listens to classical music on her way to work, but today she and her children_____________(listen) to reggaeton; they say that classical music is not as interesting and cool as reggaeton. Some people may think Monica _____________ (not enjoy) her day; on the contrary, she loves doing new things, so she is happy about this weird day.

she is driving she is wearing is taking are listening isn't /is not enjoying

COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

Adjectives are words that modify or qualify nouns.

What are adjectives?

on the other hand, when we are talking about superlatives, we usually enlarge the adjective of a thing

When we are talking about comparatives, we usually compare between 2 things !

Ex: Arely is the tallest

Ex: Arely is taller than Joy

but, WE HAVE TO FOLLOW SOME RULES...

1.one syllable adjectives

4.Two-syllable adjectives ending in -y

For example: clean Comparative degree: Add –er: cleaner than Superlative degree: It is added -est: the cleanest

For example: funny Comparative degree: Change the -y to -i + -er: funnier than Superlative degree: The -y is changed to -i + -est: the funniest

5.Adjectives of two or more syllables

2.One-syllable adjectives ending in -e

For example: intelligent Comparative degree: It has the structure more/less intelligent Superlative degree: It has the structure the most/the least intelligent

For example: nice Comparative degree: Add –r: nicer than Superlative degree: It is added -st: the nicest

3.One-syllable adjectives with the structure consonant + vowel + consonant

For example: hot Comparative degree:its last consonant is doubled and -er is added: hotter than Superlative degree: Its last consonant is doubled and -est is added: the hottest

6.we also have irregular adjectives...

Rules:

Now that you know the rules, write in your notebook 5 comparatives and 5 superlatives between...

PRESENT PERFECT

When do we use PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE?

completed actions that influence the present, usually without being accompanied by a time marker

Ex: I’ve invited all her friends and family, now I’m waiting for their replies. (no sabemos exactamente cuándo se enviaron las invitaciones)

past experiences with the ever and never time markers

the times something has been done so far

Ex:She has never had a surprise party before. Have you ever had a surprise party?

Ex: You have reminded her at least seven times.

recently completed actions (usually with the just time marker);

Ex: Ella has just sent a message.

actions that did or did not take place at a time in the past (with already and yet)

Ex: Has Tony replied yet? I have already ordered food and drinks for thirty people.

states and situations that started in the past and continue into the present (with for and since markers)

Ex: I haven’t seen him for ages. She has wanted a surprise party for years.

Let's be more explicit, so you can understand better this time...

En español y en Inglés usamos este tiempo verbal cuando queremos decir cosas como: * (yo)he estudiado todo el día *(Ella) ha trabajado en esta compañia por años * (Nosotros) hemos visto esa película antes * (Tú) has hecho muchas cosas por tu relación *(Ellos) han ido al torneo para demostrar que son los mejores

Sí te das cuenta, en español usamos el verbo "haber" como auxiliar y el verbo termina en participio (-ado,-ido-,-to, -so, -cho)

En inglés, es exactamente la misma estructura como en español, usamos el verbo "have" como auxiliar y el verbo va en participio pasado.

*I have studied all day

*she has worked in this company for years

*we have seen that movie before

*you have done many things for your relationship

*they have gone to the tournament to show that they are the best

Los marcadores just, already, ever y never se colocan después del verbo auxiliar

-until now-up to now…

I've already finished my homework

yet (only in negative and question form) se colocan al final de la oración

I haven't read that book yet

IRREGULAR VERBS

Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect simple). I (not / work) have not worked today. We (buy)___________ a new lamp. We (not / plan) ______our holiday yet. Where (be / you) ___________? He (write)_________ five letters. She (not / see)_________him for a long time. (be / you) _________at school? School (not / start)_______ yet. (speak / he) _________ to his boss? No, he (have / not)_________ the time yet.

I have not worked today. We have bought a new lamp. We have not planned our holiday yet. Where have you been ? He has written five letters. She has not seen him for a long time. Have you been at school? School has not started yet. Has he spoken to his boss? No, he has not had the time yet.

QUANTIFIERS

Quantifiers express an indeterminate quantity. The choice between one quantifier or another depends on whether it goes with a countable or uncountable noun.

More Common

More Informal

Plural

Singular

Means the same (demasiad@(s))

Suficiente

not enough+noun not+adjective+enough not+verb+enough

SOME: affirmative sentences and questions (+ / ¿?) ANY: negative sentences and questions (-/¿?)

Countable and Uncountable nouns